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Newman J.R. (ed.) — The World of Mathematics, Volume 4
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Название: The World of Mathematics, Volume 4Автор: Newman J.R. (ed.) Аннотация: Volume 4 of a monumental 4-volume set covers such topics as mathematical machines, mathematics in warfare, a mathematical theory of art, mathematics of the good, mathematics in literature, mathematics and music, and amusements, puzzles, and fancies. Individual contributions by A. M. Turing, Aldous Huxley, Sir James Jeans, Lewis Carroll, and other notables. Informative commentary by noted mathematics scholar James R. Newman precedes each essay. Numerous figures.
Язык: Рубрика: Математика /Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц ed2k: ed2k stats Год издания: 2000Количество страниц: 448Добавлена в каталог: 07.04.2008Операции: Положить на полку |
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Hempel, Carl G., “Geometry and Empirical Science” 1635—1646 Hempel, Carl G., “On the Nature of Mathematical Truth” 1619—1634 Hemsterhuis, Frans 2183 Henderson, L.J. 1005 fn. 2207 Henle, Friedrich Gustav 1043 fn. Henry, O. (William Sidney Porter), quoted 1187 Heptagon, angle, determining 80 Heracleides 179 Heraldic symmetry 674 675 Herbart, Johann Friedrich, limen, law of 1154 1156 1158 1164 Herbart, Johann Friedrich, psychology 1146 1146 1148 Hereditary Genius (Galton) 112 fn. 1170 1711 Hereditary substance, durability 991 Hereditary substance, general picture 982 Heredity, East and West (Huxley) 934 fn. Heredity, laws of 932 Heredity, plant-hybridization experiments 937—949 Heredity, quantum theory, Delbruck’s model 982—990 Heredity, quantum theory, order, disorder and entropy 990—995 Heredity, quantum theory, quantum-mechanical evidence 975—982 Heredity, The New You and (Scheinfelt) 933—934 fn. Heredity, Understanding (Goldschmidt) 934 fn. Hermaphrodite plants 965 Hermite, Charles 514 Hero (Heron) of Alexandria, fractions 172 Hero (Heron) of Alexandria, geometrical optics 882 fn. Hero (Heron) of Alexandria, inventions 110 Hero (Heron) of Alexandria, plane mirrors 110 132 154 Hero (Heron) of Alexandria, relativity 110 Herodotus 10 80 Herodotus, quoted 79 1360 Herschel Planet 839 Herschel, Sir John 820 835 Herschel, Sir John, quoted 832 836 837 1003 Herschel, Sir William, Uranus, discovery of 822 823 1322 Hertwig, R. 1032 fn. Hertz, Heinrich, mathematical formulas, separate existence 2355 2357 Hertz, Heinrich, quoted 521 Hertz, Heinrich, wireless telegraphy 9 644 Herzfeld, Ernst 675 Hevfelius, Joannes 786 Hexagon, Egyptian knowledge of 80 Hexagon, figure 2389 Hexagon, inscribed in a conic 134 Hexagonal cells, bees’ 80 111 208 Hexagonal symmetry 712 Hexagram, mystic 134 151 Heyting, A. 1750 1751 Hiero II (king of Sicily) 103 181 185 188 200 High jump 1013 High-school axiomatics 1723—1724 Higher algebra 136 Higher geometry 151 Higher plane curves, theory of 113 Higher space, geometry of 342 Hilbert, David, absolute proof 1675 Hilbert, David, calculus of variations 889 Hilbert, David, diophantine equations 509 Hilbert, David, formalism 1751—1753 Hilbert, David, geometry axiomatization 1640 1650 1667 1670 1672 1727—1728 Hilbert, David, intuitionism 2058 Hilbert, David, mathematical axioms 1848 Hilbert, David, mathematics, definition of 1830 1953 Hilbert, David, meta-mathematics 1676 Hilbert, David, quoted 510 1593 Hilbert, David, spaces 2051 Hilbert, David, transcendental numbers 514 Hilbert, David, Waring’s conjecture 514 Hill, A.V., Muscular Movement in Man 1014 fn. Hill, F.J. 1040 Hill, G.F., Arabic Numerals in Europe 454 fn. Hill, G.W., earth-sun-moon problem 2183 fn. Hillebrand, William 919 927 Hindu-Arabic numerals 453 Hindu-Arabic Numerals, The (Smith and Karpinski) 454 fn. Hindus see also “India” Hindus, diophantine equations 509 Hindus, rotation system 13 Hindus, trigonometry 18 Hipparchus, cartography, scientific 780 Hipparchus, earth, measurement 