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| National Council of Teachers of Mathematics — Historical Topics for the Mathematics Classroom Thirty-First Yearbook |
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Íàçâàíèå: Historical Topics for the Mathematics Classroom Thirty-First Yearbook
Àâòîð: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
ßçûê: 
Ðóáðèêà: Ìàòåìàòèêà/
Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö
ed2k:
Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1969
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 524
Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 03.04.2008
Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
Ñêîïèðîâàòü ññûëêó äëÿ ôîðóìà | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ID
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| Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü |
Parallel postulate, Playfair’s 184
Parent, Antoine 181
Partial derivatives [116] 448—450 451
Partial derivatives, notation for 448—449
Pascal, arithmetic triangle see “Pascal’s triangle”
Pascal, Blaise 112 156 158 159 161 212 247 264 314 418 420
Pascal, Traite du triangle arithmetique 156
Pascal’s triangle [46] 156—157 264 314—316 438
Peano, Giuseppe 468
Pell equation 304 241 438
Pell, John 438
Pellos, Francesco 98
Pentagon 71
Pentagonal numbers 55—57
Pentagram (star pentagon) 71
Percent [42] 146—147
Perfect numbers [12] 51 53 59—61 61—62
Perigal, Henry 218
Peruvian quipu [33] 129
Pesu calculations 126
Peurbach, George von 103 371
Picard, Emile 442
Pike, Nicholas 426
Pitiscus, Bartholomaeus 104 371
Plane Trigonometry (Todhunter) 366
Planisphaerium (Ptolemy) 340
Plato 11 67 71 192 198 204 378
Platonic solids see “Polyhedra regular”
Playfair, Elements of Geometry 184
Playfair, Parallel postulate 184
Plimpton 322 68 215 339
Pliny 120
Plucker, Julius 179 182
Plutarch 54
Poincare, Henri 2 185 187 463 468 469
Polar coordinates [64] 181 204 229
Polybius 119
Polygonal numbers see “Numbers figurate”
Polyhedra, regular [60] 206 220—221
Polynomial equations 83 288—289
Poncelet — Steiner theorem 195—196
Poncelet — Steiner theorem, circle 196
Poncelet, Jean Victor 179 180 194 195 230 259
Pons asinorum (“bridge of asses”) [59] 219—220
Positional numeration systems 4 6 23—25 28 31 37 45 47 48 49 50 90
Postulate of Archimedes 174
Postulate, fifth see “Parallel postulate”
Pottin, Henry 113
Precious Mirror of the Four Elements (Chu Shih-chieh) 56
Prepositional calculus 284—286
Prestet, Jean 320
Prime numbers [14 15] 34—35 59—60 61—62 62—63 64—66
Prime numbers, conjectures about 65 66
Prime numbers, infinitude of [14] 35 62—63 64
Prime numbers, large 60 62 63 66
Prime numbers, Mersenne 61 62
Prime numbers, twin 66
Prime numbers, unproved conjectures about 62 65—66
Principal value of multiplication table 131
Principia (Newton) 395 396 397
Principia Mathematica (Whitehead and Russell) 15 258 468 469
Principle of continuity 407—408
Printing, invention of 243
probability [47] 157 158—159 247 470
Proclus 66 70 171 180 184 204 208 219 362 364
Proclus, Commentary on Euclid, Book I 171 178
Proclus, Eudemian Summary 171 172
Progressions, arithmetic 143—144
Progressions, geometric 143—144
Projective geometry 178—180 188
Proportion, Eudoxian theory of 71
Ptolemy, Almagest [91] 50 90 96 101 242 337 338 342 344 359—361 370
Ptolemy, Analemma 342
Ptolemy, Claudius 50 96 98 175 180 208 212 242 337 338 340 342 359 365 370 374 375
Ptolemy, Planisphaerium 340
Ptolemy, Syntaxis mathematica 359
Ptolemy’s theorem 101—102 360 369—370
Pyramid 371—372
Pyramid of Gizeh 169 206
Pyramid, frustum of 127 169—170
