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Sidgwick N.V. — The electronic theory of valency
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Название: The electronic theory of valencyАвтор: Sidgwick N.V. Аннотация: This book aims at giving a general account of the principles of valency and molecular constitlltion, founded on tI1e Rutherforcl-Bohr atom. In dev'eloping the theory of valency there are two courses open to the chemist. He may use symbols ,with no definite physical connotation to express the reacti,rity of the atoms in a molecule, and may leave it to the subseqtlent progress of science to discover what realities these symbols represent: or he may adopt the concepts of atomic physics-electrons, nuclei, and orbits-and try to explain the chemical facts in terms of these. But if he takes the latter course, as is done in this book, he must accept the physical conclusions in full, and must not assign to these entities properties which the physicists have found them not to possess: he must not use the terminology of pl1ysics unless he is prepared to recognize its laws. I have endeavoured to conform to this principle, and not to lay mysetf open to the reproach of an eminent physicist, that when chemists talk about electrons they tlSe a different lang'uage from physicists. I have been careful to avoid as far as possible the introduction of any physical llypotllcses wllich are not already sanctioned by those who are best qualified to judge of them.
Язык: Рубрика: Физика /Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц ed2k: ed2k stats Издание: 1st editionГод издания: 1929Количество страниц: 310Добавлена в каталог: 30.08.2009Операции: Положить на полку |
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Предметный указатель
Nuclear atom, importance of charge 6 8 Nuclear atom, Rutherford's 5 Nucleus, charge of, effect on orbits 38 40 Nucleus, intensity of magnetic field near 204 Nucleus, structure of 12 Number, atomic, and nuclear atom Chapter I 1 Octet, formation of 173 Octet, fully shared, stability of 175 Octet, fully shared, state of 101 Octet, mixed 173 276 Octet, theory of Langmuir 62 Octet, theory of Lewis 62 Odd covalencies 161 Odd molecules 178 Odd molecules, paramagnetism of 211 Oersted, H.C. 204 One-electron covalencies 102 One-electron covalencies and parachor 131 Onnes, H.K. 211 optical spectra 36 Orbits, electronic, dimensions of, for hydrogen 20 Orbits, electronic, influence of nuclear charge on 38 40 Orbits, electronic, magnetic moment of 205 207 Orbits, electronic, of shared electrons 98 100 Orbits, electronic, precession of 25 Orbits, electronic, types of 26 27 Ortho-substituted phenols, chelate structure of 147 Osmium 296 Osmium tetroxide 296 297 Osmium tetroxide and covalency rule 160 Osmium tetroxide, parachor and structure of 128 Ostwald, W. 85 Oxalate ion, hydration of 195 Oxalato-compounds 239 Oximes, stereochemistry of 221 Oxonium compounds 66 283 Oxygen 283 Oxygen, comparison with sulphur 284 Oxygen, paramagnetism of 211 Oxygen, stereochemistry of 222 Palladium 298 Palladium, structure of 47 Paneth, F. 87 Parachor 124 Parachor and molecular volume 124 Parachor and size of valency group 129 Parachor and surface tension 125 Parachor and the co-ordinate link 127 Parachor and the one-electron link 131 Parachor of antimony pentachloride 130 Parachor of osmium tetroxide 128 Parachor of phosphorus pentachloride 130 Parachor of sulphur trioxide 129 Parachor, values of, for elements 126 Paraffins, hydrates of 187 Paraffins, minute solvent power of 150 Paramagnetism and effective atomic number 215 Paramagnetism and imperfect electronic groups 213 Paramagnetism and molecular structure 216 Paramagnetism of complex ions 214 Paramagnetism of gases 211 Paramagnetism of nitric oxide 211 Paramagnetism