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Carey F.A. — Organic Chemistry

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Название: Organic Chemistry

Автор: Carey F.A.

Аннотация:

This respected text is based on the Functional Group approach. The text retains the outstanding problems, pedagogy, depth, and prose of the second edition while providing increased emphasis on molecular modeling, a core concept in organic chemistry.

Язык:

Рубрика: Химия/

Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц

ed2k: ed2k stats

Год издания: 2004

Количество страниц: 1191

Добавлена в каталог: 20.04.2006

Операции: Положить на полку | Скопировать ссылку для форума | Скопировать ID

Предметный указатель

Keto-enol isomerism      379 759—761
Keto-enol tautomerism      see “Keto-enol isomerism”
Ketones acidity of      764
Ketones chemical shifts, $\sideset{^1}{}H$ and $\sideset{^{13}}{}C$       738—740
Ketones classification of carbons in      756
Ketones enolization of      757—765 782
Ketones infrared absorption frequencies      561 563 738
Ketones naturally occurring      709
Ketones nomenclature of      705 741
Ketones physical properties of      708
Ketones preparation of      709—712
Ketones preparation of by acetoacetic ester synthesis      894—896 907
Ketones preparation of by decarboxylation of $\beta$ -keto acids      893 905
Ketones preparation of by hydration of alkynes      379—381 385 710
Ketones preparation of by oxidation of secondary alcohols      642 657 710 711
Ketones preparation of by ozonolysis of alkenes      710
Ketones preparation of from nitriles      871—872 877
Ketones reactions of acetal formation      720—723 744
Ketones reactions of acylation via enolate      892—893 906
Ketones reactions of aldol condensation      773 775 783
Ketones reactions of Baeyer — Villiger oxidation      736—738 745 847
Ketones reactions of Clemmensen reduction      486—488 505 713
Ketones reactions of cyanohydrin formation      717—720 743
Ketones reactions of enamine formation      727—728 744
Ketones reactions of halogenation      757—759
Ketones reactions of hydration      712—717 743
Ketones reactions of imine formation      724—727 744
Ketones reactions of reduction      627—631 654 713
Ketones reactions of reductive amination      934—935 957
Ketones reactions of with derivatives of ammonia      727
Ketones reactions of with ester enolates      904
Ketones reactions of with Grignard reagents      596 600 616 713
Ketones reactions of with organolithium reagents      597 616 627 713
Ketones reactions of Wittig reaction      730—734 744
Ketones reactions of Wolff — Kishner reduction      487 713
Ketones spectroscopy      738—741
Ketones structure and bonding      706—708 742
Ketoses      1027 1041 1061
Kevlar      868
Kharasch, Morris S.      242—243
Kiliani — Fischer synthesis      1055—1056 1063
Kinetic control      406—407
Kinetic control addition to $\alpha,\beta$ -unsaturated aldehydes and ketones      778
Kinetic control addition to conjugated dienes      406—407
Kinetic control O-acylation of phenols      1006
Kinetic studies of $\alpha$ -halogenation of aldehydes and ketones      758
Kinetic studies of elimination reactions of alkyl halides      214
Kinetic studies of ester hydrolysis      854
Kinetic studies of nucleophilic aromatic substitution      977
Kinetic studies of nucleophilic substitution      330 339—342 356
Kolbe — Schmitt reaction      1006—1008 1017
Kolbe, Hermann      1006
Kossel, Walther      12
Kratschmer, Wolfgang      436
Krebs cycle      1123—1124
Kroto, Harold W.      436
L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine      1126
L-Arabinose      1030 1055—1056
L-Arginine      1112 1114 1119
L-Arginine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Asparagine      1111 1113 1119
