Churchland P.S., Sejnowski T.J. — The computational brain :: Электронная библиотека попечительского совета мехмата МГУ

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Churchland P.S., Sejnowski T.J. — The computational brain

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Название: The computational brain

Авторы: Churchland P.S., Sejnowski T.J.

Аннотация:

The Computational Brain is the first unified and broadly accessible book to bring together computational concepts and behavioral data within a neurobiological framework. Churchland and Sejnowski address the foundational ideas of the emerging field of computational neuroscience, examine a diverse range of neural network models, and consider future directions of the field.

Язык:

Рубрика: Биология/

Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц

ed2k: ed2k stats

Год издания: 1992

Количество страниц: 544

Добавлена в каталог: 04.12.2005

Операции: Положить на полку | Скопировать ссылку для форума | Скопировать ID

Предметный указатель

Computers prototypes in      66 76
Computers role of as research tool      7
Computers serial digital      61—62
cones      148
Cones classes of      223
Confocal microscopy      428f
Connectivity      250
Constant phase lag      392
Constraints in computation      82—83
Constraints satisfaction of      82—96
Constraints top-down      83—84
Convergence, and recognition defects      321
Cooperative algorithm, basic constraints in      210
Coordinate space      see “State space”
Corpus callosum, Golgi-stained sections of      3f
Correspondence problem      193—195 199
Correspondence problem solution of      199—202
Cortex      see also “Cerebral cortex”
Cortex activity-dependent development of      312
Cortex connectivity of laminar patterns of in making hierarchical assignments      22—23f
Cortex interaction function of      312
Cortex schematic diagram of visual areas of      22f
Cortex stimulation of pyramidal neurons of      404— 405f
Cortex topographic mapping of      34
Cortex vertical organization of      35—37
Cortico-cortical projections      23
Cowan, Maxwell      5
Cresyl violet      442
Critter-net      133
Cross-laminar columns      37
Cross-talk, between modalities      326
Crossed commissural (CC) neurons connection of to lateral interneurons      410
Crossed commissural (CC) neurons unilateral excitation of      389—392
Cue selective processing      302f
Current events, timing of      306
Current representations      306
Curve fitting      105—107
Curve fitting error surface and gradient descent in      106f
Curve fitting for straight line      107
Cybernetics      6
Cytoskeleton, and integrity of neurons and synapses      47—48
Damasio categorial hierarchy of      321 327
Damasio, Antonio      321
Darwinian evolution      2
Data analysis techniques      113
Decision making by robots      423—424
Decision making in insect nervous system      24f
Decoupling strategy      128
Delay selective processing      302f
Delayed-response tasks      300f
Dendrites      44
Dendrites capacity of membranes for action potentials      270—271
Dendrites spines of      251 2
Depth cues      189
Depth cues and real world      216—221
Depth cues by-product of integration of      215
Depth cues from motion parallax      422
Depth discontinuity in      199
Depth network architectures for estimating from disparity and vergence      232f
Depth nonstereo cues for      195
Depth perception absolute, vergence and      231—233
Depth perception cells tuned to      197—198
Depth perception hyperacuity in      226—231
Depth planes of fixation of      201f
Depth psychophysical experiments in      230