of odd molecules 211 Paramagnetism of oxygen 211 Paramagnetism of rare earth metals 43 213 Paramagnetism of simple ions 211 Paramagnetism of transitional elements 41 212 Pascal, M.P. 206 Paschen series of hydrogen 21 Paschen, F. 23 34 37 Pauli, W. 208 Peachey, S.J. 219 226 227 Perhalides 292 Periodic classification and the Bohr theory Chapter III 25 Periodic groups Chapter XV 256 Periodic table and atomic structure 29 40 Periodic table and covalency 104 Periodic table and valency Chapter V 74 Periodic table, Bohr's form of (diagram) 39 Periodic table, development of (Bury) 29 Periodic table, distribution of ions in 77 104 Periodic table, Mendeleeff's form modified (diagram) 75 Permanganates 294 Perrin, J. 2 Pfeiffer, P. 198 Phenols, ortho-substituted, chelate structure of 147 Phillips, H. 228 229 Phipps, T.E. 210 Phosphorus atom, structure of, in compounds 173 Phosphorus, pentachloride, parachor 130 Phosphorus, stereochemistry of 225 Piccard, A. 211 Pickering 22 23 Pickering series of ionized helium 22 Planck, M., theory of quanta 15 16 18 19 Plane symmetry of 4-covalent atoms, cobalt (supposed) 230 Plane symmetry of 4-covalent atoms, platinum 229 Plane symmetry of 4-covalent atoms, tellurium 231 Platinammines, effective atomic number 165 Platinammines, ionization 111 Platinum 298 Plato, W. 223 Poincare, H. 15 Polar links 52 Polar links, Kossel's theory of 54 Polynuclear co-ordination compounds 244 Pope, W.J. 219 226 227 228 248 Positive electrons or protons 6 Positive vapour pressure curves 140 142 Precession of orbits of electrons 25 26 Precession of orbits of shared electrons 100 Price, T.S. 252 Proton, definition of 6 Proton, dimensions of 9 Pure and mixed valency groups 170 Quantum number of shared electrons 100 164 Quantum number, azimuthal and radial 25 Quantum number, third 34 Quantum theory, Bohr's application to atom 17 Quantum theory, evidence for 15 Quantum theory, Planck's theory 16 Quinones, stability of 250 note Radial and azimuthal quantum numbers 25 Radioactive displacement law 7 Ramsay, W. 1 114 135 Raper, R. 225 Rare earth metals 266 Rare earth metals, colour of 43 Rare earth metals, paramagnetism of 43 213 Rare earth metals, structure of 43 Rayleigh, Lord 1 Rays, atomic, magnetic moment of 208 Reed, J.B. 125 Reihlen, H. 230 Residual rays or Reststrahlen 90 Rhodium 297 Richards, T.W. 12 Richardson, O.W. 34 Riesenmolekuele 90 Rings, chelate, 4-membered 243 Rings, chelate, 5-membered 245 Rings, chelate, 6-membered 247 Rings, chelate, 6-membered, with two double links 248 Rings, chelate, 7- and 8-membered 251 Rings, chelate, stability of, and size of atoms 239 Rings, chelate, types of 239 Ritz, W., combination principle 20 Rodebush, W.H. 98 Roentgen, W.C. 1 Rosenbohm, E. 215 Rosenheim, A. 223 Rotation of doubly linked atoms 99 Rubens, H., Reststrahlen 90 Ruehle, C. 130 Russell, A.S., radioactive displacement law 7 Ruthenium 296 Ruthenium, tetroxide and covalency rule 160 Rutherford, E., nuclear atom 5 6 14 Rydberg, J.R., atomic numbers of inert gases 28 Rydberg, J.R., constant 21 Rydberg, J.R., spectral series 22 Salicylic acid, structure of derivatives of 242 Scandium 266 Scandium, structure of 40 Scattering of rays by atoms 5 Scheibler, H. 180 Schlenk, W. 154 260 Schoenmaker, P. 130 Schultz, G. 234 Selenium 285 Selenium, covalency maximum 156 158 Selenium, stereochemistry 227 Semi-polar link 60 71 Seven-membered rings 251 Shared electrons,distinction of, in formulae 164 Shared electrons,Lewis's theory of 56 Shared electrons,orbits of 98 Shared electrons,precession of orbits of 100 Shared electrons,quantum numbers of 100 164 Sidgwick, N.V. 112 145 147 148 152 155 156 193 197 Siegbahn, M. 33 Silicofluorides 68 Silicon 272 Silicon atom, structure of, in compounds 172 Silicon, chains, hydrolysis of 159 Silicon, stereochemistry