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| Авторизация |
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| Поиск по указателям |
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| Pal S.K., Pal A. (eds.) — Pattern Recognition: From Classical to Modern Approaches |
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| Предметный указатель |
 -cut 439
 -optimal learning algorithm 77
-optimal stopping time 346
 -fuzzy measure 439 440
1-step look-ahead 177
2-step look-ahead 177
A posteriori probability 6 510
a priori probability 6
Abstraction 11
Activation function 302
Active contours 583 585
Adaptation cycles 304
Adaptive resampling 428
Adaptive segmentation 506
Admissible grammar 205
Aggregation 436
Aggregation connective 438
Ambiguous data 312 315 324
AND neuron 232 233
ANNs 13 474
Anti-formants 535
Artificial Neural Networks 13 474 see
Asymptotic error rate 34
Asymptotic error rate, definition 35
Asymptotic error rate, logistic regression 34
Asymptotic relative efficiency 34 35
Asymptotic relative efficiency, definition 35
Asymptotic relative efficiency, logistic regression 37
Asymptotic relative efficiency, logistic regression of intercept 37 38
Asymptotic relative efficiency, logistic regression of slope 37 38
Asymptotic relative efficiency, logistic regression, formula for 37
Autoassociative neural networks (AANNs) 547
Automata, common payoff game of 92
Automata, network of 98
Automata, team of 92
Automatic target recognition 506
Auxiliary node 481
Average reward 77
Backpropagation of error 14 98 303 550
BADD defuzzification 438
Bagging 428
Bayes classification rule 26 31 34
Bayes classifier 5 6 71 510
Bayes error rate 32—34
Bayes factor 130
Bayes theorem 71 148 155 281 510
Bayesian image analysis 148
Bayesian model 125
Biometric pattern recognition 580 581
Bird contamination 305
Bird detection 324
Bird removal 307
Bird removal system 323
Bird visualization 324
Bird-contaminated spectra 319
Bookstein coordinates 151
Boosting 428
Brownian motion 101
Busyness index 262
Canonical regular grammar 204
Case-based reasoning 17
Cepstral coefficients 544
Cepstral coefficients, LP 544
Cepstral coefficients, mel-scale 544 550
Character recognition 559
Chi-square statistic 170 172
child nodes 171
Choquet integral, discrete 265
Choquet integral, fuzzy 441
Chromosome 434 435
Chromosome, differentiation 354
Class label 69
Class-conditional densities 26 30 32
Class-conditional distributions 30
Class-conditional distributions from an identifiable family 38
Class-conditional error rate 31
Class-conditional error rate, sampling distribution of 49
Class-conditional variance 303
Class-conscious (CC) fusion methods 430
Class-indifferent (CI) fusion methods 430
Classical binary logic 256
Classical modus ponens 258
Classifiability 176 177 179
Classification error 432 437
Classification trees 9 433
Classifier 69 70
Classifier combination 426
Classifier fusion 429
Classifier fusion by OWA 437
Classifier, minimum distance 7
Classifier, modified minimum-distance 512
Cluster analysis 7 116
Clustering 4 7 116 289 456
Clustering, possibilistic 456
Clustering, with neural networks 290
Co-occurrence matrix 178
Combined learning 28 29 44 45 54 58
Common payoff game 81 83
Compensation parameter 438
Competence 441
Competitive learning 14
Complementarity 272
Computational theory of perception (CTP) 18
Computing with words 389
Concat (concatenation) operator 568
Concept approximation 384 389
Concept description 390
Conditional attributes 384
Conjunctive rules 263
Connected word recognition 546
Consonant-vowel (CV) utterance 550
Constraint satisfaction model (CSM) 551
Context sensitivity 246
Context space 246
Context-based clustering 245
Context-free grammar 192
Context-sensitive grammar 191
Continuous action set learning automata (CALA) 76 80 88
Continuous speech recognition 548
Covariance matrix of MLE 36
Covariance matrix of MLE with unsupervised learning 40
Covariance matrix of MLE, asymptotic 41
Covariance matrix, asymptotic, supervised 42
Covariance matrix, asymptotic, unsupervised 42
Crisp (exact) set 385
Crisp class label 426
Crisp decision trees 181
Cross-validation 176
Curse of dimensionality 543
Data Mining 17
Decametric image 261
Decision attributes 384
Decision rule 69 169
Decision rule, minimal 406
Decision templates 441
Decision tree, induction 170 179
Decision tree, induction based on look-ahead 176
Decision tree, induction, look-ahead methods for 170
Decision tree, induction, node splitting criteria for 171
Decision tree, pruning 170 174
Decision tree, pruning, critical value method 175
Decision tree, pruning, error-complexity based 174
Decision tree, pruning, generalization accuracy 174
Decision tree, pruning, heuristic methods of 175
