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Zel'dovich Ya.B., Raizer Yu.P. — Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena (vol. 2)
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Íàçâàíèå: Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena (vol. 2)Àâòîðû: Zel'dovich Ya.B., Raizer Yu.P. Àííîòàöèÿ: The physical and chemical processes occurring in gases at high temperatures are the focus of this outstanding text by two distinguished physicists. They discuss essential physical influences on the dynamics and thermodynamics of continuous media, combining material from such disciplines as gas dynamics, shock-wave theory, thermodynamics and statistical physics, molecular physics, spectroscopy, radiation theory, astrophysics, solid-state physics, and other fields. Originally published in two volumes
ßçûê: Ðóáðèêà: Ôèçèêà /Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö ed2k: ed2k stats Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1967Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 478Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 11.10.2005Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
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Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü
Multiple shock compression, photoionization 267 Multiple shock compression, statistical weight, ground state 182 Mustel’, E.P. 107 423 Myers, H. 201[14] 218[14] 425 Na see “Sodium” Na, cross section for photoprocesses 404 Na, photoionization 267 268 NaCl see “Sodium chloride” Nadezhin, D.K. 636 873 Narasimha, R. 577[24] 872 Natural line width 114 285 292 Ne, excitation of 391 Ne, ionization of 389 Neal, R.A. 415[72] 438 513[87] 514[87] 869 Nechaev, M.N. 807 807[27] 880 Negative ions, photon absorption by see “Photodetachment” Nelson, W.C. (ed.) 504[92] 870 Nemchinov, I.V. 106 423(2) 678 874 Nernst theorem 230 690 691 Niblett, G.B.F. 513[40 79] 867 869 Nicholls, R.W. 321[22] 430 Nikitin, E.E. 368 436 Nikol’skii, G.M. 392[79] 396[79] 439 NO, absorption by 324 NO, absorption coefficients 324 NO, activation energy for decomposition 378 NO, activation energy for formation 377 378 NO, concentration in air 190 NO, dissociation energy 184 NO, doublet splitting, ground state 182 NO, electronic states and band systems 305 314 319—321 324 NO, first excited electronic state, energy 182 NO, formation in dissociated air 187 NO, formation of 189 374—378 NO, formation of in strong explosions 564—571 NO, Frank — Condon factors for 319 320 NO, ionization of 389 NO, ionization potential 385 NO, oscillator strength 333 334 NO, potential curves 314 NO, reaction rate constant for formation of 191 NO, relaxation time in formation of 378 NO, rotational energy 178 NO, statistical weight, ground state 182 NO, vibrational energy 178 NO, vibrational relaxation in shock waves 498 Nonequilibrium gasdynamics 547—564 (see also “Relaxation”) Nonequilibrium gasdynamics, state variables 549 Nonlinear heat conduction 654 ff. (see also “Thermal wave”) Nonlinear heat conduction in moving media 676—678 Nonlinear heat conduction with power law 655 656 Nonlinear heat conduction, dipole solution 674—676 Nonlinear heat conduction, electron 520 521 Nonuniformly heated body, radiation from 138 Nonuniformly heated body, radiation spectrum 139 140 Normal stress 732 Norman, G.E. 276 276[55] 303[49 52] 332[56] 335[58] 429(2) 432(5) Nova outbursts 572 (see also “Supernovae explosions Novikov, S.A. 757 761[38] 762[38] 877 Nozdrev, V.F. 555[6] 871 Nuclei for condensation see “Condensation centers” Nuclei for condensation, absorption coefficients 334 Nuclei for condensation, concentration in ionized air 197 Nuclei for condensation, cross section for photoprocesses 404 Nuclei for condensation, first excited electronic state, energy 182 Nuclei for condensation, ground triplet state, energy spacing 182 Nuclei for condensation, ionization of 389 Nuclei for condensation, ionization potential 192 385 Nuclei for condensation, photoionization 267 268 Nuclei for condensation, statistical weight, ground state 182 Okhotsimskii, D.E. 99[10] 423 Olfe, D.B. 332[46] 432 One-sided integrated radiant energy flux, equilibrium radiation 117 118 One-sided spectral radiant energy flux, equilibrium radiation 117 118 spectral”) Optical characteristics 110 Optical pyrometry 245 598 770 771 Optical thickness 111 135 151 532 Optically thick body 135 136 Optically thin body 135 137 Orbital quantum number 306 Oscillator strength 290—292 Oscillator strength for the