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Newman J.R. (ed.) — The World of Mathematics, Volume 4
Newman J.R. (ed.) — The World of Mathematics, Volume 4



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Íàçâàíèå: The World of Mathematics, Volume 4

Àâòîð: Newman J.R. (ed.)

Àííîòàöèÿ:

Volume 4 of a monumental 4-volume set covers such topics as mathematical machines, mathematics in warfare, a mathematical theory of art, mathematics of the good, mathematics in literature, mathematics and music, and amusements, puzzles, and fancies. Individual contributions by A. M. Turing, Aldous Huxley, Sir James Jeans, Lewis Carroll, and other notables. Informative commentary by noted mathematics scholar James R. Newman precedes each essay. Numerous figures.


ßçûê: en

Ðóáðèêà: Ìàòåìàòèêà/

Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö

ed2k: ed2k stats

Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 2000

Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 448

Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 07.04.2008

Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ññûëêó äëÿ ôîðóìà | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ID
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Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü
$\int$ symbol for “the sum of”      54 55
$\pi$      89 92 104 108 121 138 150—151 166 168 477 510 514 525
$\triangle$ (defined)      47
abacus      13 fn. 441 456—458 461 463
Abacus, The Ancient Peruvian (Wassen)      463 fn.
Abbati, Pietro, group theory      1534 fn.
Abbott, Edwin A., “Flatland”      2383—2396
Abbreviated construction, Italian painters      607 609
Abel, Niels Henrik      59 78 120 299 306 331 344 1534
Abetti, Giorgio, Astronomy, The History of      820 fn.
Abscissa      33
Absolute magnitude      1003
Absolute motion      1115—1116
Absolute proof, requirement of      1675
Absolute space      360 2354
Abstract ideas, early societies      402
Abstract numbers      24
Abstraction, extensive      399 399
Abstraction, mathematical      1777 1842—1843
Acceleration, cause      738
Acceleration, dynamics      729
Accidents, chance causation      1476
Achilles, race with tortoise      41 94 138 1585—1586 2402—2405
Acosta, Joseph de, quoted      462
Action, magnitude of “oughtness”      1367
Action-Invariants      1083
Activating optically inactive material      689
Adam, Charles, Descartes, Oeuvres de      247 fn.
Adam, N.K.      1041
Adams, John Couch, commentary on      820—821
Adams, John Couch, inverse perturbations      824
Adams, John Couch, Neptune, discovery of      820—841 852—853
Adams, John Couch, Uranus, disturbing planet      833 834
Adams, John Couch, Uranus, irregular motion      824—825 826 831 837
Adams, John Couch, Uranus, radius vector      829—830
Addition, concrete numbers      24
Addition, direction of      460
Addition, generalization of number      30—31
Addition, logarithms      23
Addition, Roman numerals      451
Addition, series, numbers      63
Addition, symbols      27 28
Additive theory of numbers      515
Adjustment, method of      1165
Aerodynamics (Lanchester)      1019 fn.
Aerodynamics, conformal mapping      337
Aeronautics at the Mid-Century (Hunsaker)      2136 fn.
Aeroplanes      see “Airplanes”
Aesthetic and ethical domains, parallelism      2199—2200
Aesthetic experience, associations and aesthetic feeling      2188
Aesthetic experience, feeling of effort      2186—2187
Aesthetic experience, formal and connotative associations      2190
Aesthetic experience, mathematical formulation      2186
Aesthetic experience, nature of      2185
Aesthetic experience, order, elements of      2190—2191
Aesthetic experience, order, psychological meaning      2191
Aesthetic experience, sensuous feeling      2189
Aesthetic formula (diagram)      2195
Aesthetic Measure (Birkhoff)      671 fn. 703
Aesthetic measure, concept      2192 2198 2199
Aesthetic measure, formula      2192—2195
Aesthetic problem      2185
Aesthetic value of symmetry      674
Aesthetics, mathematics of, aesthetic problem      2185—2187
Aesthetics, mathematics of, complexity, psychological meaning      2187—2188
Aesthetik, Vorschule der (Fechner)      1155
Africa, mathematical learning      100
Age and Achievement (Lehman)      467 fn.
Aggregate, continuous and discrete      557—559
Aggregate, directions      560
Aggregate, n dimensions      655
Aggregate, theory of      1952 2341
Agricola, Georgius, De Re Metallica      923
Ahmes (A‘h-mose)      78
Ahmes (A‘h-mose), arithmetical problems      12—13 2317
Ahmes (A‘h-mose), geometrical analysis      16
Ahmes (A‘h-mose), letter signs      22
