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| Àâòîðèçàöèÿ |
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| Ïîèñê ïî óêàçàòåëÿì |
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| Bell S. — Forensic Chemistry |
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| Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü |
Hydrocodone, structure of 332t
Hydromorphone, forensic interest in 333
Hydromorphone, medical uses of 333
Hydromorphone, structure of 332t
Hydrophilic compounds 91
Hydrophobicity, determining 93—94b
Hypergeometric distribution, in subset sample selection 37—39
Hyphenated instruments 186—203
Hypothesis testing 27
Hypothesis testing, data set comparisons in 31—33
Hypothesis testing, Dixon test in 29 30
Hypothesis testing, Grubbs test in 29—31
Hypothesis testing, Q test in 29 30
Hypothesis testing, significance test in 27 29
Hypothesis, null 27 29
Hypsochromic shift 274 275f
Ibuprofen, structure of 315f
ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy) 178—179
ICP-MS see “Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)”
Ideal-gas law, explosive force and 392
Identification in forensic chemistry 2
Identification, definitive 295—296
Ignitable liquids, classification of 434t
Ignition energy 406
Ignition energy, minimum 406t 407
Illumination for compound microscope 141—142 142f 143b
Illumination, color perception and 461—463 462f
Illumination, Kohler 141—142 142f 143b
Immunoassay(s) 121—127 122f 124f 125f 126f 127f
Immunoassay(s), definition of 86
Immunoassay(s), enzyme-multiplied 125 126f 127
Immunoassay(s), fluorescence polarization 124—125 126f
Immunoassay(s), heterogeneous 124 125f
Immunoassay(s), homogeneous 124—125 126f
Immunoassay(s), types of 123—124 124f
Immunogen, in antibody production 121
Immunological reaction, in immunoassay 121
Immunometric methods 123
Impurities in profiling 234—236 236—237b 238t
Impurities, definition of 229
IMS see “Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)”
IMS (ion mobility spectrometry) 191—192 193f
Incandescence curve, in chromaticity chart 467 468f
Incendiary devices 406
Incendiary devices in arson and fire investigation 433—434
Inclusive evidence 5
Indanthren blue, structure of 481t
Independent variable 48
India ink 492
Indigo 280f
Indigo, structure of 485t 486t
Indigoid dyes and pigments, structure and example of 486t
Individualization, in forensic chemistry 3
Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) 178—179
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) 132
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in characterization of bullets 446—447b
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in inorganic analysis of paper 570—572 570f 571f 571t 572f 572t 573f 574f
Infrared (IR) lighting, in forensic analysis of inks and paints 511—512
Infrared (IR) microscopy, in fiber analysis 603—604
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy 161—169
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy in fiber analysis 590 601 603
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy in forensic analysis of inks 515 516f
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, near and far 167—168 169b
Infrared microspectrophotometry 184—185
Inhalants 221—222
Ink jet printers, ink delivery in 494
Inks 488—527
Inks, analysis of, for dating 489b
Inks, ballpoint pen 492
Inks, felt-tip pen 492
Inks, forensic analysis of 509—527
Inks, forensic analysis of, alternative lighting in 511—512
Inks, forensic analysis of, elemental analysis in 520
Inks, forensic analysis of, for aging and dating 521—524 522f 523f 524f 525f
Inks, forensic analysis of, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in 517—520
Inks, forensic analysis of, high-pressure liquid chromatography in 517—520
Inks, forensic analysis of, mass spectrometry in 517—520
Inks, forensic analysis of, microspectrophotometry in 513—517\
Inks, forensic analysis of, optical microscopy in 511
Inks, forensic analysis of, solubility tests in 512—513
Inks, forensic analysis of, spectroscopy in 513—517
Inks, forensic analysis of, thin-layer chromatography in 512—513
Inks, gel-pen 492
Inks, India 492
Inks, iron gallotannate 492
Inks, metallized 491
Inks, types of 492
Instrumental drug analysis 295
Instrumentation 132—211
Instrumentation, history of 132—133
