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Newman J.R. (ed.) — The World of Mathematics, Volume 4
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Íàçâàíèå: The World of Mathematics, Volume 4Àâòîð: Newman J.R. (ed.) Àííîòàöèÿ: Volume 4 of a monumental 4-volume set covers such topics as mathematical machines, mathematics in warfare, a mathematical theory of art, mathematics of the good, mathematics in literature, mathematics and music, and amusements, puzzles, and fancies. Individual contributions by A. M. Turing, Aldous Huxley, Sir James Jeans, Lewis Carroll, and other notables. Informative commentary by noted mathematics scholar James R. Newman precedes each essay. Numerous figures.
ßçûê: Ðóáðèêà: Ìàòåìàòèêà /Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö ed2k: ed2k stats Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 2000Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 448Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 07.04.2008Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
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Thinking machine, imitation game 2099—2102 2106 2107 Thinking machine, informality of behavior 2115—2116 Thinking machine, learning machines 2117—2123 Thinking machine, mathematical objections 2109—2110 Thinking machine, objections to 2107—2117 Thinking machine, original work 2114—2115 Thinking machine, theological objection 2107—2108 Thinking machine, “heads in the sand” objectio 2108—2109 Thinking, Productive (Wertheimer) 467 fn. Thinking, unnamed 495—496 Thirring, J.H., Einstein’s Theory, The Idea of 1105 Thomas, Ivor, “Greek Mathematics” 188 189—209 Thompson, D’Arcy Wentworth; commentary on 996—1000 Thompson, D’Arcy Wentworth; commentary on, Growth and Form 708 884 996 998—1000 1030 Thompson, D’Arcy Wentworth; commentary on, medusae, formation 712 Thompson, D’Arcy Wentworth; commentary on, publications 997 Thompson, D’Arcy Wentworth; commentary on, “On Magnitude” 1001—1046 Thomson, James, bridge-building 1004 fn. Thomson, Joseph John 855 874 Thomson, William see “Lord Kelvin” Thoreau, Henry David, quoted 2070 Thought transference 219 Thought, economy 1792 Thought, function of pure mathematics 406 Thought, Laws of 68 Thought, Laws of (Boole) 1576 1853 Thought, reproduction 1788 Thought-labor, economy of 6 13 15 22 26 42—43 61 71 Thousand, Roman numeral 448 449 Thrasher, F.M. 1261 fn. Threats, diverse effects 1240 Three boxes game 1288—1291 Three, early numeral 443 444 Three-dimensional bodies 617 Three-dimensional scenes, paintings 623 Three-dimensional space 360 Through the Looking Glass (Carroll), mathematical reality 2348 Through the Looking Glass (Carroll), prophetic character 2397 Through the Looking Glass (Carroll), relativity theory 1107—1114 1126 Through the Looking Glass (Carroll), symbolic notation 1886—1890 Thuenen, Johann Heinrich von 1202 Thurstone, L.L. 1304 Tides, theory of 268 Tillotson, John, quoted 2262 Timaeus (Plato) 96 2325 Time and space, infinitely divisible 41 Time and space, union 1133 Time, aggregate 655 Time, measuring 1803 1803 Time, motion, relationship with 735 Time, repetition, one-dimensional 702 Time, variable 1834 Time-keeper 782 784 799 803—806 Time-Keeper, The Principles of Mr. Harrison’s 817 timekeepers 779 809—813 812 815—818 Times, multiplication 24 Tippett, L. C, Statistics 1456 Tippett, L. C, “Sampling and Standard Error” 1459—1486 Titchener, Edward Bradford 1152 Titchmarsh, E. C, Mathematics for the General Reader 3 Titius, J.D. 222 fn. Todhunter, Isaac 1368 fn. Tomlinson, H.M., quoted 1478 Tompion, Thomas 808 fn. Tone, Sensations of (Helmholtz) 643 Tone-world 2321 Tonelli, length, minimum problem 889 Tones, aggregate 656 Tonstall (Tunstall) Cuthbert, Bishop 120 210 Topologie, Vorstudien zur (Listing) 571 Topology, application to psychology 1307 Topology, connectivity 587—588 Topology, continuum 1839 1843 Topology, figures, properties of 585—592 Topology, geometry of distortion 570 