of 225 Silver 260 Silver, halides, compounds with ammonia 203 Silver, magnetic moment of, in vapour 209 Six-membered rings 247 Size of atoms 9 Size of atoms and stability of rings 239 Size of ions and hydration 197 Size of ions and lattice energy of ammoniates 202 Smedley, I. 252 Smiles, S. 227 Smith, H.G. 46 Smith, J.D. Main 34 101 178 Smits, A. 130 Soddy, F., isotopes 11 Soddy, F., radioactive displacement law 7 Sodium 259 Sodium, alkyl and aryl derivatives 260 Sodium, chelate compounds 146 Solubility 138 Solubility and association 138 144 Solubility and heat of fusion 140 Solubility and structure 89 145 Solubility and vapour pressure 139 Solubility, "natural" 141 Solubility, essential conditions of 139 Solubility, mutual, of metals 151 Solution, apparent heat of 148 Solution, evidence of solvation in 190 Solvation Chapter XI 185 Sommer, L.A. 42 44 45 46 Sommerfeld, A., Atomic Structure 42 46 Sommerfeld, A., crystal structure and ionization 92 105 107 Sommerfeld, A., definition of valency 182 Sommerfeld, A., fine structure of hydrogen lines 23 25 34 Sommerfeld, A., inert pair of electrons 179 Sommerfeld, A., references 37 101 208 Space quantization 209 Spark spectra 36 Spectra, arc and spark 36 Spectra, displacement law 37 Spectra, hot spark 37 Spectra, multiplets in 37 Spectra, optical 36 Spectra, series of hydrogen 21 Spectra, series of ionized helium 22 Spectra, X-ray absorption 32 Spinning electron 34 Stability of atomic structures 38 Stable valency groups Chapter X 163 Stannic chloride, ionized or covalent 92 Stark, J. 44 53 Stationary states 18 Stationary states of hydrogen atom 20 Staudinger, H. 154 Stereochemical relations Chapter XIII 219 Stereoisomerism a proof of covalency 86 Stern and Gerlach, magnetic moments of atomic rays 209 Stern, O. 208 209 Stock, A. 103 Stoner, E.C., magnetic relations 204 215 Stoner, E.C., references 206 208 209 267 Stoner, E.C., scheme of distribution of electrons 34 46 101 178 Strain in rings 238 Strain, theory of Baeyer 236 Strong electrolytes, Debye's theory of 94 Subgroups of electrons 31 Sugden, S., parachor 124—131 Sugden, S., references 65 153 228 Sulphate ion, hydration of 195 Sulphato-compounds 239 243 Sulphonium compounds 283 Sulphur 283 Sulphur atom, structure of, in compounds 173 Sulphur, comparison with chromium 80 Sulphur, comparison with oxygen 284 Sulphur, dioxide, a pure donor 137 Sulphur, hexafluoride, valency group of 62 Sulphur, stereochemistry of 227 Sulphur, tricovalent, stereochemistry of 228 Sulphur, trioxide, parachor and structure 129 Sulphuric acid, structure 286 Surface tension and parachor 125 Tantalum 281 Taylor, J.B. 210 Taylor, T.W.J. 249 251 Telluric acid, structure 286 Tellurium 286 Tellurium, 4-covalent, plane symmetry of 231 Tetrahalides, volatility of 175 Thallium 267 Thallium, chelate compounds of 146 Thallium, inert pair of electrons in 180 Thallium, magnetic moment of, in vapour 210 Thiele, J. 250 Third quantum number 34 Thomson, J.J., atomic model 4 14 18 Thomson, J.J., dielectric constant and ionizing power 132 Thomson, J.J., the electron and valency 52 Thomson, J.J., theory of the electron 2 Tin 270 Tin, stereochemistry of 226 Tin, tetrachloride, structure of 92 Townsend, J.S.E. 3 Transference of electrons in salts 54 Transition between electrovalencies and covalencies 92 Transitional elements in second long period 42 Transitional elements, characteristics of 41 Transitional elements, chemical peculiarities of 80 81 Transitional elements, colour of 41 Transitional elements, copper, transitional properties of 42 Transitional elements, core of 76 171 176 Transitional elements, definition of 45 Transitional elements, form no mixed octets 174 Transitional elements, hydration of ions of 216
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