Instruments, calibration of 75—81 78f 79f 80f 81f
Instruments, electrophoretic 186—203
Instruments, hyphenated 186—203
Intaglio printing 497
Interference colors, in fiber analysis 583—587 585f 587f
Interferogram 164—165 164f 165f
Interferometry 163—166
Interferometry in fiber analysis 584—585
Interferometry, retardation distance and 147
Interlaboratory comparisons of heroin 66b
Interlaboratory comparisons, definition of 65
International Commission on Illumination (Commission International d’Eclairage, CIE) 464 (see also “CIE system of color quantification”)
Intramuscular injection 243
Intravenous injection 243
Iodoplatinate 293t
Iodoplatinate as developer for drugs 117
Ion chromatography, in analysis of explosives 455—457
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) 186—187 191—192 l93f
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) in field detection of explosives 452 453b 454f
Ion-pair compound, in color formation 291
Ionizable center 96
Ionization centers 102—107
Ionization, in thin-layer chromatography 119 120f
IR spectroscopy see “Infrared (IR) spectroscopy”
Iron gallotannate inks 492
Isoelectric point 104 104f
Isopropanol, characteristics of 100t
Isotope dilution, in instrument calibration 81
Isotopic ratios, in profiling 231—234 233t 234f 235b
Isotropic materials, polarized light and 146 146b
Isotropy, in fiber analysis 582—583
Ketamine, structure of 269f 321f 376t
Kevlar 555—556 557f
Khat, analysis of 372—374
Kinetics 245b
Kinetics of combustion 397—399
Kistiakowsky-Wilson rules 420
Knowns 70
Kohler illumination 141—142 142f 143b
Kraft pulping, in paper production 545 545f
Kramers — Kronig transform, in fiber analysis 601 601f
Kumho Tire Co., Ltd. v. Carmichael 5
l-(l-Thiophenecyclohexyl)piperidine (TCP), structure of 375t
Laboratory, accreditation of 69
Lactone, stable, production of 298
Laser description mass spectrometry (LDMS), in dating inks 523
Laser ionization, in forensic analysis of inks and paints 519—20
Laser printers, ink delivery in 494—495 494f 495f
Lasers 157—158b
Latex exudates of opium poppy Seed pods 329
Latex particle, in latex paints 499
Law, civil 3 4
Law, criminal 3 4
Law, origin of 3b
Law, precedent in 3—4
LDMS (laser desorption mass spectrometry), in dating inks 523
LDR (linear dynamic range) 48
Le Chatelier’s principle 86 88—89
Lead azide, structure and detonation speed of 415t
Lead styphnate, structure and detonation speed of 415t
| Lean mixture 393
Least squares regression 48
lens system of 139 141
Lens(es), Bertrans 141—142
Lens(es), focusing of light by 137—138 137f
Lens(es), microscope 139 141 141f
Lens(es), microscope, resolving power of 144
Lens(es), objective, of microscope 139 139f 141f
Lens(es), ocular, of microscope 139 139f 141f
Lethal dose 259 260f
Leuckart reaction, in methamphetamine synthesis 67f 362 364f
Leuco form of vat dyes 595
Lewis acid-base interaction, coordination complexes from 288
LFT (ligand field theory) 289
Lidocaine as cocaine diluent 342
Lidocaine as heroin diluent/adulterant 335
Lidocaine, structure of 340t
Liebermann test 285—286 286f
Ligand field theory (LFT) 289
Ligand, in ligand field theory 289 290f
Light microscopy, polarized 144—147 144f 149f
Light, temperature of 461 463
Lightness, definition of 470
Lignins 539 540f 541 541f
Lignocellulose compounds 539—540 540f
Like-dissolves-like rule 99 101 107f
Lime method of heroin preparation 229 230f 333—334
Limit of detection (LOD) 48
Limit of quantitation (LOQ) 48
Line of quantitation 48
Linear calibration curve 48 48f 49f
Linear regression 48—49
Linkage distance, in cluster analysis 58—59 59f
Lipophilicity 92—95
Lipophobic compounds 91
Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) 99
Liquids, ignitable, classification of 434t
LLE (liquid-liquid extraction) 99
LOD (limit of detection) 48
LOQ (limit of quantitation) 48
Lorazepam (Ativan) 378
Lortab see “Morphine”
Low explosives 414 417 422
Low explosives, detonation speeds and structures of 415t
Low-spin complexes 290f 291
Lower flammability limit (LFL) 405 407f
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) see “Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)”
Luminescent pigments 480
Lysergic acid amide, structure of 347t
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) 346t
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), analytical approach to 349 353 355f
