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Chaikin P., Lubensky T. — Principles of condensed matter physics
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Íàçâàíèå: Principles of condensed matter physicsÀâòîðû: Chaikin P., Lubensky T. Àííîòàöèÿ: Now in paperback, this book provides an overview of the physics of condensed matter systems. Assuming a familiarity with the basics of quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics, the book establishes a general framework for describing condensed phases of matter based on symmetries and conservation laws. After surveying the structure and properties of materials with different symmetries, it explores the role of spatial dimensionality and microscopic interactions in determining the nature of phase transitions. Particular attention is given to critical phenomena and renormalization group methods. The properties of liquids, liquid crystals, quasicrystals, crystalline solids, magnetically ordered systems and amorphous solids are investigated in terms of their symmetry, generalized rigidity, hydrodynamics and topological defect structure. In addition to serving as a course text, this book is an essential reference for students and researchers in physics, applied physics, chemistry, materials science and engineering, who are interested in modern condensed matter physics.
ßçûê: Ðóáðèêà: Ôèçèêà /Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö ed2k: ed2k stats Èçäàíèå: 1Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1995Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 699Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 06.12.2013Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
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Models, stochastic, dissipative models, model B (Cahn — Hilliard) 468 488 Models, stochastic, dissipative models, model C 469 Models, stochastic, with Poisson brackets 475—7 Models, stochastic, with Poisson brackets, model G (anti-ferromagnet) 477 Models, stochastic, with Poisson brackets, model H (liquid-gas critical point) 476 Models, stochastic, with Poisson brackets, model J (isotropic ferromagnet) 477 Models, stochastic, with Poisson brackets, models E&F, (planar ferromagent and superfluid He) 476 Modulated phase 186 677 Molecular field 148 677 Molecular orbital approximation 25 677 Momentum density 1 441 Momentum shell renormalization group 256—75 Monge gauge 620—1 625—6 677 Multicritical point 172—5 209—10 235—6 678 Multiple scattering 33—4 678 Natural function 112 426 Natural variables 112 Navier — Stokes equations 448—9 678 Nematic liquid crystals 14 58—63 Nematic liquid crystals, cells with non-uniform 300—2 Nematic liquid crystals, fluctuations and light scattering 306 Nematic liquid crystals, Frank elastic energy 298—300 Nematic liquid crystals, Fredericksz transition 302—4 Nematic liquid crystals, homotopy group 524 Nematic liquid crystals, hydrodynamics 434—6 Nematic liquid crystals, order parameter 168 307 420 Nematic liquid crystals, rigid rotor dynamics 417—34 Nematic liquid crystals, topological defects 524—27 Nematic liquid crystals, transition to isotropic phase 168—72 Nematic liquid crystals, transition to smectic phase 210 315 Nematic liquid crystals, twisted nematic (cholesteric) 60 64 Nematic liquid crystals, twisted nematic display 304 Nematogens 171 678 Nernst theorem 111 678 Neutron scattering 7 33—4 87 91 97 400—7 Newton’s laws 441 Noise sources 382 Non-symmorphic space group 57 Nondissipative coefficients 418 Nonlinear sigma model 341 Nonlinearities, elasticity of solids 331 Nonlinearities, renormalization in fluid membranes 629—30 Nonlinearities, smectic elasticity 315 Nonlocal susceptibility 154—6 Normal plane, section 623—4 Normal-to-superconducting transition 157 571—3 Normal-to-superfluid transition 173 Normal-to-superfluid transition, Kosterlitz — Thouless in twoD films 551—5 Nucleation 13 480—3 678 Nucleation, conserved order parameters and spinodal decomposition 484 Nucleation, symmetric unstable quench with modal A, dynamics 483—4 Nucleation, with a nonconserved order parameter 480—3 Number density operator 34 octahedron 189 One-dimensional chains 72 One-dimensional crystal 322 One-dimensional order 15 One-dimensional order, in three-dimensional materials 