continuum 298—300 Oscillator strength, hydrogen-like atoms 296 297 Oscillator strength, molecular transitions 321—323 332 Oscillator strength, negative, for emission 291 Oscillator, bound electron as 284—286 Osipov, A.I. 234[2 19] 239[2 19] 243[2 19] 353 356[14] 358 359[77] 361[5] 362[5 66 77] 366 367[5 76 77] 368[5 77] 427 428 434 435 436 438 439(2) 498 502[31 90] 505[90] 866 870 Overlapping of spectral lines 294 Overtaking unloading method 749 Oxidation of nitrogen 189 191 374—382 Oxidation of nitrogen in strong explosions 564—571 Oxidation of nitrogen, rate of 377 570 571 p, u diagrams 90 91 p, V diagrams 55—69 Palmer, H.B. 368[35] 436 502[30] 866 Paolucci, D. 476[10] 864 Partial pressures 186 Partition functions 179—182 (see also “Electronic” “Rotational” “Vibrational Partition functions, activated complex 372 373 Partition functions, free electron 194 Partition functions, harmonic oscillator 181 Partition functions, m-ion 194 Partition functions, monatomic gas 182 Pashinin, P.P. 338[70 71] 343[71] 344[71] 347[71] 433(2) Patch, R.W. 368[69] 438 502[67] 868 Patrick, R.M. 242 428 Pauli exclusion principle 220 701 Pavlovskii, M.N. 685[5] 692 722[5] 724[5] 730[5] 731[5] 779[5] 780[5] 781[5] 875 PB see “Lead” Pease, R.N. (ed.) 234[3] 243[3] 427 Peclet number 72 Peebles, G.H. 231[33] 427 703[19] 876 Pekeris, C.L. 266[4] 428 Peng, T.C. 515[83] 869 Penner, S.S. 234[1] 243[1] 281[50] 323[25] 332[47] 427 430 431 432(2) Perfect black body 118 Perfect gas 3 183 Perfect gas, constant specific heats 176—178 Peterson, E.L. 745[30] 751 756[30] 876 Petralia, S. 353[10] 435 Petschek, H. 391[50] 421[50] 437 505 507 508 510 510[35] 511 512[35] 866 Phase transition of solids 69 750—762 Phase transition of solids, relaxation 753 Phase transitions of the first kind 751 (see also “Polymorphic transformations”) Phosphorous, black 781 Photochronogram 783 Photodetachment 268 photoelectric effect 113 114 Photoexcitation 406 Photoionization 112 264—269 384 385 402—406 Photoionization, cross section 265 266 Photon absorption 110 Photon absorption in air 603—606 Photon and electron collision processes, relation between 256 Photon distribution function 108 Photon emission, probability of 119 Photon gas 116 Photon lifetime 111 Photon mean free path 111 (see also “Radiation mean free path”) Photon mean free path in air 605 607 611 Photon mean free path, absorption 115 Photon mean free path, scattering 15 Photon number as invariant of electromagnetic field 172—175 Photon scattering 110 Photorecombination 112 384 385 402—406 Photospheres see “Stellar photospheres” Pikel’ner, S.B. 515 869 Pilipetskii, N.F. 341 434 Pinch effect 242 Pipkin, A.C. 513[77] 869 Pitaevskii, L.P. 407 409 411[87 88] 412 412[87 88] 439(2) Plakhov, A.G. 686[12] 875 Planck constant 441 881 Planck distribution function 121 Planck function 116 Planck mean free path 166 Plane heat source, linear conduction 657—659 Plane heat source, nonlinear conduction 660 663—668 Plane photosphere problem 158—164 Planet, W. 332[32] 335[32] 431 Plasma relaxation in shock waves 515—526 Plasmas, polarization in 509 522—526 Plasmas, relaxation in 416—421 515—526 Plastic state 737—741 Plastic wave 745 746 Plastic wave speed 743 Pleshanov, A.S. 188[5] 191[5] 425 Point explosion 93 (see also “Strong explosion”) Point explosion with counterpressure 99—101 Point heat source, nonlinear conduction 668—672 Point impact 839 Poisson’s adiabatics see “Isentropes” Poisson’s equation with spherical symmetry 224 Poisson’s ratio 734 737 742 Polarization of a plasma 509 522—526 Poltavchenko, D.S. 242 427 Polyatomic molecules, dissociation 183 Polyatomic molecules, linear 178 Polyatomic molecules, nonlinear 178 Polymorphic transformations 69 751 752 Popov, N.A. 792[18] 799 832 832[18] 879 Popova, L.T. 692[15] 731 875 Population inversion 123 Porous media, gas flow in 657 Porous media, shock waves in 712—716 Porous media, strong explosions in 846—849 Potassium, degeneracy temperature 701 Potential energy of a solid 689—705 Potential pressure 225—227 Poynting vector 108 169 Poynting — Robertson effect 596 Prandtl front thickness 82 Prandtl number 471 Precursor wave 745 Predvoditelev, A.S., et al 187[3] 191[3] 424 Preheating layer 661 662 Preheating layer, electron heat conduction 518—520 Preheating layer, radiation 529—537 539 542 601 Preheating temperature 529 530 536 601 Pressman, A.Ya. 577[25] 872 Pressure diffusion 483 Pressure diffusion with viscous stress 484 Pressure from Coulomb interactions 217 Pressure in condensed media 