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Harris R. — Crafting the New Conversational Speech Systems
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Íàçâàíèå: Crafting the New Conversational Speech SystemsÀâòîð: Harris R. Àííîòàöèÿ: Soundly anchored in user centered design and natural language studies, this supremely practical book is loaded with examples, how-to advice, and design templates. Drawing widely on decades of research - in HCI, dialogue design, pragmatics, linguistics, lexicography, conversation analysis, computational linguistics, and cognitive and social psychology - Randy Allen Harris outlines the principles of how people use language interactively, and illustrates every aspect of design work
ßçûê: Ðóáðèêà: Ðàçíîå /Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö ed2k: ed2k stats Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 2004Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 624Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 30.12.2007Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
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usability testing 513 Usability testing ethics 491n Usability testing, iterative evaluation and 502—504 usage 137n Usage data, discourse model and 280—281 Usage, diction and 191—196 User control and freedom, heuristic evaluation and 506 User errors 506n User interface 4 User interface, graphical see “Graphic interfaces.” User interface, speech see “Voice interfaces.” User profiles 242—245 261 User-Centered Design (UCD) 547 User-initiative interactions 396 User-on-system turn overlap 142n Users and tasks 29 221 241—264 Users and tasks, gathering data and 250—261 Users and tasks, task analysis and 245—250 251 262 Users and tasks, user profiles and 242—245 Users as cause of slippages 407—408 Users, expert 405 Users, individual 403—406 Users, novice 405 USI see “Universal speech interface (USI).” Utterance 439 441 Utterance construction 298 Utterance structures, Wizard of Oz and 493 Utterance templates 439 441 Utterance, backchanneled 148n Utterance, definition of 547 Utterance, out-of-vocabulary 420 Utterance, scaffolding 176 Utterance, system, definition of 545 VAD see “Voice-activated dialing (VAD).” van Leeuwen, Theo 66 Vanderveken, Daniel 128 Variability, constrained 346 472 Variability, constrained, agent design and 345 Variability, constrained, dialogue and 440—442 Variable initiative, definition of 547 Variation, phonetic 70n Vbox 16 Verbal protocols 252n verification, definition of 547 Verification, Speaker 545 Verification, under see “Verification.” Video monitoring, equipment, Wizard of Oz and 484 VIP see “Virtual Interactive Presenter (VIP).” Virtual Interactive Presenter (VIP) 352 Virtue, agent design and 325 Vocable 191n Vocable, definition of 548 Vocabulary 26 43 Vocabulary problem, definition of 548 Vocabulary, appropriate, discourse model and 268—287 Vocabulary, definition of 548 Vocabulary, Out of, dialogue and 352—353 Vocabulary, out-task see “Out-of-Vocabulary slippage (OOV).” Vocabulary, system, definition of 545 (see also “Vocabulary.”) Vocabulary, Wizard of Oz and 493 Vocabulary, working see “Vocabulary.” Vocoder, definition of 548 Vocoder, Wizard of Oz and 483 Voice communication with computers: Conversational systems 24 Voice dial, definition of 548 Voice input 206 Voice interaction design, agents and 301—346 Voice interaction design, building discourse model and 265—300 Voice interaction design, command-line interfaces and 5—6 Voice interaction design, conversation and 18—20 127—158 Voice interaction design, crafting voice interfaces and 203—222 Voice interaction design, design and 201—519 Voice interaction design, dialogue and 347—422 Voice interaction design, diction and 189—200 Voice interaction design, doing things with words and 75—125 Voice interaction design, glossary of terms and 521—550 Voice interaction design, glue and 159—188 Voice interaction design, graphic interfaces and 7—8 Voice interaction design, habitability and 517—519 Voice interaction design, interfaces and 3—16 Voice interaction design, iterative evaluation and 473—516 Voice interaction design, keypad interfaces and 10—12 Voice interaction design, multimodal interfaces and 8—10 Voice interaction design, scripting and 423—472 Voice interaction design, sound and meaning and 41—73 Voice interaction design, speech and 16—18 35—39 Voice interaction