Topology, Jordan curve theorem 588—590 Topology, knots 592 Topology, map, coloring 590—591 1306 Topology, surfaces, classification 592—599 Topology, transformation 585—587 640 Torres y Quevedo, L. 2125 2133 Transformation, concept 570 fn. Transformation, Congruent 696 Transformation, group theory 1535 1535 1544—1546 1548 Transformation, invariant 570 570 Transformation, projection and section 640 Transformation, space structure 682 694 Transformation, topological 585—587 640 Translation, congruence 697 699 Translatory symmetry 699—700 702 Transmutation of metals 272 Transposition, birds’ ability to grasp 494 Trapezoids, area 174 Travers, Morris William, helium 928 Tree, height limit 1006 1006 1007 Triadic fractions 1062 Triangles, area, Rhind papyrus 174 175 Triangles, arithmetical 135—136 140 Triangles, Descartes’ view 2018 Triangles, differential 54 Triangles, equilateral 502 2386 2389 Triangles, fourth proposition, Euclid 69 Triangles, isosceles 15 81 101 175 2389 Triangles, measuring 15 17—18 Triangles, pattern of lines 82 Triangles, polar 121 Triangles, problems, Rhind papyrus 175 Triangles, rectilinear 551 Triangles, right-angled see “Right-angled triangle” Triangles, self-dual 635 Triangles, sides 81 563 Triangles, spherical, angles 109 Triangles, straight line drawn across 109 Triangles, sum of angles 15 86 134 159 190 565 Triangular numbers 84 Trigonometry, abstract 412 Trigonometry, Indian progress 177 Trigonometry, invention 18 412 Trigonometry, logarithms 123 Trigonometry, mathematical functions 62 Trigonometry, separated from geometry 40 Trigonometry, spherical 18 109 125 Triple Thinkers, The (Wilson) 1831 fn. Triplets, vectors 162 Tripod, rotational symmetry 714 Triquetrum, magic symbol 714 Troll, W. 702 fn. Truth function 1924 Truth function, theorems 1740 Truth tables, method of 1923—1927 Truth, The Search for (Bell) 1650 fn. Tschermak, Erich von 932 976 Tschirnhausen, Ehrenfried von 786 Tube, volume 111 Tucker, Albert S., “Topology” 572 fn. Tuning fork, sound curve 2278—2281 Tuning fork, vibration, period, frequency and pitch 2281 2285 Turbine, geometry 1999—2000 Turing, A.M. 2069 Turing, A.M., biographical 2069 Turing, A.M., computing automata, theory of 2093—2094 Turing, A.M., “Can a Machine Think?” 2099—2123 Turkey, abacus 458 Turnbull, Herbert Westren, Great Mathematicians, The 75—168 Turnbull, Herbert Westren, Greek mathematics, survey 188 Turnbull, Herbert Westren, Mathematical Discoveries of Newton, The 520 fn. Turnbull, Herbert Westren, quoted 74 341 Turnbull, Herbert Westren, “Newton: The Algebraist and Geometer” 519 fn. Turner, J.E., “Relativity without Paradox” 1105 fn. Tustin, Arnold, “Feedback” 2066 fn. Twain, Mark, quoted 2416 2460 Two generals, game 1292—1293 Two, early numeral 443 Two-dimension geometry 650 654 Two-dimensional manifold 336 Two-dimensional surfaces 592 Twyman, Frank 263 Tyler, Edward Burnett, Anthropology 2351 fn. Tyler, Edward Burnett, Primitive Culture 433 439 Tyndall, John 219 Types, theory of 1740—1742 1952—1953 Tzetzes, John 179 181 Tzetzes, John, quoted 187 Uccello, Paolo 607 Uhler, H.S. 505 Ulloa, Antonio de 923 Ultra-violet, bees’ eyes 1028 Umklappungen 722 724 Uncertainty, principle of 1047—1055 Undefined elements and unproved propositions 1696—1697 Uniform acceleration 48—49 Uniform convergence 108 Uniform motion, properties of 734—754 Unit fractions 171 172 Unity, number 95 Universal cycle, doctrine of 1455 Universal irreversibility 1383—1384 1390 Universal physics 1742—1744 Universal quantifiers 1906 Universal sentences 1904 Universality and exactness, connection between 551 Universals, problem of 390 Universe Around Us, The (Jeans) 2275 Universe, causal structure 1836—1837 Universe, diameter 422—425 428 429 Universe, expanding 1090—1091 Universe, mathematical harmony 720 Universe, number of particles in 1069 1082 Universe, symbol of 101 Universe, system of 153 Universe, The Expanding (Eddington) 2461 Universe, thermodynamical