Depth sense of      85f
Depth-change detection model      234
Depth-change detection model averaging method in      237
Depth-change judgment      229—230
Depth-relative-to-the-fixation-plane cells      198—199
Descartes, Rene      1
Digital computers      61—62 68
Discriminating sonar echoes      112—115
Disparity increment threshold curves of      226
Disparity invariants, competitive anti-Hebbian learning of      215 217f
Disparity Lehky — Sejnowski model discrimination curve of      230f
Disparity Lehky — Sejnowski psychophysical discrimination curve for      227f
Disparity Lehky — Sejnowski selectivity      231—233
Disparity Lehky — Sejnowski sensitivity curve      228—229
Disparity-sensitive cells      228
Distributed representation      163—174
Distributed representation importance of      163—174
Distributed representation vs. local-coding representation      163—164
DNA, helical structure of      2
Dorsal bending reflex computer models of network for      345—353
Dorsal bending reflex decremented      350
Dorsal roots      382
Dot stereograms      see also “Random-dot stereograms” 193—195
Dynamics, importance of      177—178
Eigenmannia      181 182
Electrical recordings      437—440
Electroencephalography (EEG)      438—441
Electromagnetic energy, spectrum of      222f
Electromagnetic signals      181
Emergent properties, explainability of by lower-level phenomena      2—3
Encoding theories      171
End-stopping      40
Energy minimum      88
Energy minimum in spin glasses      88
Entorhinal cortex catchment and signal integration in      286
Entorhinal cortex cortical afferent and efferent connections of      249f
Entorhinal cortex LTP in      305
Error correction algorithm      239
Error correction rapid      324
Error minimization      131 134—135
Error minimization nervous structures and      132—133
Estradiol, effect of on neurons      59
Ethics      425—426
Event-related potential      438—439
Event-related potential recording of      428
Evoked response potentials      20
Evolutionary modifications      7—8
Excitatory cells      39f
Excitatory interneurons in segmental swimming model      390f 392
Excitatory interneurons symmetrical coupling of      394f
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs)      20
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) CA3 cell generation of      289
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) potentiation of      304
Exclusive "or" (XOR)      107—115
Exclusive "or" (XOR) showing weights      111f
Extensor muscles, control of      385
Eye muscles      355
Eye tracking systems      369—371
Eye tracking systems and image velocity      372—373
Eye tracking systems of moving target      373f
Eyes cutaway drawing of in orbit      355f
Eyes development of ocular dominance of      311
Eyes different views of      190f
Eyes fixation points of      191f
Eyes movement of      195 234—235
Eyes movement of circuitry controlling      356—358 369—371
Eyes movement of compensatory      354—356 363
Eyes movement of muscles responsible for      355f
Eyes movement of problems of      361
Eyes normal distance between      189
Eyes pattern of nonoverlapping connections of neurons to      310
Eyes separation of      199
Eyes velocity of      372—373 374f
Faces, dimensions of variation in      167f
False stereo vision      195
Far cells      207
Farness      208
Feature space      see “State space”
Feedback and recognition defects      321
Feedback connections for in brain system      31
Feedback external vs. internal      97
Feedback externalizing of      102
Feedback loops      120
Feedback networks      84—85
Feedback networks capacities of      117