design, talking to machines and 20—23 Voice interaction design, team and process and 223—240 Voice interaction design, topic and 159—188 Voice interaction design, users and tasks and 241—264 Voice interaction design, voice interfaces and 12—16 voice interfaces 3 4 12—16 29 203—222 Voice interfaces, auditory GUI and 211—214 Voice interfaces, bad habits and 211—217 Voice interfaces, considerations behind choice of 219 Voice interfaces, crafting 29 203—222 Voice interfaces, definition of 548—549 Voice interfaces, development of, spiral model for 238 239 Voice interfaces, habitability and 217—219 Voice interfaces, to voice or not to voice 205—208 Voice interfaces, voicing the web and 209—211 Voice links 422 Voice synthesis, concatenative-recorded 311n Voice User Interface (VUI) 12 (see also “ Voice interfaces.”) Voice, definition of 548 Voice, pure, definition of 12 Voice, recorded 311n Voice, synthesized 311n Voice-activate see “Voice.” Voice-activated dialing (VAD) see “Voice dial.” Voice-driven interactions 396 Voice-enable see “Voice.” Voice-interface corpus 297 Voice-interface design 340n Voice-interface lexicon 297 Voice-interface telephone banking systems 270n Voice-only interfaces 9 340n Voice-response systems 15—16 Voice-response systems, definition of 549 Voice-Response Unit (VRU) see “Voice interfaces.” VoiceXML 142n VoiceXML, definition of 549 Voicing of links 411—415 Voicing of tabular data 409—411 von Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 62 Vowels, definition of 549 VoxML, definition of 549 VRU see “Voice-Response Unit (VRU).” VUI see “Voice User Interface (VUI).” VXML see “VoiceXML.” Walker, Marilyn 503n Walkthrough, pluralistic 508n Wallace, Richard 18 Walsh, Birrell 326 358 WAP see “Wireless Application Protocol (WAP).” Wardhaugh, Ronald 129 301 waterfall 198n Waterworth, J. A. 211 Watt, William 266 Watterson, Bill 447 Wave-form synthesis 73 Wave-form synthesis, definition of 549 Web harvesting 273n Web, voicing 209—211 WER see “Word Error Rate (WER).” Whitcut, Janet 242 Whitney, William Dwight 49 Wi-Fi see “Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi).” Wiener, Norbert 145 Wildfire 123n 124 Wilkes-Gibbs, Deanna 33 107 Wilks, Yorick 31 Wilson, Kenneth G. 160 180 WIMP see “Window-Icon-Mouse-Pointer (WIMP)” “Windows Icons Menus Window-Icon-Mouse-Pointer (WIMP) 8 Windows, Icons, Menus and Pointers (WIMP), definition of 549 Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), definition of 549 Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), definition of 549 Wireless Markup Language (WML) see “WAP.” Wisdom, practical, agent design and 323—325 Wittgenstein, Ludwig 33 75 191 wizard see “Wizard of Oz (WOZ; WOz).” Wizard of Oz (WOZ; WOz) 29 474—501 491n 512 Wizard of Oz (WOZ; WOz), definition of 549 550 WML see “Wireless Markup Language (WML).” Wolf, Catherine 201 381 418 Woodbury, David O. 517 Woodson, Wesley E. 201 Woofit, Robin 302 Word Error Rate (WER), definition of 549 Word recognition, connected, definition of 525 Word recognition, continuous, definition of 525 Word recognition, discrete see “Isolated word recognition.” Word recognition, isolated, definition of 535 Word token see “Lexical token.” Word type see “Lexical token.” Word usage, distinguished by stress 67 WordNet 299 Words 49—58 71 75—125 Words, American English, characteristic average frequencies of 313 Words, content, definition of 525 Words, conversational pragmatics and 78—87 Words, cue, boundary 54n Words, dialogue acts and 101—107 Words, doing things with 28 38 Words, function, definition of 531 Words, listening and 89—94 Words, Out-of-Vocabulary see “Out-of-Vocabulary slippage (OOV).” Words, pragmatics and 76—78 Words, rate of hearing 213n Words, reading rate of 213n Words, register and 87—89 Words, speech as action and 94—101 Words, task management and 107—120 Wordspotting 59 Wordspotting, definition of 531 Working vocabulary see “Vocabulary.” World Wide Web 220 WOZ see “Wizard of Oz (WOZ; WOz).” Wright, Steven 23 Writer, interactive-dialogue 230—233 240 Writing dialogue 429—436 Writing, speech versus 431—436 Written monologue 169n XML see “Extensible Markup Language (XML).” Yankelovich, Nicole 1 220 236 357—358 504 510 Ye, Yiming 201 Yeats, William Butler 473 Yes/no interrogatives 95 Zadrozny, Wlodek 201 418 Zero-out, definition of 550 “Contacts,” 123n
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