71—7 One-dimensional order, Ising model 242—5 One-loop approximation 224 One-particle reducible diagrams 279 One-phonon scattering 407 Onsager reciprocity theorem 492 678 Onsager relation 454 678 Opalescence 4 165 Order parameters 128 133 231 Order parameters, see Order parameters, see ferromagnetic Order parameters, 156 Order parameters, see Order parameters, 139 289 460 Order parameters, and symmetry 139 Order parameters, antiferromagnetic 136 177 435 Order parameters, crystal 48 177 435 Order parameters, exponent 233 682 Order parameters, ferromagnetic 168 420 Order parameters, hexatic 68 Order parameters, Ising 152 Order parameters, liquid-gas 161 Order parameters, modulated 186 Order parameters, nematic 168 420 Order parameters, smectic 65 Order parameters, spaces and homotopy 501—6 Order parameters, superfluid heliem 460; see Order parameters, with more than two components 499—501 Order-disorder transition 135 230 Ordered systems, thermodynamics of 127—32 Organic conductor 77 Ornstein — Zernicke theory 156 165 679 Orthogonality condition 98 Osmotic compressibility 488 Overdamped oscillator 361 Pair correlation function 37 Pair distribution function 36 39 679 Pair distribution function, noninteracting gas 125 Paramagnetic phase 87 176 679 Paramagnetic state 128 Partial dislocations 516 Partition function 120 Pauli exclusion principle 20 Pauli spin operator 25 Penrose tile 83 679 Percolation 202 285 679 Percus — Yevick equation 40 Periodic boundary condition 98 Periodic solids 2 43 47 512—5; Permeation mode 458 Persistence length 628 679 Perturbation theory, diagrammatic 277—83 Phase space 117—22 Phasons 615—6 679 Phasons, pinned 617—8 Phonons 679; see sound photons 33—4 88; Planar curve 621 Planar magnet 436—8 plaquette 249 250 578 Plasma, classical 205 Plate-like molecule 68 Plumbers’ nightmare 71 74 327 679 Point scatterers 76 Poisson bracket 218 359 393 428 465 472—7 475—7 679 Poisson bracket, commutation, relation 432 Poisson ratio 378 533 680 Poisson ratio, negative 338 632 Poisson summation formula 582 589 680 Pokrovsky — Talapov free energy 636 648 680 Polarized light, scattering intensity 307 Pole structure and dynamic response 396—8 Polymerized membranes 633 Polymers 90—7 Poor solvent 93 671 Potts critical end-point 256 Potts lattice gas 253—6 Potts model 140 201—2 579—82 592—3 680 Potts model, and percolation 285—6 Potts model, four states 592—3 Power spectrum 355 683 Power-law peak 325 Pressure 110 116—17 335 340 344 444 449 455 459 462 Pressure, Laplace 487 675 Primitive translation vector 43 Primitive unit cell 43 Quadratic anisotropy 269 Quantized flux 572 Quantum fluctuation 10 Quasi — Bragg peak 61 313 325 Quasi-crystals 82—5 563 570 Quasi-elastic scattering 32 Quasi-long-range order (QLRO) 61 296 322 341 555 680; Quasi-periodic structures 77; see incommensurate Quasi-static process 110 Quench 483 Radial distribution function 37 40 93 Radius of gyration 91 680 Random close packed lattice 105 Random forces 381—3 Random isotropic fractals 90—7 Random phase approximation 226 Random walk 4 90 375 680 Random-close-packed spheres 41 Rayleigh peak 452 680 Rayleigh scattering 377—8 Reactive couplings 428 Reactive current 427 Reciprocal lattice 45 46 187 Reciprocal lattice, incommensurate 80 83 614 Reciprocal lattice, quasicrystal 85 Rectilinear diameters, law of 166 Relevant field 241 253 Renormalization group 242—75 681 Migdal Renormalization group, fluid membranes 624 Renormalization group, Kosterlitz — Thouless 542—50 554—57 Renormalization group, nonlinear 314—17 Renormalization group, polymerized membranes 625 resistors 381 Response functions 325 362—5 371—3; dynamic Response functions, diffusion 372 Response functions, dissipation 394—5 Response functions, fluctuation-dissipation theorem 387 397—8 Response functions, harmonic oscillator 362—5 Response functions, helium films 554 Response functions, hydrodynamic 425 430 452 Response functions, response to external fields 390—2 Response functions, spectral representations 395—7 Response functions, sum rules, and moment expansions 398 Response functions, symmetry properties of response functions 392—4 Rigid rod 58 Rigid rotors on a lattice 419—33 Rigidity 10; see elasticity Rod-like molecule 68 Rotational invariance 35 Rotationally isotropic 38 