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Slater J.C. — Introduction To Chemical Physics
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Íàçâàíèå: Introduction To Chemical Physics
Àâòîð: Slater J.C.
Àííîòàöèÿ: It is probably unfortunate that physics and chemistry over were separated. Chemistry is the science of atoms and of the way they com bine. Physics deals with the interatomic forces and with the large-scale properties of matter resulting from those forces. So long as chemistry was largely empirical and nonmathematical, and physics had not learned how to treat small-scale atomic forces, the two sciences seemed widely separated. But with statistical mechanics and the kinetic theory on the one hand and physical chemistry on the other, the two sciences began to come together. Now that statistical mechanics has led to quantum theory and wave mechanics, with its explanations of atomic interactions, there is really nothing separating them any more. A few years ago, though their ideas were close together, their experimental methods were still quite different chemists dealt with things in test tubes, making solutions, pre cipitating and filtering and evaporating, while physicists measured every thing with galvanometers and spectroscopes. But even this distinction has disappeared, with more and more physical apparatus finding its way into chemical laboratories. A wide range of study is common to both subjects. The sooner we realize this the better. For want of abetter name, since Physical Chemistry is already preempted, we may call this common field Chemical Physics. It is an overlapping field in which both physicists and chemists should be trained. There 4 seems no valid reason why their training in it should differ. This book is an attempt to incorporate some of the material of this common field in a unified presentation. What should be included in a discussion of chemical physics Logi cally, we should start with fundamental principles. We should begin with mechanics, then present electromagnetic theory, and should work up to wave mechanics and quantum theory.
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Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö
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Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1939
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 521
Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 18.08.2009
Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
Ñêîïèðîâàòü ññûëêó äëÿ ôîðóìà | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ID
Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü
a priori probability 36 38 127
Absorption of radiation 309—310 322—333
Absorptivity 309—310 325—326
Acetic acid, data regarding melting point 259
Acetic acid, heat of vaporization 434
Acetic acid, structure of molecule 427
Acetic acid, Van der Waals constants 408
Acetylene, structure of molecule 428
Acetylene, Van der Waals constants 408
Activation, energy of 159—164 257
Adiabatic processes 13 17—19
Aliphatic compounds 420—428
Alkali halides, data regarding crystals 381 393 395
Alkali halides, data regarding melting point 259
Alkali halides, equation of state 390—396
Alkali halides, residual rays 254—255
Alkali halides, specific heat 253
Alloys 270—290 458—459
Aluminum, crystal structure 447
Aluminum, data regarding melting point 259 261
Aluminum, Debye temperature 237
Aluminum, equation of state and crystal structure 451 454
Aluminum, molecular volume 261
Aluminum, specific heat 236
Aluminum, thermal expansion 261
Ammonia, data regarding melting point 259
Ammonia, formation of ammonium complex 272—273
Ammonia, heat of vaporization 414
Ammonia, valence structure of molecule 401
Ammonia, Van der Waals constants 408
Ammonium bromide, data regarding crystals 382
Ammonium bromide, rotation of ions 300
Ammonium chloride, data regarding crystals 381
Ammonium chloride, rotation of ions 293 300
Ammonium iodide, data regarding crystals 382
Ammonium ion 357 378
Angular momentum, quantization 40 135 339
annealing 282
Antimony, crystal structure 447 449
Antimony, data regarding melting point 259
Argon, atomic volume 384
Argon, data regarding crystals 416
Argon, data regarding melting point 259
Argon, specific heat 130
Argon, Van der Waals constants 408
Aromatic compounds 428—432
Arsenic, crystal structure 447 449
Assembly, canonical 46—53
Assembly, canonical, fluctuations in 101—111
Assembly, in molecular phase space 69—72
Assembly, microcanonical 46
Assembly, statistical 32—35
Atomic number 336
Atoms, structure 321—351
Attractive forces between molecules 130—133
Attractive forces between molecules and atomic theory 352—376
Attractive forces between molecules and Van der Waals' equation 182—184 194—196
Attractive forces between molecules Avogadro's law 60
Attractive forces between molecules in solutions 271—277
Avogadro's number 60—61 128
Barium chloride, data regarding melting point 259
Barium oxide, sulphate, selenide, telluride, data regarding crystals 381
Barium, crystal structure 447