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), conversion of lysergic acid to 350f
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), Ehrlich’s test for 285 285f
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), history of 348—349b
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), legal issues and questions on 354
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), sample cleanup of 353 354f
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), structure of 321f 347t
Lysergic acid, conversion of, to LSD 350f
Lysergic acid, structure of 347t
L’vov platform, in graphite furnace 176 177f
Malachite green, structure of 486t
MALDI see “Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI)”
Mandelin’s test 293t
MAPA (Methamphetamine Anti-Proliferation Act) 225
Marijuana, active ingredient in 300
Marijuana, analysis of 299—306
Marijuana, analysis of, approach to 304—305
Marijuana, half-life of 254t
Marijuana, hand-rolled cigarette of 301f
Marijuana, legal issues and questions on 305—306
Marijuana, plant and Seeds of 300f
Marijuana, tests for 287—288 287f 288f
Marijuana, “blunts” of 301f
Marinol , medical uses of 304
Marquis test 270 281 282—284f 284
Mass spectrometers 197 199—201 199f 200f
Mass spectrometry in forensic analysis 7
Mass spectrometry in forensic analysis of inks and paints 517—520
Mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma 132
Mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma in characterization of bullets 446—447b
Mass spectrometry, laser desorption, in dating inks 523
Mass transfer in combustion 401—403 402f
Mass transfer in gas chromatography 196
Master die, in mechanical printing 497
Matrix controls, in fire debris analysis 439f 440
Matrix mismatch, in instrument calibration 77 79f
Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI), in forensic analysis of inks and paints 519—520 519f
Mayer’s test 294
MDMA (ecstasy) 356t
MDMA (ecstasy), analysis of 360
MDMA (ecstasy), structure of 219t
MDMA (ecstasy), synthesis of 372 373f
MDMA (ecstasy), tablet of 357f
Mean, sample, definition of 19—20
Measurable quantity 374
Measurement, replicate, in statistics 17 19
Mechanical printing 497
Media, solid-phase extraction 110t
Medicine see also “Drug(s)”
Medicine, definition of 213
MEK (micellar electrokinetic chromatography) 189—191 191f
Melamine 556 557f 558t
Melamine fibers, description of 578t
Melmac 556 557f 558t
Melt extrusion, in synthetic polymer fabrication 561f 562
Melting points, in fiber analysis 588 589t
Mercury fulminate, structure and detonation speed of 415t
Mercury, analysis of 177—178b
Mescaline 346t (see also “Peyote”)
Mestanolone testosterone propionate, syringe containing 307f
Metabolism 252—254 252f 253t 254t
Metabolism, first-pass 248
Metabolites, ilicit drug 253t
Metabolites, production of, in drug metabolism 253
Metabolites, toxic 252b
Metal complexes, structure and examples of 486t
Metallic arsenic, isolation of, historical 239—240b
Metallic fibers, description of 578t
Metals, shine of, explanation of 491b
Metamerism 474—475
Methadone, structure of 332t
Methamphetamine 356t
Methamphetamine Anti-Proliferation Act (MAPA) 225
Methamphetamine, analysis of 356—375
Methamphetamine, analysis of, approach to 374
Methamphetamine, clandestine synthesis of 360—370
Methamphetamine, forms of 359—360
Methamphetamine, half-life of 254t
Methamphetamine, history of 357
Methamphetamine, legal issues and questions of 374—375
Methamphetamine, nicotine and 361—363b
Methamphetamine, precursors of 360—361 364f
Methamphetamine, profiling of 371—372
Methamphetamine, Simon test for 286—287 287f
Methamphetamine, stereochemistry of 370—372
Methamphetamine, structure of 358t
Methamphetamine, use and abuse of 357 359
Methamphetamine, “ice” form of 357f 359—360
Methandriol, structure of 312t
Methandrostenolone, structure of 311f
Methandrostenolone, tablets of 307f
Methanol, characteristics of 100t
Methcathinone, structure of 359t
Method validation, traceability and 67—69
Methyl centralite, function and formula of 450t
Methyl cyanide, characteristics of 100t
Methyl methacrylate, anionic polymerization in 553—554b
Methyl orange, structure of 485t
Methylene chloride, characteristics of 100t
Methyltestosterone, structure of 313t
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