686 687 694 699 Pressure, approximate relation for, with multiple ionization 205 Pressure, degenerate electron gas 220 Pressure, electronic 703—705 Pressure, ionized gas 193 Pressure, radiation see “Radiation pressure” Priming electrons 340 384 401 Priming electrons in shock waves 505 506 510 513 Probability of atomic transitions 288—292 Probability of molecular transitions 316—321 Probstein, R.F. 525 870 Prokhindeev, A.V. 338[70] 433 Prokhorov, A.M. 338[71] 343[71] 344[71] 347[71] 433 Prokof’ev, V.A. 213 426 Proton mass 441 881 Puckett, A.E. 476[7] 864 Quantum numbers, molecular 304 306—308 316 Quasi-energy 125 Quasi-equilibrium 120 Quasi-momentum 126 Rabinovich, M.S. 343[74] 433 Radiant energy conservation 130 Radiant heat exchange in a fluid 141—144 Radiating layer 139 540 602 610 644 645 774—776 Radiation 107 ff. 246 Radiation continuity equation 130 145 Radiation cooling of air 626—634 Radiation energy 168 197 Radiation energy in shock waves 526 543—546 Radiation energy losses 164—168 Radiation entropy see “Entropy of radiation” Radiation from a plane layer 135—137 Radiation from accelerated electron 249 Radiation front 613 Radiation heat conduction approximation 151—156 163 164 654—656 Radiation heat conduction approximation in shock waves 540 Radiation in shock waves 526—546 Radiation in shock waves with radiation pressure 543—546 Radiation in shock waves, critical case 530 536 Radiation in shock waves, subcritical case 529 535—539 Radiation in shock waves, supercritical case 530 539—543 Radiation intensity see “Spectral radiation intensity” Radiation mean free path, averaged for optically thick body see “Rosseland mean free path” Radiation mean free path, averaged for optically thin body see “Planck mean free path” Radiation mean free path, power-law relation 655 678 Radiation momentum see “Momentum density of radiation” Radiation pressure 142 168 172 197 Radiation pressure in shock waves 526 543—546 Radiation pressure, isotropic field 117 Radiation specific heat 654 Radiation spectrum 108 Radiation spectrum, optically thick body 167 Radiation spectrum, optically thin body 167 Radiation thermal conductivity coefficient 153 654—657 Radiation thermal conductivity coefficient, power-law relation 655 Radiation thermal diffusivity coefficient 655 Radiation wave 344 348 Radiation, equilibrium see “Equilibrium radiation” Radiative capture see “Electron capture” Radiative emission in spectral lines 300—303 Radiative equilibrium in a star 157—164 817 Radiative transfer 107 Radiative transfer equation 128—130 132 Radiative transfer equation in shock waves 532 533 Radiative transfer equation, quasi-steady 133 Raizer, Yu.P. 201[15] 206[15] 210[16] 257[61] 276[18] 280[18] 281[62] 337[39] 338[38 71] 343[62 71 77] 344[71 77] 347[71 77] 348[77 86] 379[41] 380[41] 413[90] 423 425(2) 429 431(2) 432 433(3) 434 436 439 527[47-49] 531[48] 538[47] 566[13] 570[13] 577[17 26 27] 579[28] 581[28] 583[28] 584[28] 591[19 20] 593[19] 594[19] 596[19] 600[2-4] 610[4] 618[14 15] 625[15] 627[16 17] 638[16 17] 642[16] 646[17] 649[17] 773[43] 839[20] 843[20] 851[31] 854[30] 859[31] 862 863[32] 867(3) 871(4) 872(6) 873(4) 877 879 880(3) Rakhmatulin, Kh.A. 744 876 Rakhmatulin, Kh.A. (ed.) 234[4] 238[4] 239[4] 243[4] 427 Ramsden, S.A. 338[69] 344[69] 344 347[69] 433 434 Ramstetter, Dr.-Ing. 379[44] 437 Rarefaction shock waves 59—62 757—762 Rarefaction shock waves with anomalous thermodynamic properties 67—69 Rarefaction shock waves, collision of 761 Rarefaction wave 33—37 (see also “Centered rarefaction wave”) Rarefaction wave, attainable states 62 Rarefaction wave, cylindrically symmetric 43 Rarefaction wave, spherically symmetric 43 Rate equations 550 Rate equations, vibrational relaxation 550 Rate of excitation or deexcitation see “Relaxation” Ratio of specific heats 4 (see also “Specific heat ratio”) Rayleigh problem 807—810 Rayleigh — Jeans law 116 Rayleigh — Jeans region of spectrum 122 Rayleigh, Lord 81 477 807 865 878 Rb, photoionization 267 268 RbH, potential curves 319 Re-radiation 129 Reaction rate by activated complex method 372 (see also “Chemical reactions” “Relaxation”) Recombination 382 387 577 578 “Ionization”) Recombination by three-body collisions 406—413 Recombination coefficient 387 578 579 Recombination rate 388 395 578 579 Recombination, diffusion model for 408—412 Recombination, impact-radiative 413 Recombination, kinetics of 574 575 578—585 Recombination, molecular 364—368 387
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