Ahmes (A‘h-mose), mathematical competence      171
Ahmes (A‘h-mose), Rhind papyrus      79 170
Ahrens, W., Mathematische Unterhaltungen und Spiele      2417 fn.
Air pumps      854
Air resistance, body shape      886 887
Air resistance, effect on speed      763
Air resistance, falling bodies      761 762
Air resistance, pendulum      977
Air resistance, proportional to surface      953
Air resistance, streamline form      890
Air, characteristic shape      96
Air-to-air combat, exchange rates      2172—2173
Aircraft in Warfare (Lanchester)      2136
Aircraft, antisubmarine      2165—2168
Airplanes, beetle pattern      1020 fn.
Airplanes, gliding flight      1023 1024
Airplanes, size and speed, relation      1019—1020.
Airy, Sir George      268 820
Airy, Sir George, gravitation, law of      827—828 829
Airy, Sir George, Neptune, discovery      835 838
Airy, Sir George, new planet, search for      831—832
Airy, Sir George, Uranus, error of longitude      825 826 828—829
Airy, Sir George, Uranus, error of radius vector      828 829 830 831
Airy, Sir George, “Tides, Theory of the”      1219
Albert of Saxony      728
Alberti, Leone Battista      603 606 607 609 616
Alderson, Sir E.      1178
Alembert, Jean Le Rond d’, parallel axiom      2019
Alembert, Jean Le Rond d’, probability      1329 1367 1371—1372
Alembert, Jean Le Rond d’, quoted      1371—1372
Aleph-null      1594
Alexander II (czar of Russia)      928 929
Alexander of Macedonia      100 117
Alexander VI, Pope      781
Alexander, History of (Anticleides)      189
Alexander, J.W.      339
Alexandria, Egypt      100 102 117 2322
Alexandrian Museum      552
Alexandrian School, Second      109
Algebra and Geometry, Fundamental Concepts (Young)      1616
Algebra, abstract      499
Algebra, axiomatic      1847
Algebra, boolean      1307 1868
Algebra, classification      76 115
Algebra, Diophantus’ invention      16 22 2330
Algebra, division by zero      293 fn.
Algebra, essential idea      1297
Algebra, fundamental theorem      308
Algebra, geometry, application to      61 82 130
Algebra, higher      136
Algebra, Higher (Hall and Knight)      2422 fn.
Algebra, logical      163 397 1780
Algebra, matrices      361—362
Algebra, Modern, A Survey of (Birkhoff and MacLane)      1625 fn.
Algebra, negative quantities      33
Algebra, notation      23—27 31 32 92 120 500 1490 1894
Algebra, propositions      1870
Algebra, quaternions      76 161 162 163
Algebra, reduction and cancellation, science of      117
Algebra, relatives      1587
Algebra, symbolic logic      396 1856
Algebra, symbolical      1856
Algebra, truth-function theory      1739
Algebra, Universal (Whitehead)      396 399
Algebraic curves      131
Algebraic equations      509
Algebraic integers      511
Algebraic invariants      350
Algebraic letters, arguments      411
Algebraic numbers      313 326 499 511—514
Algebraic relations between two worlds      1134
Algebraic spectrum of the quantic      355
Algebraic Theory of Numbers (Weyl)      1831
Algorithm, Euclidean      513
Alkarismi (Mohammed ben Musa)      23
Allman, G.J., Greek Geometry from Thales to Euclid      2324 fn.
Almagest (The Great Compilation), Ptolemy      109
Alphabet, logical      1868
Alphabetical numeration      22 99
Altitude, geometric concept      1835
Altruistic conduct, biological disadvantages      970—971
Amans, P.      1020 fn.
Ampere, Andr6 Marie      465 470
Ampere, Andr6 Marie, curve, slope      1962
Ampere’s Law      1827
Amthor, A.      197 fn. 198
Anagram, priority of Invention, establishing      805
Analogue computers      518
Analogue, two-dimensional      723
Analogy principle, computing automata      2074
Analyse, Cours d’ (Jordan)      589
Analysis situs      334 338 339 570 2330
Analysis, abstractions      1856
Analysis, indeterminate      197 207
Analysis, mathematics      165 299 323—324
Analysis, method of      1988—1992
Analysis, unknown functions      1211—1212
Analyst, The (Berkeley)      286—293
Analytic Engine, digital computer      517 2104 2114
Analytic ethics, constructive program      2206
Analytic functions, complex variable      323
Analytic theory of numbers      499 507 508
Analytical Calculation, Principles of (Woodhouse)      291 fn.
Analytical geometry      17 31—43 56 112 116 129 133 155 235—237 359 411 631
Analytical Society, Cambridge University      517
Analytische Zahlentheorie (Bachmann)      508
Anatolius, Bishop of Laodicea      113
Anaxagoras      78 91
Anaximander      2323
Ancestors, computing number of one’s      2428
Anderson, Janet (Mrs. John Gregory)      139
Andrade, E.N. da Costa, “Isaac Newton”      255—276
Angel flights      1543—1544
Angle, abstract idea      14