792 Hipparchus, planetary measurements 783 Hipparchus, planetary motion 110 226 Hipparchus, trigonometry 18 109 Hippasus 83 Hippocrates of Chios, area of a circle 97 Hippocrates of Chios, method of exhaustion 92 101 193 Hippocrates of Chios, squaring the circle 90 Hire, Phillippe de la 631 Historic asymmetry 679 Historic continuity, heraldic symmetry 676 Histories, Book of (Tzetzes), quoted 187 Hobbes, Thomas, quoted 622 1254 1647 Hodge, Alan, “Dog Walking Ordinance” 1890—1893 Hogben, Lancelot 2027—2028 Holbein, Hans, two Madonnas 1154—1155 Holland, calculus of logic 1862 1863 Holland, freedom of thought 235 Holland, longitude, solution 782 Holmes, Oliver Wendell, quoted 467 937 Holmes, Sir Charles 1358 fn. Holy Days, precise determination 790 Holy tetractys 84 Homaloid space 656—657 Homeostasis 1318 homer 99 Homer, quoted 1254 Honey cell, hexagon 80 110 208 Hooke, Robert, gravitation, theory of 799 Hooke, Robert, inverse square law 264 265 Hooke, Robert, Micrographia 261 Hooke, Robert, planetary motion 144 264 Hooke, Robert, portable timekeeper 805 Hooke, Robert, watch springs 805 Hoover, Herbert 923 Horace, quoted 2325 fn. Horatio, land, acquisition 882 Horner, W.G., method 2380 Hotelling, H., mine production 888 Houdin, Jean Eugene Robert 477 Housman, A.E., quoted 2027 Howe, E.W., quoted 1341 Huaman Poma de Ayala, Don Felipe 463 Hubble, Edwin 2460 2462 Hubbs, Carl L. 1024 fn. Hughes, H. Stuart, Oswald Spengler, 2312 fn. 2313 Hughes, Richard, quoted 537 Hugo, Victor, quoted 1254 Hull, Clark, Mathematico-Deductive Theory of Rote Learning 1295 1296 Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort (Zipf) 1302 Human behavior, cultural stimuli 2352 Human behavior, cybernetics 1307 1308 Human bodies, in curved space 663—664 Human body, bilateral symmetry 671 674 686—687 Human Faculty, Inquiries into (Galton) 1171 Human Knowledge, Its Scope and Limits (Russell) 1049 fn. Human nature, culture 2353 Human preferences, scale 1310 Human Relations, Yale Institute of 1295 Human species, Increase 1194 Human stature, inheritance 966—967 Human Understanding, Essay concerning (Locke) 1335 1365 Human Use of Human Beings, The (Wiener) 1308—1309 Humboldt, Baron Alexander von 316 318 330 820 1043 1324 Hume, David, cause and effect 1784 Hume, David, probabilities 1357 Hume, David, quoted 1221 1723 Hundred, Roman numeral 448 Hunsaker, Jerome C., Aeronautics at the Mid-Century 2136 fn. Hunter, John, quoted 854 Hurwicz, Leonid, “Theory of Economic Behavior” 1201 fn. 1265 1267—1284 Huskins, evolution by hybridization 962 Hutchinson, G. Evelyn 996 fn. Huxley, Aldous, commentary on 2221—2222 Huxley, Aldous, quoted 277 2027 2138 2222 Huxley, Aldous, “Young Archimedes” 2223—2249 Huxley, Julian S. 933 933 Huxley, Julian S., Embryology, Elements of 691 fn. Huxley, Julian S., Heredity, East and West 934 fn. Huxley, Thomas Henry 166 239 1756 Huygens, Christian, Academie Roy ale des Sciences 786 787 788 Huygens, Christian, circular motion 728 Huygens, Christian, gravitation, theory of 798 799 Huygens, Christian, Horologium oscillatorium 800 fn. 806 Huygens, Christian, Jupiter, satellites 782 Huygens, Christian, light, theory of 146 261 262 412 1065 Huygens, Christian, longitude problem 804 Huygens, Christian, pendulum clock 784 787 805 806 Huygens, Christian, pendulum, oscillation 800 Huygens, Christian, reflection 862 Huygens, Christian, Saturn, observations 791 Huygens, Christian, timekeeper for use at sea 805 Hybrids, differentiating characters 944—945 946 Hybrids, dominant characters 940—941 942 943 947 Hybrids, first generation bred from 941—942 Hybrids, recessive characters 940 941 942 943 947 Hybrids, reproductive cells 945—948 Hybrids, second generation bred from 942—943 Hybrids, self-fertilization 949 Hybrids, subsequent generations bred from 943—944 Hydrodynamics, conformal mapping 337 Hydrodynamics, text-book 267 Hydrogen atoms, size 1076 1077 1078 Hydrogen atoms, wave-equation 1081—1082 Hydrostatic