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Barrow J.D., Tipler F.J. — Anthropic Cosmological Principle
Barrow J.D., Tipler F.J. — Anthropic Cosmological Principle



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Название: Anthropic Cosmological Principle

Авторы: Barrow J.D., Tipler F.J.

Аннотация:

Ever since Copernicus, scientists have continually adjusted their view of human nature, moving it further and further from its ancient position at the center of Creation. But in recent years, a startling new concept has evolved that places it more firmly than ever in a special position. Known as the Anthropic Cosmological Principle, this collection of ideas holds that the existence of intelligent observers determines the fundamental structure of the Universe. In its most radical version, the Anthropic Principle asserts that "intelligent information-processing must come into existence in the Universe, and once it comes into existence, it will never die out."
This wide-ranging and detailed book explores the many ramifications of the Anthropic Cosmological Principle, covering the whole spectrum of human inquiry from Aristotle to Z bosons. Bringing a unique combination of skills and knowledge to the subject, John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler—two of the world's leading cosmologists—cover the definition and nature of life, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, and the interpretation of the quantum theory in relation to the existence of observers.
The book will be of vital interest to philosophers, theologians, mathematicians, scientists, and historians, as well as to anyone concerned with the connection between the vastness of the universe of stars and galaxies and the existence of life within it on a small planet out in the suburbs of the Milky Way.