running-down 1091 Universe, topological structure 1848 Unknown quantities, symbols for 28—29 116 Unnamed numbers 491 492 494 495 Unnamed thinking 495—496 Unordered Irrationals (Apollonius) 108 Unstable equilibrium 1381 1382 1384 1390 Uranus, deviations 820 831 1102 Uranus, discovery 313 822 826 Uranus, exterior planet 831 833 Uranus, gravitation, law of 828 829 Uranus, longitude, errors of 825 826 828—829 Uranus, observations 823 Uranus, perturbations 824 827 831 Uranus, Planet Herschel 839 Uranus, radius vector, errors of 826 828—829 830 831 Uranus, satellites 1322 Urban, F.M. 1165 Urysohn, P., space, three-dimensional 1971 Utility, theory of 1221—1235 Utility, theory of, commodity distribution 1228 Utility, theory of, degree 1225 Utility, theory of, disutility and discommodity 1227 Utility, theory of, exchange, theory of 1231 Utility, theory of, final degree 1226 Utility, theory of, indifference, law of 1229 1233 Utility, theory of, total utility 1225 Utility, theory of, variation 1223 Vacuum tube, computing machines 2080 2081 Vacuum tube, nerve cell, comparison with 2081—2083 Vacuum tube, switching organ 2079 Vajda, S., games, theory of 1265 1285—1293 Valentine, Basil, antimony 923 Vallee Poussin, C.J. de la, prime number theorem 158 507 Valuation, theory of 77 Value and demand, changes in value 1203—1209 Value and demand, law of demand 1209—1216 Value, absolute and relative 1203—1209 Value, definition 1203 Van der Waerden, B.L. 169 fn. Vanadium, relations with other elements 916 Vandiver, H.S. 510 van’t Hoff factor 989 Varenius, Bernhard, quoted 780 Variability, survey able range of 1838 Variable, behavior 132 Variable, behavior of 132 Variable, dependent 39 Variable, differentials 55 Variable, equant 227 Variable, free and bound 1906—1908 Variable, function 22 29 32 38 70 411 1832—1833 1941 2332 Variable, infinitesimal calculus 56 Variable, mathematics, importance in 1908—1909 Variable, modern mathematics 19 Variable, notation 130—131 Variable, notion of 407 Variable, sentential and designatory functions 1902—1906 Variable, spheres 37 Variable, universal and existential sentences 1904—1906 Variable, use of 1901—1909 Variation of utility, law of 1223—1225 Variations, absolute and relative 1205—1209 Variations, calculus of 111 153 267 274 883 886—890 901 Variations, coefficient 1511 Variations, heritable 962 Varin, longitude surveys 795—796 800 Veblen, Oswald, analysis situs 339 Veblen, Oswald, Projective Geometry 1616 Veblen, Oswald, “Mathematical Science, A” 1696—1707 Vectors 162 697 1544 Veitch, J., Principles of Philosophy 2350 fn. Velocities and times, multiplying 50 Velocity, concept 1959—1961 Velocity, curve 47—50 61 Velocity, dimensions and acceleration 51 Velocity, dimensions, relation between 1020—1021 Velocity, falling bodies 45—47 548 549 1822—1825 Velocity, fluxions 58 Velocity, impulse 1013 Velocity, measure of 767 Velocity, relative 1120 Velocity, straight line 51 Venn, John, Chance, Logic of 1336 fn. Venn, John, logical alphabet 1868 Venn, John, probability 1342 1396 Verification, process 405 Veronese, G. 1975 fn. Verse, The Laws of (Sylvester) 354 357 1757 Vertebrates, oxygen distribution 954 Viator, Johannes 604 Vibrations, energy 2290 Vibrations, general theory of 2283—2286 Vibrations, period, frequency and pitch 2281—2282 Vibrations, simultaneous 2286—2290 Vibrations, strings and harmonics 2294—2301 Vibrations, superposing of same period 2291—2294 Vibrations, theories of 412 415 Vibrations, tuning fork 2278—2281 2285 Vienna Circle 1592 1733 1735 1935 Vierordt, Hermann 1154 Vies, Fred 1041 fn. Vieta (Viete), Francois, algebraic symbolism 115 Vieta (Viete), Francois, duality, principle of 121 Vieta (Viete), Francois, formula for 138 Vieta (Viete), Francois, mathematical notation 728 Vieta (Viete), Francois, modern mathematics 20 Vieta (Viete), Francois, symbolic algebra 115 120 236 249 Vieta (Viete), Francois, variables 1909 fn
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