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Íàçâàíèå: Microelectronic circuits
Àâòîðû: Sedra A.S., Smith K.C.
Àííîòàöèÿ:
The book starts with an introduction to the basic concepts of electronics in Chapter 1. Signals, their frequency spectra, and their analog and digital forms are presented. Amplifiers are introduced as circuit building blocks and their various types and models are studied. The basic element of digital electronics, the digital logic inverter, is defined in terms of its voltage-transfer characteristic, and its various implementations using voltage and current switches are discussed. This chapter also establishes some of the terminology and conventions used throughout the text.
The next four chapters are devoted to the study of electronic devices and basic circuits and constitute the bulk of Part I of the text. Chapter 2 deals with operational amplifiers, their terminal characteristics, simple applications, and limitations. We have chosen to discuss the op amp as a circuit building block at this early stage simply because it is easy to deal with and because the student can experiment with op-amp circuits that perform nontrivial tasks with relative ease and with a sense of accomplishment. We have found this approach to be highly motivating to the student. We should point out. however, that pan or all of this chapter can be skipped and studied at a later stage (for instance in conjunction with Chapter 7, Chapter 8, and/or Chapter 9) with no loss of continuity.
Oscillators, linear oscillators11201166—1171 Oscillators, op amp-RC oscillator circuits1171—11791220—1222 Oscillators, oscillation criterion1167—1168 Oscillators, phase shift oscillator1174—1175 Oscillators, quadrature oscillators1175—1177 Oscillators, ring oscillators1027 Oscillators, self-limiting oscillators1180 Oscillators, sinusoidal oscillators11201166—1171 Oscillators, sustained oscillations1168 Oscillators, Wien-bridge oscillators1171—11741215—1217 Output stages and power amplifiers1229—1283 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage1231—12351277—1278 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage, instantaneous-power dissipations1233 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage, overviews and summaries1231 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage, power conversion efficiencies1235 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage, power dissipations1233—1234 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage, problems1277—1278 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage, signal waveforms1233 Output stages and power amplifiers, class A output stage, transfer characteristics1231—1233 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage1241—12491256—12611270—12711278—1281 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, multipliers biasing1246—1249 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, circuit biasing1244—1249 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, circuit operations1242—1243 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, compound devices1257—1259 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, configuration variations1256—1261 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, diode biasing1244—1246 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, input emitter followers1256—1257 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, MOSFETs1270—1271 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, output resistance1243—1244 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, overviews and summaries1241—1242 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, problems1278—1281 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, short circuit protections1259—1260 Output stages and power amplifiers, class AB output stage, thermal shutdowns1260 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage1235—12411278 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, circuit operations1236 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, crossover distortions12361240 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, dead bands1236 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, overviews and summaries1235—1236 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, power conversion efficiencies1236—1238 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, power dissipations1238—1240 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, problems1235—12411278 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, push pull operations1236 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, single supply operations1240—1241 Output stages and power amplifiers, class B output stage, transfer characteristics1236 Output stages and power amplifiers, classifications1230—1231 Output stages and power amplifiers, dc offset voltage720—723 Output stages and power amplifiers, IC power amplifiers1261—12661281—1282 Output stages and power amplifiers, IC power amplifiers, bridge amplifiers1265—1266 Output stages and power amplifiers, IC power amplifiers, fixed gain amplifiers1261—1265 Output stages and power amplifiers, IC power amplifiers, overviews and summaries1261 Output stages and power amplifiers, IC power amplifiers, power op amps1265 Output stages and power amplifiers, IC power amplifiers, problems1281—1282 Output stages and power amplifiers, junction temperatures1229—1230 Output stages and power amplifiers, MOS power transistors1266—12711282—1283 Output stages and power amplifiers, MOS power transistors, overviews1266 Output stages and power amplifiers, MOS power transistors, problems1282—1283 Output stages and power amplifiers, overviews and summaries1229—12301276—1277 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs1249—12561279—1280 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, heat sinks1251—1254 