Feedback networks nonlinear      84f
Feedback visual projections of      23
Feedback ways of putting into network      121—122
Feedforward connections anti-Hebbian learning rule for      215
Feedforward connections in brain system      31
Feedforward networks      77f 100f 107
Feedforward networks as reactive system      115—117
Feedforward networks discriminating sonar echoes      112—115
Feedforward networks exclusive "or"      107—115
Figure-ground network diagram of      94f
Figure-ground network resolution of ambiguities in      117
Figure-ground network segmentation      82
Figure-ground network solution of      92—93
Figure-ground network states of at successive stages during simulated annealing      95f
Figure-ground network summary of connections and weights for      94f
Figure-ground reversal      82 83
Fixation cells      207
Fixation plane      208
Fixation plane cells responding to stimuli at      228
Fixed camera vision, vs animate vision      422f
Flexion reflex      382
Flexor muscles, control of      385
Floccular-VN interface, modification at      375
Flocculus, direct neuronal input from      371—372
Fluorescent dyes, ion-sensitive      436—437
Forget, inability to      295
Fovea      148
Fovea changing position of      191
Fovea receptors of      226
Fovea resolution at      225
Foveation      188
Free-fusing      193
Frontal cortex, anatomy of      23—24
Function computable and noncomputable      62
Function discontinuous      63
Function linear and nonlinear      62—65
Function nonmathematical      68—69
Function of biological structure      68—69
Fura-2 dye      436—437
Fusion efficiency, and high-resolution perception      207
Fusion — Net      202 203
Fusion — Net characteristics of      207—208
Fusion — Net collective activity of various units in      207f
Fusion — Net compatibility of with phylogenetic development data      209
Fusion — Net evolutionary significance of      208—209
Fusion — Net gray-scale levels as input for      205f
Fusion — Net neurobiological plausibility of      208
Fusion — Net output of      206—207
Fusion — Net output of at high-resolution "fixation" layer      205
Fusion — Net power of      209
Fusion — Net reduction of noise and ambiguity in      213—215
Fusion — Net repeating architecture of      204
Fusion — Net training of      21 5
Fusion-latency      211—212
GABA cells      39f
GABA-A receptor agonist      316
Gain fields      231—233
Galvanometer      437—438
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) fast and slow receptors for      287
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibitory effect of      431
Ganglion cells center-surround organization of      53 55f
Ganglion cells classes of      148—149
Ganglion cells retinal      148 149 160 171
Ganglion cells types of      43
Gating network      129
Gating network in system of mini-nets      130f
Gaussian function      216
Gaze control mechanisms      422
Gaze control mechanisms in primates      356f
Gaze shifts      195
Genetic cloning techniques      431
Geniculocortical afferents, connectivity of      312
Geometric articulation      64
Gestalts      83
Gill withdrawal reflex      29
Global minimum      9
Global minimum problems in perception requiring      91
Global optimization      89
Glutamate excitatory effect of      259—260
Glutamate extracellular in long-term potentiation      273
Glutamate receptors blocking of      430—431
Glutamate receptors sites of      260
Glycine, in neuronal plasticity      260
Gradient descent      106 107
Gradient descent with straight line curve fitting      107
Grandmother cell theory      162
Grandmother cells      179—182
Graphemes, mapping of onto phonemes      323—324
Great Chain of Being      141
Grillner model      15
Grillner model intrinsic cell properties in      410
Grillner model rhythms in      409
Habitual stimulation, alteration of cortical maps after      57f
Habituation      350
Habituation changes in peak synaptic potentials following      351f
Half-center circuit      387—388
Half-center circuit diagram of      386
Half-center circuit input to      398
Half-center circuit network model of      388—389
Half-center organization      385
Half-center oscillator      388
Heartbeat      381
Hebb network      81
Hebb rule      80—81 98
Hebb, Donald, and synaptic plasticity      250—254
Hebbian learning      98—99 251—252
Herpes simplex encephalitis, with temporal lobe lesions      244
Heteroassociative network      81
Hidden units      99 138
Hidden units assignment of      99
Hidden units automating weight-setting for      109
Hidden units distribution of rotation axes preferred by      362f
Hidden units error for      110
Hidden units in extracting higher-order features      99 112
Hidden units in extracting information      185—186
Hidden units in VOR      361
Hidden units large number of in exclusive "or" net      112—113
Hidden units learning in      101—102
Hidden units NETtalk and analysis of      115 118—119f
Hidden units nonlinear      99—100
Hidden units nonlinear learning to extract higher-order properties      100—101
Hidden units receptive field properties of      186
Hidden units weights of      100
High-level phenomena, explanation of in terms of lower-level phenomena      415
Hippocampus (cont) wiring patterns, cell morphology, and synaptic distribution in      255—257
Hippocampus (cont) wiring properties of      284
Hippocampus anatomy of      284—285
Hippocampus and consolidation      282
Hippocampus and learning      243—250 282
Hippocampus bilateral ablation of      283f
Hippocampus CA1 region of      256f 284
Hippocampus CA1 region of averaged sharp waves from      266
Hippocampus CA1 region of cell populations of      263—264
Hippocampus CA1 region of theta waves from      263—264
Hippocampus CA3 as self-correcting feedback      287
Hippocampus CA3 recurrent collaterals in      286—287
Hippocampus CA3 region of      284—285 289
Hippocampus CA3 temporary memory storage in      273
Hippocampus circuits of      288—289f
Hippocampus connections of      285f
Hippocampus connectivity patterns of pyramidal cells of      280
Hippocampus content-addressable memory of      281
Hippocampus coronal section through      247f
Hippocampus functions of      284
Hippocampus in long-term memory storage      281
Hippocampus in recognition memory      286
Hippocampus lesions of      442
Hippocampus location of      242—243f
Hippocampus recording sites in CAl pyramidal cells      292—293f
Hippocampus strategic location of      248

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