Язык: en

Рубрика: Физика/

Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц

ed2k: ed2k stats

Год издания: 1986

Количество страниц: 726

Добавлена в каталог: 08.04.2009

Операции: Положить на полку | Скопировать ссылку для форума | Скопировать ID
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Предметный указатель
Closed universes, lifetime calculation      376
Closed universes, long-lived, cosmological expansion of      650
Closed universes, long-lived, timescales of      653—654
Closed universes, small, near final singularity, timescales of      647
Closed universes, telelogical prediction      153
Closed universes, time-evolution of expansion scale factor in      376
Closure of Universe, teleological arguments for      153 675
Clustering      377—378 415
Co-operative behaviour      100—102
Cocke-Wheeler cosmological model      674
Coincidences, elemental properties      124 143 252—253
Coincidences, large number      11 219—231 246—247
Cold bodies, planets as      328 340
Coleman-Weinberg interaction potential      432 435
Collins, C.B., on isotropy of Universe      419 423 426
Collins, C.B., on special initial conditions for evolution of Universe      250
Colonization (of space)      580 584—586
Colonization theories/models, diffusion model      585
Colonization theories/models, MacArthur-Wilson colonization theory      584 585
Colonization, motivations for      593—600
Colour charge (of quarks)      355 356
Communications region, far future of Universe      668
Communications, interstellar      577
Communications, motivations for      590—593
Comparative Advantage, (economic) Theory of      596
Complexity theory (of ecologists)      141
Compton scattering      299
Computer hardware, human brain compared with      136 137
Computer hardware, living body compared to      75 659
Computer program, human being as      659
Computer program, self-reproducing      522
Computer program, telelogical explanation      75
Computer program, Universe as      9 125
Computer speeds      136 206n 662
Computer technology, necessary for interstellar communication/exploration      577 578
Conformal diagrams      see “Penrose diagrams”
Conformal time      442 491
Confucianism      98—99
Confucius, quoted      98
Consciousness, collapsing wave functions      468 469
Consciousness, meaning of word      469 507n
Consciousness, necessary to bring Cosmos into existence      471
Consequences, as coincidences      12
Constants of nature      5 see
Constants of Nature, constrainted by self-selection effect      5
Constants of Nature, effects of small changes      254
Constants of Nature, statistical basis      253—254 257
Contingency argument      104—106
Continuous creation theories, of Jordan      235
Convergent evolution      132
Cooke, Josiah      88—89 118n
Copenhagen interpretation      458 459
Copenhagen Interpretation, contrary-to-common-sense nature highlighted by EPR experiment      463
Copenhagen Interpretation, von Neumann's axioms for      464—465
Copenhagen Interpretation, wave function collapse required by      459 466 467 496
Copernican system      496
Copernician Principle      1 501 502 503
Copernician Principle, ETI justified by      600—601
Copernician Principle, Weak Anthropic Principle resulting in      4
Copernicus satellite/probe      379
Copernicus, Nicolas      49—50
Copleston, F. C, debate with Bertrand Russell      103 107—108
Cosmic epochs concept, of A.N. Whitehead      192
Cosmic teleology, defended by Peacocke and Mascall      183
Cosmic teleology, developed by Tennant      181—182
Cosmic teleology, notion introduced by Pringle-Pattison      181
Cosmogonic Philosophy      158
Cosmological arguments, and design arguments      103—109
Cosmological constant      225 234 412—424
Cosmological constant, anthropic limit for      414
Cosmological constant, effects on information processing      668—669
Cosmological models, closed universe      622
Cosmological models, cyclic models      616
Cosmological models, ever-expanding universe      623
Cosmological models, evolving models      616
Cosmological models, open universe      622
Cosmological models, recollapsing universe      623
Cosmological models, unchanging models      616
Cosmology, anthropic principles in      367—449
Costs, interstellar exploration      581—583
Costs, von Neumann probes      582—583 591—592
Covalent bonds      300 301 526
Cowper, William, quoted      220
Crane, S., quoted      166
Creation 'out of nothing'      440—444
Creation interpretation, Second Law of Thermodynamics      176 177
Croll, James, estimate of Earth's age      163
Crucial steps, in evolution of Man      562—564
Cudworth's 'plastic nature' concept      59
Cultural imperialism      596
Cummings, E. E., quoted      497
Cyclops project      577
D'Alembert, Jean      65
D'Alembert, quoted      103
D'Alembert, wave equation solution in one dimension      267
Daedalus project      581—582
Daedalus project, cost      582
Daedalus project, payload size      584
Daedalus project, rocket power      644
Dark material, galaxy groups/clusters      377
Dark material, possible particles for      390—391
Darwin, Charles      83—84
Darwin, concession on rate of evolutionary change      162
Darwin, Erasmus      72
Darwin, on Heat Death      167
Darwin, Origin of Species      9 161 162 615
Darwin, progress-to-perfection optimism      166
Darwin, quoted      166 167 180
Darwin, telelogical interpretation      85 86
Dawkins, R., idea-complexes as living organisms      522
Day length, calculation of      309—310
de Sitter space-time      433 434 435 668
De Sitter, W., quoted      430
Deceleration, of expanding Universe      375
Definitions, Anthropic Principle      15—23
Definitions, biology      512
Degeneracy pressure      303
Deity, and pantheism      107 121
Deity, contrasting evidence for, in Newton's time      30
Delayed choice experiments      469—470
Democritus      36—37
Density contrast, conformal time relationship      416
Density contrast, limited range for      417 418
Density enhancement      378
Density irregularities, adiabatic      388 390
Density irregularities, as possible formation processes for galaxies      388
Density irregularities, condensation growth of      415
Density irregularities, isothermal      388
Density parameter $(\Omega)$ age of Universe expressed in terms of      376 377 626
Density parameter $(\Omega)$ effect on time-evolution of expansion scale factor      376
Density parameter $(\Omega)$ energy relationship      375
Density parameter $(\Omega)$ limited range for      411
Density parameter $(\Omega)$ unity value explained, by Anthropic arguments      627
Density parameter $(\Omega)$ unity value explained, by quantum gravity      501 503
Density parameter $(\Omega)$ values quoted      377
Density, atomic weight relationship      299
Derham, W.      67—68
Descartes, Rene      53—54
Descartes, teleology dismissed by      54
Design arguments      27—109
Design arguments, and cosmological arguments      103—109
Design arguments, chronology of      46 54 92
Design arguments, critical developments      68—83
Design arguments, Darwin's rejection of      84
Design arguments, devolution      83—92
Design arguments, historical prologue      27—31
Design arguments, Kant's discussion      73—74
Design arguments, Medieval      46—49
Design arguments, non-Western philosophy/religion      92—102
Design arguments, of ancients      31—46
Design arguments, Renaissance      49—54
Design arguments, scepticism against      29