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, junction temperatures1249 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, overviews and summaries1249 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, power dissipations vs. temperatures1250—1251 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, power transistor parameter values1255 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, problems1279—1280 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, second breakdown limits1255 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, SOAs1254—1255 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, thermal resistances1249—1250 Output stages and power amplifiers, power BJTs, transistor cases1251—1254 Output stages and power amplifiers, power MOSFETs1266—1270 Output stages and power amplifiers, power MOSFETs, characteristics1268—1269 Output stages and power amplifiers, power MOSFETs, structures1266—1267 Output stages and power amplifiers, power MOSFETs, temperature effects1269 Output stages and power amplifiers, power MOSFETs, vs. BJTs1269—1270 Output stages and power amplifiers, problems1277—1283 Output stages and power amplifiers, SPICE simulations1271—1276 Output stages and power amplifiers, THD1229—1230 Output stages and power amplifiers, voltage decays994 Overdrive factors250—251403 Overlap capacitances321 Overviews and summaries, 741 op amp circuits893 Overviews and summaries, amplifiers13—23 Overviews and summaries, bias and biasing19—22436 Overviews and summaries, BiCMOS digital circuits9521067 Overviews and summaries, bistable multivibrators1185 Overviews and summaries, BJT amplifiers and switches407—410 Overviews and summaries, BJT differential pairs704 Overviews and summaries, BJT structures and operations378—380 Overviews and summaries, BJTs377—378 Overviews and summaries, breakdown regions203—204 Overviews and summaries, cascode amplifiers613—614 Overviews and summaries, CC amplifiers478—483 Overviews and summaries, class A output stage1231 Overviews and summaries, class AB output stage1241—1242 Overviews and summaries, class B output stage1235—1236 Overviews and summaries, CMOS digital logic inverters336—337346 Overviews and summaries, current-mirror circuits649 Overviews and summaries, current-voltage characteristics248260—262407 Overviews and summaries, data converter circuits871—872922—925940—941 Overviews and summaries, differential and multistage amplifiers687—688773—775 Overviews and summaries, digital logic inverters40—41503—504 Overviews and summaries, diode operations190 Overviews and summaries, diodes139—140217—218 Overviews and summaries, dynamic logic circuits991—992998 Overviews and summaries, ECL1052—10531066—1067 Overviews and summaries, electronics5—650—51 Overviews and summaries, fabrication technologyA1 Overviews and summaries, feedback791—792859—860 Overviews and summaries, filter transfer functions1088—1091 Overviews and summaries, filters and tuned amplifiers1083—10841158 Overviews and summaries, finite open-loop gain effects89 Overviews and summaries, first-order and second-order (biquadratic) filter functions1098 Overviews and summaries, folded cascade CMOS op amps883 Overviews and summaries, forward characteristics153165—166 Overviews and summaries, forward-bias conditions204—206 Overviews and summaries, frequency compensation849—850 Overviews and summaries, high-frequency responses571—572 Overviews and summaries, integrators and differentiators105 Overviews and summaries, internal capacitances320—321485—486 Overviews and summaries, inverted op amps68—69 Overviews and summaries, inverters955 Overviews and summaries, large signal operations94 Overviews and summaries, latches and flip-flops1014 Overviews and summaries, limiting and clamping circuits184 Overviews and summaries, logic-circuit families950 Overviews and summaries, logic-gate circuits963 Overviews and summaries, loop gain determinations831 Overviews and summaries, memory and advanced digital circuits1013—10141076—1077 Overviews and summaries, monostable multivibrators1196—1198 Overviews and summaries, MOS differential pairs688—689 Overviews and summaries, MOS power transistors1266 Overviews and summaries, multistage amplifiers749 Overviews and summaries, negative (degenerative) feedback properties795 Overviews and summaries, network theorems, CI nonlinear waveform shaping circuits1203 Overviews and summaries, op amp-RC oscillator circuits1171 Overviews and summaries, op amps63—64122—123871—872940—941 Overviews and summaries, open circuit conditions196—197208—209 Overviews and summaries, pn‚ junctions190 Overviews and summaries, poles836 Overviews and summaries, power amplifiers1261 Overviews and summaries, power BJTs1249 Overviews and summaries, precision rectifier circuits1206—1207 Overviews and summaries, precision rectifiers1206—12141227—1228 Overviews and summaries, pseudo-NMOS logic circuits974980—982 Overviews and summaries, PTL circuits982—983991 Overviews and summaries, RAM memory cells1031 Overviews and summaries, rectifier circuits141—144171—172 Overviews and summaries, reverse bias conditions199—200 Overviews and summaries, ROMs1046—1047 Overviews and summaries, s domain analysesE1—E2 Overviews and summaries, second order active filters1125
