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| Àâòîðèçàöèÿ |
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| Ïîèñê ïî óêàçàòåëÿì |
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| Lyons R.G. — Understanding Digital Signal Processing |
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| Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü |
Frequency response for N-stage infinite impulse response filter 251
Frequency response in finite impulse response filters 163 181
Frequency response, discrete Fourier transform, to complex input 119—123
Frequency response, discrete Fourier transform, to real cosine input 123—125
Frequency response, single-bin, to real cosine input 125—127
Frequency translation, sampling and 33
Frequency translation, without multiplication 385—400
Frequency, center 496
Frequency, cutoff 496
Frequency, differences between continuous and discrete systems 5—6
Gain see “Processing gain or loss”
Gaussian distribution 325
General rectangular function 98—105
Geometric series 99 455—457
Gibb’s phenomenon 184
Gradual underflow 379
Group delay 201—202 204 498—500
Half Nyquist 28
Half-band finite impulse response filters 197—198 501
Hamming windows 81 82 83 84 407—409
Hanning/Hann windows 81 82 83 84—86 407—409
Harmonic sampling 33
Heaviside, Oliver 223
Hertz 3
Hexadecimal binary data format 351
Hidden bit, floating-point 376
Highpass design for finite impulse response filters 193—194
Homogeneity property 13
I/Q demodulation 299—301
IBM floating-point 378
IEEE P754 378
IF sampling 33
Imaginary numbers, development of 460—462
Impulse invariance design for infinite impulse response filters 223 254—255
Impulse invariance design for infinite impulse response filters, Design Method 1 example 262—265
Impulse invariance design for infinite impulse response filters, Design Method 1 steps 256—258
Impulse invariance design for infinite impulse response filters, Design Method 2 example 265—272
Impulse invariance design for infinite impulse response filters, Design Method 2 steps 259—262
Impulse response for finite impulse response filters 165—166
Impulse response, defined 501
In-place algorithm 153
Incoherent averaging 327—330
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters 26
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, aliasing 255—256
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, bilinear transform design 223 272—284
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, cascade/parallel combinations 290—292
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, defined 502
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, Direct Form I structure 244
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, Direct Form II structure 252
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, finite impulse response filters compared to 292—293
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, impulse invariance design 223 254—272
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, Laplace transform 223—238
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, nonzero input values in 220—221
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, optimized design 223 284—286
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, pitfalls in building 286—289
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, reasons for using 219—220
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, recursive filters 253
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, structure 221—223 251—254
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, z-transform 238—251
Input/output data index bit reversal 145—146
Integration processing gain 93 97 325 331
Integration processing gain, coherent 334—337
Integration processing gain, incoherent 331—333
Intermodulation distortion 18
Interpolation, combined with decimation 314—316
Interpolation, filter 310 314
Interpolation, resampling by 309—313
Inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) 70—71
Inverse fast Fourier transform, calculating the 425—429
Inverse of complex numbers 449
Inverse of general rectangular function 115—117
Inverse of symmetrical rectangular function 117—119
Iterative optimization 284
j operator 460—462
Kaiser windows 87 187—191
Kelvin, Lord 50
Laplace transform for continuous time-domain 224r—25
Laplace transform transfer function 229—230
Laplace transform transfer function in bilinear transform design 272—273 280
Laplace transform transfer function in cascade filters 290
Laplace transform transfer function in impulse invariance design Method 1 262—265
Laplace transform transfer function in impulse invariance design Method 2 265—266
Laplace transform transfer function in parallel filters 290
Laplace transform transfer function, second-order 233
Laplace transform transfer function, used to determine stability and frequency response in continuous systems 230—238
Laplace transform, bilateral/two-sided 225
Laplace transform, description of 223—230
Laplace transform, development of 223
Laplace transform, one-sided/causal 225
Laplace transform, tables 224
Leakage, discrete Fourier transform 71—80
Leakage, wraparound 78—79
least significant bit (LSB) 350
Limit cycles 288
Linear averaging 320
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems 12
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, analyzing 20—21
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, commutative property 20
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, discrete 13—18
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, example of a linear system 14—15
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, example of a nonlinear system 15—18
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, homogeneity property 13
Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, time-invariant systems 18—19
Linear, use of term 13
Linear-phase filter 502
Linearity, discrete Fourier transform 65
Loading factor 361—363
Logarithms and complex numbers to base 10 451—452
Logarithms and complex numbers to base 10 using natural 452
Logarithms and complex numbers, natural 451
Logarithms, signal power determined by 486—491
loss see “Processing gain or loss”
Low-pass finite impulse response filter design 174—191 502
Low-pass signals, sampling 29—32