Roughening and faceting 648—55 Roughening and faceting, Gaussian model 645—6 Roughening and faceting, roughening transition 646—8 Roughening and faceting, solid-on-solid model 645—6 runaway 268 Saddle point 223—4 624 Scaled equation of state 234 Scaling 213 Scaling, corrections to 241 Scaling, dynamic 469 Scaling, energy density 240 Scaling, in critical phenomena 230—4 Scattering potential 47 Scattering, chapter 2 29—33 399—410; diffuse Schr 390 394 Schr 567 Screening in a classical plasma 207 Screw axis 57 Screw dislocation 509 522 532 Screw dislocation, energy of 532—3 539 SDS-pentanol-water lamellar smectic 314 Second law, thermodynamics 111 119 424 Second-order phase transition 5 144 213—83 Second-order phase transition, 175 Second-order phase transition, 179 Second-order phase transition, 156—7 202—4 263—73 Second-order phase transition, bicritical-tetracritical 181—3 209 Second-order phase transition, commensurate-incommensurate 77—82 89 603 640—3 Second-order phase transition, dislocation mediated melting 555—9 Second-order phase transition, EuO 235 Second-order phase transition, hexatic-isotropic fluid 558 Second-order phase transition, Ising 146—52 153—6 248—53 Second-order phase transition, Kosterlitz — Thouless 542—54 Second-order phase transition, Landau point in biaxial nematics 212 Second-order phase transition, Lifshitz 184—87 211 Second-order phase transition, liquid-gas 159—67 Second-order phase transition, nonlinear 314—6 Second-order phase transition, percolation 202 Second-order phase transition, Potts lattice gas 253—5 Second-order phase transition, roughening 643 Second-order phase transition, self-consistent field 226—30 Second-order phase transition, superconducting 158 571—3 Second-order phase transition, TGB-cholesteric 556—8 Second-order phase transition, TGB-smectic- 565—6 Second-order phase transition, tricritical 173—5 209 Self-avoiding random walk (SAW) 93—4 140 Self-consistent field approximation 226—30 Self-diffusion 376—8 Self-similar 90 681 Shear (transverse) sound mode 2 369 459 Shear distortion 8 317—18 shear modulus 320 555 Shear viscosity 447 Short-range order 58 322 Short-time behavior 385—7 Simple cubic (SC), lattice 53 Sine — Gordon 589 Sine — Gordon, soliton 599 Single scattering 33 Singular continuous function 604 SLIP 520 Smectic liquid crystals 58—65 681 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 15 61—5 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 308 507—12 561—73 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 309—12 536 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 308—16 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 312—14 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 456—9 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 314—15 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 61 308 315 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 509 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 315—16 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 158 216 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 564 682 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 66 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 61—4 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 506 509 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 64 506 Smectic liquid crystals, smectic- 68 70 Smoluchowski equation 388—9 473 Sodium nitrite 79 81 Soft mode 290 Solid-on-solid (SOS) models 645 Solitary wave 681 (see also solitons) Solitons 590 600 681 Solitons, sine — Gordon 599 (see also walls kinks Solvents 93 671 Solvents, 94 96 Sound 429 Sound velocity 429 Sound, first in superfluid helium 464 Sound, in model rotator system 429 Sound, longitudinal in crystal 460 Sound, longitudinal in elastic continuum 367 Sound, longitudinal in isotropic fluid 450 Sound, second in superfluid helium 454 Sound, third in superfluid helium films 553 Sound, transverse in crystals 460 Sound, transverse in elastic continuum 367 Spatial dimension 15 Spatial homogeneity 38 Specific heat 115 231 425 Specific heat, exponent 233 Spin correlation function 295 577—8 Spin dynamics 434—5 Spin systems, antiferromagnet isotropic 438—9 Spin systems, ferromagnets isotropic 439
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