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Apostol T.M. — Calculus (vol 1) |
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Предметный указатель |
Ferrari, Lodovico 3
Fibonacci (Leonardo of Pisa) 379
Fibonacci numbers 46 (Exercise 16) 379
Field axioms 17
Fixed point 145 (Exercise 5)
Focus of a conic section 498
Fourier coefficients 575
Fourier, Joseph 127 575
Frequency of simple harmonic motion 339
Function of several variables 196
Function, bounded 73
Function, characteristic 64 (Exercise 8)
Function, complex-valued 368
Function, concave 122
Function, constant 54
Function, continuous 130
Function, convex 122
Function, decreasing 76
Function, defined by an integral 120
Function, domain of 53
Function, elementary 282
Function, even 84 (Exercise 25)
Function, exponential 242 367
Function, factorial 52
Function, formal definition of 53
Function, Gamma 419 421
Function, greatest-integer 63
Function, hyperbolic 251
Function, identity 51
Function, increasing 76
Function, informal description of 50—52
Function, integrable 73
Function, inverse 146 252
Function, inverse trigonometric 253—256
Function, linear 54
Function, logarithmic 229—235
Function, monolonic 76
Function, notation for 50 196 512
Function, odd 84
Function, periodic 95
Function, piecewise linear 123
Function, piecewise monotonic 77
Function, polynomial 55
Function, power 54
Function, range of 53
Function, rational 166 258—266
Function, real-valued 51
Function, Riemann zeta 396
Function, space 553
Function, step 52
Function, trigonometric 95—107
Function, unbounded 73
Function, vector-valued 512
Functional equation 227
Functional equation for the exponential function 243
Functional equation for the logarithm 227
Fundamental theorem of algebra 362
Fundamental theorems of calculus 202 205 515
Galileo 498
Gamma function 419 421
Gauss — Jordan elimination process 607
Gauss' test for convergence 402 (Exercise 17)
Gauss, Karl Friedrich 358 362 378 473
Geometric interpretation of derivative as a slope 169
Geometric interpretation of integral as area 65 75 89
Geometric mean 47 (Exercise 20)
Geometric series 388—390
Gibbs, Josiah Willard 445
Gram — Schmidt process 568
Gram, Jorgen Pederson 568
Graph of a function 51
Grassmann, Hermann 446
Gravitational attraction, Newton's law of 546
Greatest-integer function 63
Gregory's series 403
Gregory, James 390 403
Growth laws 320 321
Hadamard matrices 615
Hadamard, Jacques 615
Half-life 313
Hamilton, William Rowan 358 445
Harmonic mean 46
Harmonic motion 334
Harmonic series 384
Heaviside, Oliver 445
Helix 523
Heron's formula 493
Higher-order derivatives 160 200
Hilbert, David 471
Holmes, Sherlock 7
Homogeneous differential equation 347-350
Homogeneous property of finite sums 40
Homogeneous property of infinite series 385
Homogeneous property of integrals 66
Homogeneous system of equations 605
Hook's law 50 116
Hooke, Robert 50
Hyperbola 498 500 506
Hyperbolic function 251
Hyperbolic paraboloid 198
Identity element for addition 18
Identity element for multiplication 18
Identity, function 51
Identity, matrix 600
Identity, transformation 579
Implicit differentiation 179
Implicit function 179
Improper integral of the first kind 416
Improper integral of the second kind 418
Improper rational function 259
Increasing function 76
Increasing sequence 381
Indefinite integral 120 134
Indeterminate forms 289 302
Induction, definition by 39
Induction, proof by 32—37
Inductive set 22
Inequality 20
Inequality for the sine and cosine 95
Inequality, Bernoulli 46
Inequality, triangle 42 364 454 563
Inequality,Cauchy — Schwarz 42 452 563
Infimum 25
Infinite limits 299 300
infinity 297
Inflection point 191
Initial condition 307
Initial-value problem 307
Inner product 451 469 561
INTEGER 22
Integrability of a continuous function 153
Integrability of a monotonic function 77
Integral of a bounded function 73
Integral of a complex-valued function 369
Integral of a step function 65
Integral of a vector-valued function 513
Integral, curve 341
Integral, definite 73 211
Integral, improper 416 20
Integral, indefinite 120
Integral, lower and upper 74
Integral, test 397
integrand 74
Integration by partial fractions 258-264
Integration by parts 217-220
Integration by substitution 212-216
Integration of monotonic functions 79
Integration of polynomials 79 81
Integration of rational functions 258-264
Integration of trigonometric functions 100 207 264
| Intercepts 190 495
Intermediate-value theorem for continuous functions 144
Intermediate-value theorem for derivatives 187 (Exercise 10)