Barium, equation of state 451
Barometer formula 62—64
Benzene, data regarding melting point 259
Benzene, structure of molecule 428—431
Benzene, Van der Waals constants 408
Beryllium oxide, sulphide, selenide, telluride, data regarding crystals 382
Beryllium, crystal structure 447
Beryllium, equation of state 451
Binary systems, phase equilibrium 270—290
Bismuth, crystal structure 447—449
Bismuth, data regarding melting point 259
Black-body radiation 307—320 325—326
Black-body radiation and Einstein — Bose statistics 85
Body-centered cubic structure, and metals 445—447
Body-centered cubic structure, and molecular vibrations 232
Body-centered cubic structure, and order-disorder 293
Bohr, frequency condition 323
Bohr, hydrogen atom 340
Boiling point 166—169 171—180
Boiling point of chain compounds 422
Boltzmann factor, and thermionic emission 468
Boltzmann statistics, and kinetic method 86—96
Boltzmann statistics, application to perfect gas 115—129
Boltzmann statistics, fluctuations 101—104 109
Boltzmann statistics, relation to Fermi — Dirac and Einstein — Bose statistics 68—72
Boltzmann's constant 33 61
Boltzmann's H theorem 90
Boltzmann's relation between probability and entropy 34
Boundary conditions, vibrating chain of atoms 244
Boundary conditions, vibrating solid 227—228
Boyle's law 30 60
Boyle's law, deviations from 190—198
Brass, phase equilibrium 270 287—288
Bridgman 24 181 201 220
Brillouin zone, and electrons in metals 493—501
Brillouin zone, and molecular vibrations 233
Bromine, characteristic temperature, and homopolar bonds 400—408
Bromine, characteristic temperature, and organic compounds 425—426
Bromine, characteristic temperature, for rotation 136
Bromine, characteristic temperature, for vibration 142
Bromine, characteristic temperature, heat of dissociation, interatomic distance, Morse constant 132
Butane, heat of vaporization 434
Butane, structure of molecule 421
Butane, Van der Waals constants 408
Cadmium oxide, sulphide, selenide, telluride, data regarding crystals 382
Cadmium, crystal structure 447
Cadmium, data regarding melting point 259 261
Cadmium, Debye temperature 237
Cadmium, equation of state and energy 451 454
Cadmium, molecular volume 267
Cadmium, thermal expansion 261
Caesium bromide, fluoride, iodide, data regarding crystals 381
Caesium chloride, crystal structure 378—379 381
Caesium, compressibility 202
Caesium, compressibility, crystal structure 447
Caesium, compressibility, data regarding melting point 259
Caesium, compressibility, equation of state and energy 451 454
Calcite structure 397—398
Calcium carbonate, structure 397—398
Calcium chloride, data regarding melting point 259
Calcium oxide, sulphide, selenide, telluride, data regarding crystals 381
Calcium, crystal structure 447
Calcium, crystal structure, equation of state and energy 451 454
Calcium, crystal structure, phase equilibrium in alloys 274
Caloric theory of heat 4—6
Calorie 6
Calorie numerical value 8
Canonical assembly 46—51
Canonical assembly and Maxwell — Boltzmann distribution 52—53
Carbon bisulphide, Van der Waals constant 408
Carbon dioxide, data regarding melting point 259
Carbon dioxide, heat of vaporization 414
Carbon dioxide, triple point 167
Carbon dioxide, valence structure of molecule 405
Carbon dioxide, Van der Waals constants 408 411
Carbon dioxide, vapor pressure and latent heat of vaporization 188—189
Carbon monoxide, characteristic temperature, for rotation 136
Carbon monoxide, characteristic temperature, for vibration 142
Carbon monoxide, crystal structure 417
Carbon monoxide, data regarding melting point 259
Carbon monoxide, dissociation 133
Carbon monoxide, heat of dissociation, interatomic distance, Morse constant 132
Carbon monoxide, heat of vaporization 414
Carbon monoxide, Van der Waals constants 408 411
Carbon monoxide, vibrational specific heat 144—145
Carbon tetrachloride, boiling point 426
Carbon tetrachloride, data regarding melting point 259
Carbon, (diamond), crystal structure 379 424
Carbon, (diamond), crystal structure Debye temperature 237
Carbon, (diamond), crystal structure energy bands 500
Carbon, (diamond), crystal structure energy constants 455
Carbon, (graphite), crystal structure 429
Carbon, (molecule), characteristic temperature, of rotation 136
Carbon, (molecule), characteristic temperature, of vibration 142
Carbon, and homopolar bonds 400—407
Carbon, and organic compounds 420—434
Carbon, heat of dissociation, interatomic distance, Morse constant 132
Carbonate ion, valence structure 406
Carboxyl group 427
Cells in phase space 38—43
Cells in phase space and Fermi — Dirac and Einstein — Bose statistics 65—85
Cells in phase space and interatomic forces 369
Cells in phase space and kinetic method 86—100
CH, characteristic temperature, for rotation 136
CH, characteristic temperature, for vibration 142
CH, heat of dissociation, interatomic distance, Morse constant 132
Change of phase 23 166—190 256—269
Characteristic temperature, for atomic vibrations in crystals, Debye 235—236
Characteristic temperature, for ionization 322 335