Designed Universe, Aristotelian view      37
Designed Universe, Design Argument for      22
Determinate natural teleology      134
Determinism, and chaos      90—91 118—129
Determinism, classification of      138—139
Determinism, Teilhard's use of weak form      200
Determinism, Thomas Huxley's view      86—87
Deterministic system, world viewed as      459—460
Deuterium oxide, biological effects      541
Deuterium, abundance relative to hydrogen      379
Deuterium, formation at beginning of Universe      371
Deuterons, formation reactions      321
Deuterons, nuclear potential as function of radius      319
Deuterons, triplet state      321
Dewdney, A. K., two-dimensional world      266
DeWitt boundary condition      497
DeWitt's Postulate of Complexity      473
DeWitt, Bryce S., quoted, on WAP selection effect in MWI      482—483
Dicke, Robert H., anthropomorphic explanation      16 219
Dicke, Robert H., gravitation theory (with Carl Brans)      245
Dicke, Robert H., on large numbers coincidences      246—247
Dicke, Robert H., quoted, on cosmological coincidences      243
Dicke, Robert H., Weak Anthropic Principle developed by      16 125
Dielectric constants, of various liquids, plotted against dipole moments      538
Dielectric constants, of various substances      537
Diffusion models (of exploration/colonization)      585 589—590
Dimensional analysis, first used      289
Dimensional analysis, unreasonable effectiveness of      270
Dimensionality      258—276 see also “Three-dimensional space”
Dimensionality, additional-dimension effects      274—275
Dimensionality, effect on fundamental constants      269
Dineutrons      321 322
Dingle, H., quoted      224
Dinosaurs, size of      313
Diogenes      36
Diprotons, non-existence of      322
Diprotons, nuclear binding energies      322
Diprotons, singlet state      321
Dirac, P.A.M., criticisms of      233—234
Dirac, P.A.M., influenced by Milne's gravitational theory      238
Dirac, P.A.M., large number hypothesis      231—234 276
Dirac, P.A.M., time-varying Newtonian gravitation constant      11 20—21
Discreteness (of apparatus/system)      485
Dispersal phase, behaviour pattern in colonization      593—594
DNA replication      304—305
DNA, computer program analogy      75
Dobzhansky, T., on Teilhard      199
Dobzhansky, T., teleological nomenclature      134
Dog colours, as design argument      92
Dolphins, encephalization of      131
Dominant energy condition      423
Doyle, Arthur Conan, quoted      310 354
Drake equation      586 589
Drake equation, probabilities not varying with Galactic age      587
Dual timescales, effect on evolutionary biology      244—245
Duhem, Pierre, Heat Death of Universe criticized by      617
Dyson, Freeman, closed-universe life ruling      637
Dyson, Freeman, first paper on study of far future      658
Dyson, Freeman, quoted      318
Dyson, Freeman, quoted on cosmic key times      385
Dysteleology      126 166—173
Earth information content of      661—662
Earth's age, biological constraints on      159—165
Earth's atmosphere, composition      542 543 544 549
Earth's atmosphere, marginal stability of      543—544 567 569 614
Earth's future, in presence of monopoles      657
Earth's future, Weak Anthropic Principle constraints on      556—570
Eco, U., quoted      511—522 548
Economics, interstellar travel      581—583
Economics, nuclear weapons      599
Economics, relative materials/wages      172 644
Eddington luminosity      350
Eddington number      225
Eddington, Arthur S., 'spoofs' of his methodology      227—228
Eddington, Arthur S., calculation of fundamental constants of Nature      224—227
Eddington, Arthur S., credibility damaged      227
Eddington, Arthur S., on age of Universe      385
Eddington, Arthur S., on cosmological constant      412
Eddington, Arthur S., on existence of global time      195
Eddington, Arthur S., on redshifts      237
Eddington, Arthur S., quoted      613
Eddington, Arthur S., quoted, on end of Universe      618
Eddington, Arthur S., quoted, on number of protons in Universe      219
Eddington, Arthur S., quoted, on Second Law of thermodynamics      658
Eddington-Lemaltre-Bondi universe      638 639
Edsall, J. T., quoted, on carbon dioxide      548
Egerton, Francis, bequest for (Bridgewater) Treatises      82
Egyptian creation myth      94
Egyptian text, quoted, on creation      440
Ehrenfest, P., on dimensionality      260 261—262
Ehrlich, Paul R., criticism of Julian Simon      21 In
Ehrlich, Paul R., on energy requirements      169—170
Ehrlich, Paul R., single political and economic goal proposed      141
Einstein's cosmological constant      225 234 415 450n
Einstein's cosmological equations, ensemble solutions      250
Einstein's cosmological model      616
Einstein's cosmological model, quasi-Penrose diagram for      635
Einstein's general relativity equations      138 409
Einstein's gravitational equations, quantization of      492
Einstein's gravitational theory, Action Principle in      490
Einstein's special theory of relativity      384
Einstein, Albert, criticism of quantum mechanics      476
Einstein, Albert, definition of physical reality      461
Einstein, Albert, on magnitude of dimensionless factors of proportionality      270
Einstein, Albert, quoted      430
Einstein, Albert, unsuccessful in simultaneous-measurement experiment      461
Einstein-de Sitter universe      425
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment      461—463
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment and Copenhagen Interpretation      463
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment as delayed choice experiment      470
Electromagnetic interaction      293
Electromagnetic interaction in unified theories      355 357
Electromagnetic interactions      370—371
Electron charge, time variation of      240—241
Electron orbitals      297
Electron orbitals velocities of      297
Electron spin, measured in EPR experiment      462 463
Electron spin, memory states of apparatus to measure      473
Electron-positron plasma      664 665
Electron-positron plasma, as information storage device      669
Electron-positron plasma, as remaining matter      649 650
Electron-to-proton mass ratio (B), as controlling physical parameter      293 296
Electron-to-proton mass ratio (B), importance in DNA replication      304—305
Electron-to-proton mass ratio (B), uncertainty relationship      304
Elements, quirks in properties      22 143
Elements, relative abundance      542
Ellis cosmological model      249 434 601
Ellis cosmological model, Davies' SAP argument against      602
Empedocles of Argigentum      34
Empirical theologians      180—184
Encephalization      130
Encephalization, increase in humans      130
Encephalization, increase in marine species      131
End (telos)      33
End (telos), Aristotelian view      38
End of Universe      677
Endoskeleton, development necessary as crucial step in Man's evolution      564
Energy requirements      169—171
Energy sources, far future      663—664 665 675
Energy-time uncertainty relation, information-processing restricted by      671
Entropy per baryon      381—382 383
Entropy per baryon, value of      401—408
Entropy per baryon, weak anthropic limits on      407—408
Entropy, black holes      353
Entropy, maximization      166—173
Entropy, reversal from maximum      178
Epicurus of Samos      41
Epiglottis, Paley's discussion      78
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