Pythagoras 51 58 66 119 172 215
Pythagoras, table of 119
Pythagorean school see “Pythagoreans school
Pythagorean Theorem [58] 66 70 100 169—170 215—218 225 300 338 377 438
Pythagorean triples [16] 66—68 79 215 339
Pythagoreans 220 236 314
Pythagoreans, number beliefs of [9] 9 29 3 51—52 58 64 74—75
Pythagoreans, school of (brotherhood) 31 32 33 70 172 206
Quadratic equations 29 145 222 241 246 261—263 270 291—292 298 301—303 306—308 317 323—324
Quadratrix 150 193 201 202—203
Quadrature of the circle see “Circle squaring
Quadrilateral, complete 343—345 350—353
Quadrivium 51
quantum mechanics 259
Quantum theory 470
Quarter squares 105
Quartic equations 236 245 248 253 278 310 317 318
Quaternions [77] 256—259 280 282 295—297
Quintic equations 254—255 278—279 311
Quipu, Peruvian [33] 129
Rabdologia (Napier) 98 111 138 141
RADIANS 366—367
Radical symbol [43] 147—148
Rahn, Johann Heinrich 65 140
Ramanujan, Srinivasa 14
Raphson, Joseph 100
Ratio of circle areas 150 380
Ratio, mean and extreme 204—205 78
Rational numbers 35 84
Real number system, topological structure of 465—466
Real numbers 83
Rechentafeln (Crelle) 95
Rechnung auff der Linien vnd Federn (Riese) 119
Recorde, Robert 119 140 244 263 332
Recorde, The Ground of Artes 119 332
Recorde, The Whetstone of Witte 244
Regiomontanus (Johann Mueller) 103 356 371 375 387
Regular polyhedra [60] 172 206 220—221
Regular sexagesimal numbers 131
Reinhold, Erasmus, Canon foecundus 103
Reitweisner, George W. 110
Relatively prime numbers 68 69
Relativity 280
Relativity, theory of 470
Revelation, Book of 34 75
Reye, Karl Theodor 179
Reyher, Samuel 364
Reymond, Paul Du Bois- see “Du Bois-Reymond Paul”
Rheticus (Georg Joachim) 104 356 371 373
Rhind papyrus [30] 93 96 123—127 135—136 149 169 202 237 249—250 371—372 377
Rhind, A. Henry 123
Ricci, M.M.G. 226
Ricci, Matteo 280
Riemann Sums 431
Riemann surface 186—187
Riemann, G.F. Bernhard 182 183 185 186 187 188 209 259 465 469 470
Riemannian geometries 183
Riese, Adam 97 119 137
Riese, Rechnung auff der Linien vnd Federn 119
Right angle [93] 363—364
Rigor 467—468
Robertson, John 111
Roberval, Gilles Persone de 227 387
Rolle, Michel 399
Roman numeration system [3] 23 40—41 90 243
Romanus, Adrianus 329
Rosenhead, Louis 107
Rosenthal, Arthur 410—411
Roth, Peter 317
Rudolff, Christoff 138 148 244 263
| Rudolff, Die Coss 148 244
Ruffini, Paolo 253 256 275 278
Rule of false position [90] 237 308 332
Rule of signs, Descartes’s [85] 310 317 318—320
Runge — Kutta method 115
Russell, Bertrand 15 85—86 258 466 467 468 469
Russell, Principia Mathematica 15 258 468 469
Rusty compass 194—196
Rybnikov, K.A. 5
S.a.s. 217
Saccheri quadrilateral 208—209
Saccheri, Euclides ab omni naevo vindicatus 462
Saccheri, Girolamo 10 184 208 364 462
Sacrobosco (John of Halifax, or of Holywood) 48
Sacrobosco, Algorismus vulgaris 48
Salmon, George 452
Salmon, Modern Higher Algebra 452
Scheutz, Edward 162
Scheutz, George 162
Schlafli, Ludwig 221
Schneider, Theodor 84
Schoenflies, Arthur 469
Schotten, H. 362
Schumaker, John A. 5
Secant (function) 354
seconds 360 365—366
Segner, Johann Andreas 320
Seqt 371—372
Series 104 266 270 358 421 428
Serret, Joseph Alfred 256
Servois, Francois Joseph 257
Set concept 21
Set theory 188 402 463—466 474
Set theory, contradictions in 467
Sets 284—286
Severi, Francesco 196
Severi’s small arc theorem 196
Sexagesimal numeration system 4 6 28 36—38 47 49 50 89 99—100 102 130—132 135 235 337—338 355—356 360 364—365 370 373
Sexagesimal numeration system, fractions in 131—132 135
Sexagesimal numeration system, modern notation in 38