Intersection of sets 14
Intervals 60 310
Inverse, function 146 252
Inverse, matrix 612
Inverse, transformation 585 586
Inverse, trigonometric functions 253—256
inversion 146 253
Invertible transformation 585—588
Irrational numbers 17 22 28 31 282
Isoclines 344 348
Isomorphism 361 600
Isothermals 198 351
Jump discontinuity 131
Jupiter 545
Kepler's laws 545 546
Kepler, Johannes 498 545
l'Hopital's rule 292—298
L'Hopital, Guillaume Francois Antoine 292
Lagrange's identity 483
Lagrange's remainder in Taylor's formula 284
Lagrange, Joseph Louis 171 331 445
Laplace's equation 305
Lattice points 60 (Exercise 4)
Least squares, method of 196 (Exercise 25)
Least-Upper-bound axiom 25
Left inverse 585 611
Left-hand coiHinuity 126
Left-hand coordinate system 485
Left-hand limit 130
Legendre polynomials 571
Legendre, Andrien-Marie 571
Leibniz's formula for the nth derivative of a product 222 (Exercise 4)
Leibniz's notation for derivatives 172
Leibniz's notation for primitives 210
Leibniz's rule for alternating series 404
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 3 10 157 172 210 222 305 403
Length of a curve 530 531
Length of a vector 453
Length, other definitions of 461 (Exercises 17 18)
Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci) 379
Level curve 197
Limit of a function 128
Limit of a sequence 379
Limit of integration 10 74
Limit, infinite 298
Limits, left- and right-hand 129 130
Line, Cartesian equation of 475
Line, definition of 472
Line, normal vector to 476
Line, parallelism of 473
Line, slope of 169 475
Line, tangent 170 518
Line, vector equation of 475
linear combination 459 556
Linear dependence and independence 463 557
Linear differential equation 308 322
Linear function 54
Linear space (vector space) 551 552
Linear span 462 557
Linear system of equations 605
Linear transformation 578
Linearity property of convergent series 385
Linearity property of derivatives 164
Linearity property of integrals 67 80
Linearity property of Taylor operators 276
Lobatchevski, Nikolai Ivanovich 474
Logarithmic differentiation 235
Logarithmic function, calculation of 240—242
Logarithmic function, definition of 227
Logarithmic function, integration of 235
Logarithmic function, power series for 390 433
Logarithms, base (Napierian or natural logarithms) 229—232
Logarithms, base b 232
Lorentz transformation 614 (Exercise 6)
Lower bound 25
Lower integral 74
Machin, John 285
Major axis of an ellipse 505
mass density 118
Mathematical induction 32—37
Mathematical model 313
Matrix, algebraic operations on 598 601
Matrix, definition of 592 598
Matrix, diagonal 595
Matrix, representation 592
Maximum element 23
Maximum of a function, absolute 150
Maximum of a function, relative 182
Mean 46 149
Mean, arithmetic 46
Mean, distance from the sun 546
Mean, geometric 47 (Exercise 20)
Mean, harmonic 46
Mean, pth-power 46 149
Mean-value theorem for derivatives 185
Mean-value theorem for integrals 154 219
Mean-value theorem, Cauchy's extension of 186
Measurable set 58 111
Mercator, Nicholas 377 390
Mercury 545
Minimum element 25
Minimum of a function absolute 150
Minimum of a function relative 182
Minor axis of an ellipse 505
Modulus of a complex number 363
moment 118
Moment of inertia 119
Monotone property of area 59
Monotone property of averages 119 (Exercise 13)
Monotone property of volume 112
Monotone property of work 115
Monotonic function 76
Monotonic sequence 381
Motion of a rocket 337
Motion, along a curve 521
Motion, simple harmonic 334
Multiplication of functions 55 63 132
Multiplication of matrices 601
Multiplication of numbers 17 44 358
Multiplication of transformations 584
Multiplication of vectors (cross product) 483
Multiplication of vectors (inner product) 451 469 552
Multiplication of vectors by scalars 447 552
n-Space 446
Napier, John 232
Napierian (natural) logarithms 229—232
Necessary and sufficient conditions 394
Neighborhood 127
Newton's law of cooling 315
Newton's law of motion 314 546
Newton's law of universal gravitation 546
Newton, Isaac 3 157 171 305 377 498 522
Non-Archimedean geometries 26
Non-Euclidean geometries 474
Nonsingular matrix 611
Norm of a vector 453
Norm of an element in a linear space 563
Normal to a line 476
Normal to a plane 493
Normal to a plane curve 529 (Exercise 14)
Normal to a space curve 526
Notations for derivatives 160 171 172 200
Notations for integrals 10 65 69 210 211 513
Notations for products 44
Notations for sets 12
Notations for sums 37
Notations for vectors 446 512
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