L-Asparagine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Aspartic acid      1112 1115
L-Aspartic acid electrophoresis of      1120—1121
L-Aspartic acid electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Aspartic acid isoelectric point      1118 1119
L-Cysteine      1112 1113 1119
L-Cysteine disulfide formation in      1129 1131—1133 1146
L-Cysteine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Daunosamine      1043
L-DOPA      see “L-3 4-Dihydroxylphenylalanine”
L-Erythrose      1029
L-Glucose      1056
L-Glutamic acid      1112 1114 1119 1123—1125
L-Glutamic acid conversion to glutamine      1163
L-Glutamic acid electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Glutamine      1112 1113 1119
L-Glutamine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Glutamine formation of      1163
L-Glyceraldehyde      1028
L-Histidine      1112 1114 1119
L-Histidine decarboxylation of      1126
L-Histidine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Isoleucine      1111 1113 1119
L-Isoleucine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Leucine      1111 1113 1119
L-Leucine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Lysine      1112 1114
L-Lysine, electrophoresis of      1120—1121
L-Lysine, electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Lysine, isoelectric point      1118 1119
L-Mannose      1056
L-Methionine      687 1111 1119
L-Methionine and protein biosynthesis      1178
L-Methionine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Phenylalanine      1111 1113 1119
L-Phenylalanine in PKU disease      1124—1125
L-Phenylalanine, electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Phenylalanine, N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative      1137—1138
L-proline      1110 1111 1113 1119 1144
L-Proline electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Rhamnonolactone      1063
L-Rhamnose      1063
L-Serine      1112 1113 1119
L-Serine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Threonine      1112 1113 1119
L-Threonine, electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Threose      1029
L-Tryptophan      1111 1113 1119
L-Tryptophan, electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Tyrosine      1111 1113 1119 1124
L-Tyrosine, electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Valine      1111 1113 1119
L-Valine electrostatic potential map      1114
L-Vancosamine      1043
L-Xylulose      1041
Lactams      861—862
Lactase      1048
Lactic acid      792 1069
Lactic acid (S) enantiomer by enzymic reduction of pyruvic acid      735
Lactic acid biological oxidation of      647
Lactones      814—815 845
Lactones formation of by oxidation of carbohydrates      1054
Lactones formation of in Baeyer — Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones      749
Lactose      1048
Lanosterol      1094—1095
Lapworth, Arthur      757
Lauric acid      1073
Lavoisier, Antoine — Laurent      1—2
LDA      see “Lithium diisopropylamide”
Le Bel, Joseph Achille      281
Le Cratelier’s principle      249
Leaving groups and their basicity      330 352
Leaving groups halides      214 326—327 330 356
Leaving groups in nucleophilic aromatic substitution      977
Leaving groups nitrogen of diazonium ions      944
Leaving groups p-toluenesulfonates      350—353
Lecithin      see “Phosphatidylcholine”
Lenthionine      132
Leucine enkephalin      1128—1129
Leukotrienes      1081—1082
Levorotatory      288
Levulinic acid      828
Lewis acid      45—47 143
Lewis acid as electrophile      47 156
Lewis base      45—47 143
Lewis base as nucleophile      157—158 164 336—339
Lewis structural formulas      12—21 47
Lewis structural formulas and resonance      24—27 49
Lewis structural formulas formal charges in      17—21 48