Angle, magnitudes      561 563
Angle, measuring      660
Angle, solid      560
Angle, trisecting      90 113 121 139
Angstrom      975 fn.
Anhalt Dessau, Princess of, Euler’s letters to      149
Animal Heat, Theory of (Helmholtz)      643
Animals, attainment of objectives      9
Animals, bilateral symmetry      686—688 707
Animals, counting ability      433 488
Animals, ganglion cell variation      1033—1034
Animals, heat, retaining      955
Animals, leaping power      1013—1015
Animals, learning capacity      489—496
Animals, size      952—956 1025—1026
Animals, skeletal efficiency      1007
Animals, tall land      953
Animals, temperature      1010—1011 1012
Annuity valuation      1416 fn. 1437 1439 1440—1441 1443—1446
Anthony, R.      1029 fn.
Anthropoid apes, ideas, communication of      2362
Anthropology (Tylor)      2351 fn.
Anti-Semitism, poll      1304—1305
Anticleides      189
Antimony, discovery      923
Apes, The Mentality of (Kohler)      2362 fn.
Apollodorus      189
Apollonius of Perga, biography      107
Apollonius of Perga, books      1418
Apollonius of Perga, conic sections      103 107—108 112 126 200—205
Apollonius of Perga, curves      87 163
Apollonius of Perga, locus ad tres et quattuor lineas      108 112 130
Apollonius of Perga, parabola      775 756
Apollonius of Perga, problem of      2001—2002
Apollonius of Perga, shortest distance, point to ellipse      131
Apollonius of Perga, spherical trigonometry      109
Apollonius of Perga, Unordered Irrationals      108
Applied Mathematics, Elements of (Cobb)      72
Applied mathematics, Rhind papyrus      11—12
Approximative calculation      508
Aquinas, Saint Thomas, Platonic Ideas      2018
Arabic notation      13 117 410
Arabic Numerals in Europe, The Development of (Hill)      454 fn.
Arabs, decimal numeration      23 122
Arabs, mathematical science      118
Arabs, mathematical text-books      18
Arabs, numerals      443
Arabs, perspective      605
Arabs, Ptolemy’s astronomy      109
Arago, Francois, Neptune, discovery      835 838—839
Arago, Francois, Uranus, theory of      831
Arbitrary constants      35
Arbitrary functions, co-ordinates, use of      236
Arc, fluent of velocity      58
Archibald, R.C.      718 fn.
Archimedes, axiom      77 99 106 126 152
Archimedes, axioms and postulates      1648
Archimedes, cattle problem      105—106 116 188 197—198 207 418
Archimedes, commentary on      179
Archimedes, death      103—104 179 185
Archimedes, decimal notation      328
Archimedes, differentials      56
Archimedes, distances, expressing      25
Archimedes, earth, diameter      421—425 429
Archimedes, exhaustions, method of      92 2329
Archimedes, floating bodies      199
Archimedes, fractions      172
Archimedes, Hiero’s golden crown      185—186 188
Archimedes, infinitesimals      41 95 163
Archimedes, integral calculus      90 103 104 135
Archimedes, inventions      15
Archimedes, lever, principle      188
Archimedes, mathematics, autonomous science      315 327
Archimedes, Method      94 104
Archimedes, military machines      103 179 180 181—182 187
Archimedes, numbers, orders and periods      425—426
Archimedes, octads      418 426
Archimedes, parabola, quadrature      760—761
Archimedes, Plane Equilibriums, On      195
Archimedes, planetarium      179
Archimedes, planetary motion      421
Archimedes, Platonic philosopher      731 fn.
Archimedes, Plutarch, quoted on      180—185
Archimedes, postulate      1974—1975
Archimedes, pure mathematics      295
Archimedes, results, methods of achieving      105
Archimedes, Sand-Reckoner      106—107 418 420—429 1839
Archimedes, solids, semi-regular      127 207
Archimedes, Sphere-making, On      179
Archimedes, spiral      104 137
Archimedes, sun, diameter      421—425
Archimedes, surface area      1001
Archimedes, The Works of (Heath)      181 fn. 197 198
Archimedes, tomb      184 184 502
Archimedes, Tzetzes quoted on      187
Archimedes, Vitruvius quoted on      185—186
Architecture, bee      1038 1038
Architecture, On (Vitruvius), quoted      185—186
Architecture, symmetry      700 705 713
Architecture, transformation of Renaissance into Baroque      2344
Archytas of Tarentum      14 78 90 96 2324
Archytas of Tarentum, biography      93
Archytas of Tarentum, mechanics      15 94 180
Archytas of Tarentum, music intervals      99—100
Areas, method of application of      86—87 190 205
Arguments, weights of      1365
Aristarchus of Samos, heliocentric world-system      2327 2327 2328
Aristarchus of Samos, planetary motion      104 109 418—419 420
Aristarchus of Samos, sun, diameter      421
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