Characteristic temperature, for rotation 136
Characteristic temperature, for vibration, diatomic molecules 141—142
Charles's law 60
Chemical constant, and chemical equilibrium 155—156
Chemical constant, and thermionic emission 463—464
Chemical constant, and vapor pressure 178—180
Chemical constant, of diatomic gas 140
Chemical constant, of monatomic gas 118 120 128
Chemical equilibrium 150—165
Chlorine, and homopolar bond 400—408
Chlorine, and organic compounds 425—426
Chlorine, characteristic temperature, for rotation 136
Chlorine, characteristic temperature, for vibration 142
Chlorine, data regarding melting point 259
Chlorine, heat of dissociation, interatomic distance, Morse constant 132
Chlorine, Van der Waals constants 408
Chloroform, boiling point 426
Chloroform, heat of vaporization 434
Chloroform, Van der Waals constants 408
Chromium, crystal structure 447
Chromium, data regarding melting point 259
Chromium, equation of state and crystal structure 451 454
Clapeyron's equation 174—181 220
Clay, structure 440
Cobalt, crystal structure 447
Cobalt, data regarding melting point 259
Cobalt, equation of state and energy 451 454
Cold-working 457
Collisions, and chemical reactions 150—154 158—165
Collisions, and electrical resistance 487—489
Collisions, and radiation 326—333
Collisions, effect on approach to equilibrium 86—92 96—100
Collisions, elastic 327
Collisions, inelastic 327
Collisions, of electron and metal 460—467
Collisions, of second kind 331
Complexion 33—43
Complexion and Fermi — Dirac and Einstein — Bose statistics 65—85
Compressibility, and entropy of melting 261
Compressibility, and fluctuations 110
Compressibility, and thermal expansion 238—240
Compressibility, and thermodynamics 19
Compressibility, of alkali halides 392—395
Compressibility, of metals 452—454
Compressibility, of solids 200—205 218—221
Compressibility, of water and ice 170
Concentration, and chemical equilibrium 153—154
Concentration, and mixtures of gases 121—124
Concentration, and phase equilibrium in binary systems 270—290
Conductivity, electrical 456 484—489 495—501
Configuration, atomic 342
Configuration, table of 346—347
Conservation of energy 3—9
Conservative force 3
Contact difference of potential 467—471 480—482
Copper, alloys with nickel 458
Copper, crystal structure 447
Copper, data regarding melting point 259
Copper, Debye temperature 237
Copper, energies of electrons in atom 341
Copper, equation of state and energy 451 454
Copper, order-disorder in alloys 293—304
Copper, phase equilibrium in alloys 270 279—282 287—288
Corresponding states, and Van der Waals' equation 187
Coulomb energy 353 361—363 368—369
covalent bond 373—376 400—407
Covalent bond and organic compounds 420—434
Covalent bond and silicates 435—443
Cristobalite structure 441
Critical point 166—169
Critical point and phase changes of second order 291
Critical point and Van der Waals equation 184—187
Crystals, and liquid 256—258
Crystals, electric field in 473 489—501
Crystals, equation of state 211—221
Crystals, ionic 375 377—399
Crystals, molecular 414—419
Crystals, of metals 444—451
Cuprous chloride, bromide, iodide, data regarding crystals 382
Curie point 292 297—304
Cyclohexane, structure of molecule 424
Debye, ionic crystals 390—393
Debye, specific heat of solids 222—240 245 253—255
Decane, heat of vaporization 434
Decane, Van der Waals constants 408
Degeneracy, in space quantization 139 339
Degradation of energy 12
Degree of order 294—304
dependent variables 17—18
Detailed balancing 91
Detailed balancing and radiation 324
Diamond, crystal structure 379 424 444—447
Diamond, energy bands 500
Diamond, melting point 449
diatomic molecules 130—145 400—414
Diatomic molecules, comparison with metals 455
Dichlorbenzene, structure of molecule 431
dielectric constant 365
Dielectric constant and Van der Waals forces 411
Diffusion 12—13
Dimethylamine, structure of molecule 427
Dimethylamine, Van der Waals constants 408
Dipoles 354—361
Dipoles moment of HC1 and HBr 404—405
Dipoles moments of molecules, table 408
Disorder 10—12 32—38 43—46
Disorder in alloys 293—304
Dispersion of elastic waves 223 234 244
Dissociation 152—154
Distribution function 33—35 46—51
Distribution function for fluctuations 104—107
Distribution function in Fermi — Dirac and Einstein — Bose statistics 65—85
Distribution function in Maxwell — Botzmann statistics 52—64
Double bonds 401—402 428 431
Ductility 456
Dulong and Petit's law 213
Dulong and Petit's law, deviations from 222—240
Effective volume of molecules, and Van der Waals' equation 183 195—196
Einstein — Bose statistics 52 65—85
Einstein — Bose statistics and black-body radiation 326
Einstein — Bose statistics and fluctuations 108—109
Einstein — Bose statistics and kinetic method 96—100
Einstein — Bose statistics and perfect gas 126
Einstein, black-body radiation 324—326
Einstein, photoelectric effect 316—320
Einstein, specific heat functions, for gases 144 147
Einstein, specific heat functions, for solids 214-215 253
Elastic collisions 327
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