Decision tree, pruning, minimal description length based 175
Decision tree, pruning, minimum error based 175
Decision tree, pruning, stopping criteria for 174
Decision tree, top-down induction of 169
Decision tree, validation of 176
Deformable templates 148 585—588
| Density estimators 7
Diffusion 99
Dirichlet distribution 122
Discriminant analysis 281
Discriminant function 72 86
Dissimilarity measure 522
Doubly stochastic models 548
Dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm 546
Edges in an image 153
Edit distance 572
Effective frontier 457
Efficiency, logistic regression 37
Efficiency, stochastic supervision 57
Efficiency, unreliable learning 52
Efficiency, unsupervised learning 42 43
EM algorithm 33 40
EM algorithm, beta supervisor 55
EM algorithm, combined learning 44
EM algorithm, learning from stochastic supervisor 55
EM algorithm, learning from unreliable supervisor 52
EM algorithm, logistic-normal supervisor 55
EM algorithm, stochastic supervision logistic-normal model 58
EM algorithm, unsupervised learning 40
Ensemble of classifiers 425
entropy 170 172
Enumerative grammatical inference 208
Epoch sequence 553 554
Erroneous wind profiler data 305
Error complexity based pruning 174
Error function 303
Error of reduct approximation 397
Error rate 30 32 35
Error rate, distribution 32
Error rate, overall 31—33
Error rate, overall, sampling distribution 49
Error-correcting grammar 220
Error-correcting tree grammar 224
Estimator algorithms 99
evidence 441
Evolutionary computation 433
Exact probability metric 173
Extinction 434
FCM clustering 12 243 245
Feature evaluation index 478 483
Feature extraction 4 543 590
Feature matching 594
Feature selection 4 473
Feature space 3 69
features 3 4 434 590
Feedback networks 552
Feedforward networks 93
Feedforward neural networks (FFNNs) 300
Finite action set learning automata (FALA) 76
Finite mixtures 117
Finite mixtures, identifiability of 118
Finite-state automaton 193
Fisher separability criterion 5
Fitness 435
Fitness function 434
Fixed spectral dissimilarity measure 523
Formal derivative of a set of strings 204
Formal language 8 190
Formal language, alphabet of 190
Formal power series 211
Formal power series, grammatical inference 209
Formal power series, Hankel matrix of 212
Formant contours 553 554
Formants 535 543
Fourier transform, discrete inverse 544
Fourier transform, fast 306
Freeman chain code 188
Function approximation 300
fuser 104
Fuzzy c-means algorithm 12 243 245
Fuzzy class label adjustment 244
Fuzzy clustering 12 256
Fuzzy decision tree induction 181
Fuzzy densities 440
Fuzzy DYNOC algorithm 12
Fuzzy feedforward neural networks 300
Fuzzy finite automaton 200
Fuzzy grammar 9 196 198
Fuzzy integral 437 438
Fuzzy ISODATA algorithm 12
Fuzzy language 198
Fuzzy measures 256 264
Fuzzy multilayer perceptron 475
Fuzzy neurons 232
Fuzzy pattern matching 266
Fuzzy Petri net 235 238
Fuzzy Petri net, optimization of 241
Fuzzy pushdown automaton 202
Fuzzy regular grammar 199
Fuzzy rules 256
Fuzzy sets 10 230 255
G statistic 170 172
GA-classifier 351
Gaussian mixture models 547
Gene 435
Generalization 11 170 300 437
Generalized descriptors 385
Genetic algorithms (GAs) 14 179 346 433
Geometric template for objects in an image 149
Gibbs distribution 152
Gibbs distribution, internal energy function of 152
Gibbs sampling 122 138
GINI index of diversity 170 173
Glass classification problem 180
Gradient ascent algorithm 73
Gradient descent 303 312 482 487
Gradual rules 258 259
Grammatical inference 9 203
Granular computing 389
Graph theory 330
Greedy algorithm 170
ground clutter 306
Group aspiration criterion 435
Hankel matrix 212
Hastings ratio 156
Height-averaged signal power variance 309
Height-relative signal power difference 310
Hidden Markov models 548
Hierarchical Bayesian model 125
Histogram estimators 7
Hold-out methods 176
Homoscedastic normal model 28—30 32 33 36
Homoscedastic normal model, asymptotic error rate 51
Homoscedastic normal model, compared to logistic regression 36
Homoscedastic normal model, equal mixture proportions 33
Hough transform 158
Hyperspectral cube 508
Hyperspectral image 506
Hyperspectral imaging system 508
Hyperspectral remote sensing 506
ID3 algorithm 10 171
Identifiability of mixtures, multinormal family 39
Identifiability of mixtures, relation to unsupervised learning 38
Image averaging 160
Image averaging, definition of 161
Image capturing 582
Image model 148
Image model, Fourier — von Mises 160
Image morphing 159
Image segmentation 583 585
Image warping 159
Imaging spectrometer 508
Immigration 434
Imperfect supervision 28
Imperfect supervision, models 29 30
Imperfect supervision, relation to resolution of mixture 52
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