Overviews and summaries, second order LCRs1106 Overviews and summaries, semiconductors192 Overviews and summaries, sensitivity1135—1136 Overviews and summaries, series-series feedback amplifiers815—818 Overviews and summaries, series-shunt feedback amplifiers807—810 Overviews and summaries, shunt-series feedback amplifiers818—819 Overviews and summaries, shunt-shunt feedback amplifiers818—819 Overviews and summaries, signal generators and waveform shaping circuits1165—11661219—1220 Overviews and summaries, signals6—7 Overviews and summaries, single-amplifier biquadratic active filters1125—1126 Overviews and summaries, single-stage amplifiers460483—485 Overviews and summaries, single-stage IC amplifiers545—546665—666 Overviews and summaries, single-stage MOS amplifiers299318—320 Overviews and summaries, sinusoidal oscillators1166 Overviews and summaries, small-signal operations443458—459 Overviews and summaries, special type diodes209 Overviews and summaries, square and triangular waveforms1192 Overviews and summaries, standardized pulse generation1196 Overviews and summaries, STC circuitsD1 Overviews and summaries, switched capacitor filters1136—1137 Overviews and summaries, switches270—271 Overviews and summaries, terminal junction characteristics147—148 Overviews and summaries, theorems, CI timers1198 Overviews and summaries, tuned amplifiers1141—1143 Overviews and summaries, two-port network parametersB1—B2 Overviews and summaries, two-stage CMOS op amps872 Overviews and summaries, VLSIsA1 Overviews and summaries, zener (breakdown) diodes167171 OxidationA2—A3A7 p- vs. n-type doped semiconductors194—195 p-base resistorsA11 p-channels247—248256—258 p-type silicon209 Packaging, fabrication technologiesA4 Pairs, bipolar pairs725—726 Pairs, conjugate pairsE2 Pairs, differential pairs688—720775—780 Pairs, MOS differential pairs688—704775—776 Pairs, transistors641—649 Panel tuned (tank) circuits1179—1180 Parallel (flash) converters932 Parameters, body effect parameters259 Parameters, power transistor parameters1255 Parameters, process transconductance parameters245 Parameters, two-port network parametersB1—B7 Parameters, y parametersB2—B3 Parameters, z parametersB3—B4 Passing signals1085 Passive LC (liquid crystal) filters1083—1084 Passive sensitivities1134—1135 PD (pull down) switches44—45 PDNs (pull down networks)973—974 Peak detectors1821213—1214 Peak rectifier circuits177—183 Phases32845—8479921174—1175 Phases, evaluations992 Phases, margins845—847 Phases, phase shift oscillators1174—1175 Phases, precharge phases992 Phases, responses32 Photocurrents210—211 photolithographyA4 Photonics210 Piecewise linear models141155—157166 Pinched base resistorsA11 PIV (peak inverse voltage)173—174 PMOS transistors (p channel enhancement type MOSFETs)247—248963—966 PN junctions196—209 pn junctions, BJTs379 pn junctions, breakdown regions203—204 pn junctions, breakdown regions, avalanche effects203 pn junctions, breakdown regions, overviews and summaries203—204 pn junctions, diodesA9 pn junctions, diodes, fabrication technologyA9 pn junctions, diodes, VLSIsA9 pn junctions, forward bias conditions204—208 pn junctions, forward bias conditions, current-voltage relationships205—206 pn junctions, forward bias conditions, diffusion capacitances206—208 pn junctions, forward bias conditions, junction capacitances206—208 pn junctions, forward bias conditions, overviews and summaries204—206 pn junctions, open circuit conditions196—199 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, barriers198 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, built-in voltage198—199 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, carrier depletion regions (space charge regions)197—199 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, diffusion currents197 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, drift currents198 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, equilibrium198 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, overviews and summaries196—197208—209 pn junctions, open circuit conditions, uncovered charges197 pn junctions, overviews and summaries190 pn junctions, reverse-bias conditions199—203 pn junctions, reverse-bias conditions, depletion (junction) capacitances200—203 pn junctions, reverse-bias conditions, overviews and summaries199—200 pn junctions, semiconductors190—199 PNP transistors391—392A10—A11 POINTS19162419 Points, dc bias points19 Points, EOS points419 Points, operating points19 Points, quiescent points19162 Poles, all pole filters1090 Poles, amplifiers836—845869—870 Poles, dominant poles91 Poles, frequencies1102 Poles, overviews and summariesE2 Poles, pole Q (pole quality factors)1102 Poles, single pole models91 Poles, splitting852—855 Poles, transfer function poles1088 Positive (regenerative) feedback68—697921166 Power, dissipations45—48962—9631233—1251 Power, dissipations, class A output stage1233—1234 Power, dissipations, dynamic dissipations46962—963 Power, dissipations, instantaneous power dissipations1233 Power, dissipations, overviews and summaries45—48953—954 Power, dissipations, power conversion efficiency1235—1238 Power, dissipations, static dissipations46 Power, dissipations, vs. temperature1250—1251 Power, DP products342—343954 Power, gain15—16 Power, MOS power transistors1266—12711282—1283 Power, power amplifiers141249—1282 Power, power amplifiers, BJT amplifiers1249—12561279—1280 Power, power amplifiers, IC amplifiers1261—12661281—1282 Power, power amplifiers, MOSFET amplifiers1266—1270 Power, power amplifiers, overviews and summaries14 Power, power supplies16—18162797 Power, power supplies, hums797 Power, power supplies, overviews and summaries16—18162797 Power, power supplies, ripples162 Power, power transformers171—172 Preamplifiers14797 Precharge phases992 Precision circuits183—1841214 Precision circuits, clamping circuits1214 Precision circuits, half-wave circuits183—184 Precision peak detectors1213—1214 Precision rectifiers1206—12141227—1228 Precision rectifiers, bridge rectifiers1212—1213 Precision rectifiers, full-wave rectifiers1210—1212 Precision rectifiers, half wave1207—1208 Precision rectifiers, overviews and summaries1206—12141227—1228 Prefixes, unitG1—G2 Primary windings171—172 Problems 741 op amp circuits893—899942—946 Problems, amplifier poles836—845869—870 Problems, amplifiers55—61 Problems, answers (selected)H1—H8 Problems, bias and biasing528—530 Problems, BiCMOS digital circuits1082
multipliers biasing 
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