balance 731 Hydrostatics, Archimedes’ work on 107 Hydrostatics, Stevinus’ work on 120 Hyperbola 34 87 91 93 97 258 Hyperbolic geometry 158—159 1639 1640 Hyperbolic table, Dase’s 477 Hypergeometric series 324 369 Hypothesis, null 1515—1516 1519 Hypothesis, probability of 1360 Hypothesis, two certainties 1334 i (defined), complex unity 30 Ice calorimeter 1322 Iceland spar 263 858 icosahedron 86 96 719—720 Ideal numbers 499 513 Ideas, Adventures in (Whitehead) 399 Ideas, interaction 2356 Identity hypothesis 1158 Ideographs, symbolic logic 1852 1853 1861 Idiot savants 465—466 Idiots and Imbeciles, ratios 1180 1188 Iltis, Hugo, Mendel, Life of 932 fn. 933 936 imaginary numbers 29—30 34 119 148 309 Imitation game 2099—2102 2106 2107 Immediate occasion 407 Imperfect Information, games 1291 Impetus, theory of 727 728 Implication, mathematics 70 Implication, symbolic logic 1913—1918 Impotence, postulates of 1047 Imputation, distribution of gains 1277 1278—1279 1281 Inanimate objects, motions and rests 44 Inaudi, Jacques, mental calculations 475 478—480 481 482 Incommensurables 16 26 62 99 191 525 Incorrigible propositions 1710—1713 Increasing arithmetically, logarithms 124 Increment (to fortune), importance of 1369 Increment of, symbol 47—48 Independent assortment, law of 933 Independent concurrent arguments, combination 1345 Independent probabilities, multiplication, rule for 1341—1342 Indeterminacy, principle of 1048 1049 1051 1469 Indeterminate analysis 197 207 Indeterminate equations 105 116 Indeterminate probabilities 1347 index numbers 1499—1504 India see also “Hindus” India, decimal notation 23 114 117 1839 India, four, forms for 453 India, mathematicians 166 India, numerals 443 Indian Currency and Finance (Keynes) 1356 Indices, fractional 131 140 Indices, negative 131 Indices, notation 122 Indices, theory 89 106 125 Indifference, law of 1229—1231 1233 1362 Individual freedom 1301 Indivisibles, method of 31—43 53 135 137 Induction, mathematical 1980—1985 Induction, process 68 Induction, theory of 405 Inductive reasoning 1348 Industrial Revolution 1308—1309 Inertia, law of 52 665 729 1976 Infective nucleo-protein 1036 Inference, repeated 1336 Inference, rules 1576—1577 1930—1931 Inference, sentential calculus 1927—1929 Inference, synthetic 1354 Inference, validity 1335—1336 Infinite descent, method 311 505 Infinite geometrical progression 94 Infinite numbers 1582—1587 1602—1605 “Infinity””) Infinite plane dwellers, geometry 651 Infinite rapport 699 Infinite series 521—524 1402 2017 Infinite Series, The Theory of (Bromwich) 2449 Infinite sets 1593—1605 Infinite, analysis of 2333 Infinite, Paradoxes of the (Bolzano) 2411 Infinite, philosophy of 1582—1590 Infinitesimal calculus 43 48 52 53—62 95 127 142 146 286—293 411 1581 2330 2343 Infinitesimal, meaning 152 Infinitesimal, philosophy of 1582 Infinitesimals 40 41 57 Infinity, conception 2328 Infinity, theory of 1593—1611 2411 Inflected language 406 Information, theory of 1312 Inhibitory potential 1296 Inkeri, K. 513 Insects, eyes 1027—1028 Insects, flying speed 1020 fn. 1022 Insects, oxygen distribution 954 Insects, size limitations 1026 Insurance companies, losses 1338 Insurance rates 1440 Insurance, large numbers, law of 1451 1451 Integers 13 28 60 65 66 1838 Integral calculus 42 47 90 103 104 135 139 142 143 258 Integration, basic problem 1964 Integration, differential 55—56 61 Integration, Leibniz’s problem 58 Intellectual needs, satisfaction of 8—9 10 Intellectual powers, special powers 1179 intelligence tests 1304 Interminable fraction, celebrated approximations 2378—2380 Interminable fraction, curiosities of 2370—2371 International Date Line 2398 International ethics, problem 2204—2206 International metre 1077 Interpolation, mathematics of 140 145 Interpretation and its reasoned basis 1512—1513 Intuition, Crisis in (Hahn) 1942 fn. 1956—1976 Intuition, failure in concepts of calculus 1964
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