Sexagesimal numeration system, origin of 37 365
Sexagesimal numeration system, regular numbers in 131—132
Sexagesimal numeration system, separatrix (sexagesimal point) in 6 37 38 131—132 135
Shakespeare, William 119
Shanks, William 109 152
Side and diagonal numbers 71
Simplicius 212
Simson, Robert 78 178
Sine [95] 345—350 351 358—359 368—371
Sine, etymology of 12 350 370
Sine, law of 352 375
Slaught, H.E. 471
Slide rule [69] 111—113 271—273 310
Sluse, Rene de 391
Smith, David Eugene 106
Social implications, computing machines 115—117
Soroban see “Abacus”
Speidell, John, New Logarithms 154
Speiser, Andreas 251
Sphaerica (Menelaus) 342
Spiral of Archimedes 202—204
spirals 181
Square numbers 33—34 52 53—57 66 67
Square root 4 35 71 76 97 102 133 137 239 264—265 268—70 291—292 303 307 327—328 377
Square root, computation of 98—101
Square root, symbol for 147—148
Square root, tables of 97
Squaring the circle see “Circle squaring
Star pentagram 206
Staudt, Karl Christian von 179
Steiner, Jakob 179 194 195 196
Stereographic projection 339—342
Stereometria doliorum vinorum (Kepler) 424
Stereometrica (Heron of Alexandria) 291
Stevin, anticipation of definite integral 406
Stevin, La Disme 97 138
Stevin, Simon [99] 6 49 69 97 137 138 263 330 356 405—407
Stieltjes, Thomas Joannes 270
Stifel, Arithmetica integra 140
Stifel, Michael 75 140 148 212 263
STIRLING, JAMES 428
Stirling, Methodus differentialis 428
Stirling’s formula 428
Straightedge, marked 200 (see also “Compass”)
Suan phan see “Abacus”
Subtractive principle 37 41
Sullivan, J.W.N. 9
Sulvasutras 68 216
Suma (Pacioli) 94 121 133 158 332
Sumerian see “Babylonian”
Summability methods 434
Sundials 470 (see also “Gnomon”)
Surya Siddhanta 301 346 349
Switching circuits 287
Sylvester II see “Gerbert (Pope Sylvester II)”
Sylvester, James Joseph 259 283 311 324 451 452
Symbol for addition 139
Symbol for angle 362
Symbol for base of natural logarithms (e) 155
Symbol for common fractions 136
Symbol for congruence (number theory) 252
Symbol for decimal fractions 138
Symbol for difference 234 271 332
Symbol for division 139—140
Symbol for equals 244
Symbol for exponents 310
Symbol for infinity 414
Symbol for integral 396 419 423 458
Symbol for multiplication 139 271 310
Symbol for partial derivatives 448—449
Symbol for percent 147
Symbol for plus 332
Symbol for proportion 271 310
Symbol for radical [43] 147—148 244
Symbol for right angle 364
Symbol for subtraction 139
Symbol for “approaches a limit” 234
Symbol for “greater than” 310
Symbol for “is approximately equal to” 234
Symbol for “less than” 310
Symmetric functions [86] 310 321—322
Syntaxis mathematica (Ptolemy) 359
Systems of numeration see “Numeration systems”
Tabit ibn-Qorra see “ibn-Qorra Tabit”
Table of Pythagoras 119
Tables 161
Tables for “2 over n” 95 124—125
Tables of chords 12 98 101 337—338 359—360 369—370
Tables of cube roots 101
Tables of cubes 276
Tables of half-chords 12 103 370
Tables of logarithms 98 105—106 143—145 154 248
Tables of Logarithms (Gardiner) 145
Tables of Pythagoras 119
Tables of quarter squares 105
Tables of reciprocals 93 95 96 131—132
Tables of square roots 97
Tables, astronomical 47 50
Tables, factor 65
Tables, makers of 108
Tables, mortality 326
Tables, multiplication 93—95 130—131
Tables, number of mathematical 107
Tables, recent mathematical 107
Tables, shadow 335 353 373
Tables, trigonometric 97 101—104 346 353—356 359—361 367 369—371 373
Tabula beneficia (Maurolico) 103
Tait, Peter Guthrie 258 280
Tait, Treatise on Natural Philosophy 366
Takebe Hikojiro Kenko 453—454
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