Lewis structural formulas multiple bonding in      14 48
Lewis structural formulas writing of      20 table
Lewis, Gilbert N.      3 12
Lexan      868
Liege rules      78
Limonene      80 285 1089
Linalool      284
Linamarin      1044 1066
Lindlar palladium      374—375 384
Linear $\alpha$ -olefins      610 622 711—712
Linoleic acid      1073 1080
Linolenic acid      1073
Lipids      1069—1108 (see also “Fats”; “Oils”; “Phospholipids”; “Steroids”; “Terpenes”; “Waxes”)
Lipoic acid      132 650
Lipophilic      800
Lipoxygenase      1082
Lister, Joseph      996
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for aldehydes and ketones      628—631 654 713
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for alkyl azides      931 957
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for amides      933 957
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for carboxylic acids      632 654 711 810
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for epoxides      681
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for esters      632 654 848
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for nitriles      932 957
Lithium aluminum hydride, reducing agent for table      654
Lithium dialkylcuprates      see “Lithium diorganocuprates”
Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA)      903—905
Lithium dimethylcuprate      see “Lithium diorganocuprates”
Lithium diorganocuprates conjugate addition to $\alpha,\beta$ -unsaturated ketones      780 784
Lithium diorganocuprates preparation of      602—603 615
Lithium diorganocuprates reactions with alkenyl, alkyl, and aryl halides      603—604 617
Lithium electronegativity      15 588
Lithium hydride, electrostatic potential map of      16
Lithium reaction with alkyl and aryl halides      589—590 615
Lithium reduction of alkynes      376—377
Locant, numerical prefix in IUPAC nomenclature of      72 188
London dispersion forces      see “van der Waals forces”
Lovastatin      1096
Low-density lipoprotein      1096
Lowry, Thomas M.      33
Luciferin      461
Lucite      883
Lycopene      566—567 1100
Lynen, Feodor      1093—1094
m-Cresol      993
m-Cresol $\sideset{^{13}}{}C NMR$ spectrum      551—552 1014—1015
m-Cresol acidity of      998
m-Fluorophenol, bromination      1002
m-Nitroaniline, diazotization of      948 959 960
m-Nitrophenol acidity of      998 999
m-Nitrophenol preparation of      960 1001
m-Xylene      432—433
m-Xylene nitration of      503
Macrolide antibiotics      814
Magnesium, reaction of with alkyl and aryl halides      591—592 615
Magnetic field induced, and nuclear shielding      526—532
Magnetic field strength of      522—523
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)      546
Maleic anhydride      841 842
Maleic anhydride dienophile in Dieis — Alder reaction      410 418
Malonic acid      792
Malonic acid acidity of      804
Malonic acid decarboxylation of      816—818 824
Malonic ester synthesis      897—900 907
Malonyl coenzyme A      1075—1076 1091
Maltase      1047
Maltose      1046—1047 1053
Mandelic acid      792
Markovnikov, Vladimir      237
Markovnikov’s rule      237
Markovnikov’s rule in addition to alkenes      236—241
Markovnikov’s rule in addition to alkynes      377—379 380 385
Mass spectrometer      567—568
Mass spectrometry      567—573 577
Mass spectrometry alcohols      652—653
Mass spectrometry aldehydes and ketones      741
Mass spectrometry amines      953
Mass spectrometry and gas chromatography      572—573
Mass spectrometry carboxylic acid derivatives      873—874
Mass spectrometry ethers      691
Mass spectrometry phenols      1015—1016
Mass-to-charge ratio (m/z)      568
Mauveine      4
Maxam, Allan      1181
Mayo, Frank R.      243
McGwire, Mark      1099
Mechanism      3
Mechanism       378
Mechanism acetal formation      720—721 1044
Mechanism Aldol addition      770
Mechanism Baeyer — Villiger oxidation      737
Mechanism biosynthesis of amino acids by transamination      1125
Mechanism biosynthesis of cholesterol      1093—1095
Mechanism biosynthesis of fatty acids      1075—1077
Mechanism biosynthesis terpenes      1087—1093
Mechanism Birch reduction      440
Mechanism borohydride reduction of aldehydes and ketones      630
Mechanism chlorinination of methane      172—173
Mechanism chromic acid oxidation      643
Mechanism Claisen condensation      888—889
Mechanism Claisen rearrangement      1011—1012
Mechanism cyanohydrin formation      719
Mechanism DCCI promoted peptide bond formation      1140
Mechanism decarboxylation of malonic acid      817
Mechanism dehydration of alcohols      206—208 221—223
Mechanism dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides      214—219 223
Mechanism Dieckmann reaction      890
Mechanism Dieis — Alder reaction      409
Mechanism dimerization of 2-methylpropene      266
Mechanism DNA replication      1172—1174
Mechanism Edman degradation      1133—1135
Mechanism electrophilic addition to alkenes      235—242 246
Mechanism electrophilic aromatic substitution      474—477 508—509
Mechanism electrophilic aromatic substitution bromination, of benzene      481
Mechanism electrophilic aromatic substitution Friedel — Crafts acylation, of benzene      485
Mechanism electrophilic aromatic substitution Friedel — Crafts alkylation, of benzene      482
Mechanism electrophilic aromatic substitution nitration, of benzene      477—478
Mechanism electrophilic aromatic substitution sulfonation, of benzene      478
Mechanism elimination E1      206—208 217—219
Mechanism elimination E2      206—208 214—217 223 348—350
Mechanism enamine formation      727
Mechanism enol conversion to ketone      380
Mechanism enolization      760 763
Mechanism epoxidation      262
Mechanism epoxide ring opening      680 682
Mechanism esterification      812-813
Mechanism ether cleavage      675
Mechanism ether formation      637
Mechanism free-radical addition of hydrogen bromide to alkenes      242—245 274
Mechanism glycosidation      1045
Mechanism halogenation $\alpha$ , of aldehydes and ketones      757—761
Mechanism halogenation addition to alkenes      256—259 307—310
Mechanism halogenation allylic, of alkenes      396—398
Mechanism halogenation bromination, of benzene      481
Mechanism halogenation chlorination, of methane      172—173
Mechanism halohydrin formation      259—260
Mechanism hydration of aldehydes and ketones      716—718
Mechanism hydration of alkenes      249
Mechanism hydration of alkynes      380
Mechanism hydride reduction of aldehydes and ketones      628—631
Mechanism hydroboration-oxidation      252—254
Mechanism hydrogen halide addition to alkenes      235—242 297—298
Mechanism hydrogenation of alkenes      232
Mechanism hydrolysis of acyl chlorides      840
Mechanism hydrolysis of amides      862—867
Mechanism hydrolysis of carboxylic acid anhydrides      844
Mechanism hydrolysis of esters      849—852
Mechanism hydrolysis of nitriles      870—871
Mechanism hydrolysis saponification      852—856
Mechanism imine formation      725

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