L’Hospital’s Rule 101
Magnitude(s) of C (modulus of C) 445
Magnitude(s), approximation (vector) 400—406
Magnitude(s), defined 8 9
Magnitude(s), discrete Fourier transform 66—67
Mantissa, use of term 375
Mean of random functions 481—484
mean, defined 319 477
MIL-STD 1750A floating-point 378
Mixing, complex signals and quadrature 471—474
Mixing, complex signals without multiplication 385—400
Mixing, convolution and 393—395
Mixing, cosine mixing sequence 389—391
Mixing, magnitude and phase and 395
Mixing, quadrature sampling and digital 301—303 389—393
Mixing, quadrature-phase mixing sequence 391
Mixing, summary of 400
Modulus of C 445
Most significant bit (MSB) 350
Mth-order infinite impulse response filter, frequency response for 245—246
Mth-order infinite impulse response filter, time domain expression for 244
Mth-order infinite impulse response filter, z-domain expression for 244—245
Mth-order infinite impulse response filter, z-domain transfer expression for 245
Multiplication of complex numbers 411—412 447—448
Multiplication, frequency translation without 385—400
Multiplication, process 12
Multirate filter 314
N-stage infinite impulse response filter, frequency response for 251
Negative frequency 299 300
Negative frequency, complex numbers and 458—474
Negative frequency, real signals represented by 467—471
Noise 319
Noise, definition of random 477
Nonlinear system, example of 15—18
Nonrecursive filters 158 253
Normal distribution 325
| Normal distribution of random data 438—440
Normal probability density function 484—485
Normalization 376
Normalized angle variable 113
Notch filters 495
Nyquist criterion 30 301
Octal binary data format 351
Odd symmpetry 64
Offset binary data format 356
One-sided/causal system 225
Optimal design for finite impulse response filters 194
Optimization design for infinite impulse response filters 223 284—286
Out-of-band ripple 504
Overflow errors 286 287—288
Overflow errors, fast Fourier transform 369—370
Overflow errors, fixed-point effects on 365—370
Overflow errors, rounding 373—375
Overflow errors, truncation 370—373
Overflow errors, two’s complement 356 366—368
Overflow errors, vector-magnitude approximation and 404—405
Overflow oscillations 288—289
Overlapped windows 410—411
Parallel filters 290—292
Parks — McClellan design for finite impulse response filters 194
Parzen windows 82
Passband phase angle resolution 202—203
Passband ripple 195 503
Passband, defined 502
Phase angle/argument of C 445
Phase delay 503
Phase equalizer 494
Phase response in finite impulse response filters 199—204
Phase response, defined 503
Phase wrapping 201 503
Phasor outputs of fast Fourier transform 337—338
Phasors for representing real signals, complex 462—467
Picket fence effect 88
Place value system 350
Polyphase filters 313
Postdetection averaging 327
Power spectrum 54
Power, signal, absolute power using decibels 493
Power, signal, defined 9—10
Power, signal, determined by logarithms 486—491
Predetection averaging 320
Prewarp 283
Probability density function (PDF), A/D converter quantization errors and 360—361
Probability density function (PDF), mean and variance of random functions and 481—484
Probability density function (PDF), normal 484—485
Probability density function (PDF), rounding and 373—374
Probability density function (PDF), truncation and 370—371
Processing gain or loss, discrete Fourier transform 93—97
Processing gain or loss, integration 93 97 325 331—337
Processing gain or loss, window 83 409—411
Prototype filter 254
Quadratic factorization formula 234
Quadrature filter 503
Quadrature heterodyning 297n
Quadrature mixing, complex signals and 471—474
Quadrature sampling, description of 297—301
Quadrature sampling, digital mixing and 301—303 389—393
Quadrature sampling, other names for 297n
Quantization, coefficient/errors 286—287 292
Quantization, coefficient/errors, fixed-point effects on A/D converter 357—365
Radian, negative frequency and 460
Radix-2 FFT algorithm, derivation of 136—145
Radix-2 FFT butterfly structures 146—154
Raised to a power, complex numbers 450
Random data, normally distributed 438—440
Random functions, mean and variance of 481—484
Real cosine input, discrete Fourier transform frequency response to 123—125
Real cosine input, discrete Fourier transform frequency response to, single-bin 125—127
Real discrete Fourier transform inputs 63
Real numbers, graphical representation of 443—444
Real sampling 35
Real signals, complex phasors for representing 462—467
Real signals, negative frequencies for representing 467—471
Rectangular functions, all ones 108—111 113—115
Rectangular functions, definition of general 98—105
Rectangular functions, forms of 97
Rectangular functions, inverse of general 115—117
Rectangular functions, inverse of symmetrical 117—119
Rectangular functions, symmetrical 105—108
Rectangular functions, time and frequency axes and 111—113
Rectangular windows 80 82 83
Recursive filters 253
Relative attenuation 503
Remez Exchange design for finite impulse response filters 194—197
Replications, spectral 29—32
Resampling 303—316
Resampling, applications 303
Resampling, decimation 304—309
Resampling, decimation combined with interpolation 314—316
Resampling, defined 304
Resampling, interpolation 309—313
Ripples, Blackman window and 184—187
Ripples, defined 504
Ripples, finite impulse response filters and 173
Ripples, low-pass finite impulse response filters and 179—191
Ripples, out-of-band 504
Ripples, passband 195
Ripples, stopband 195
rms averaging 327
rms averaging of a sinewave 480—481
Roll-off 504
Roots of complex numbers 450—451
Roundoff errors 286 288
Roundoff errors, fixed-point effects on 373—375
Roundoff noise 359
Sample rate converter 314
Sampling, coherent 297n 433
Sampling, digital resampling 303—316
Sampling, periodic, aliasing 23—29
Sampling, periodic, bandpass 32—42
Sampling, periodic, low-pass 29—32
Sampling, periodic, spectral inversion in bandpass 43—46
Sampling, periodic, summary of bandpass 46
Sampling, periodic, translation 33
Sampling, periodic, under- 30—31 33
Sampling, quadrature 297—303
Scalar averaging 327
Scalloping loss 88—89
Shape factor 504
Shark’s tooth pattern 28
Shift-invariant systems 19
Shifting theorem, discrete Fourier transform 68—70
Sidelobes 74 103
Sidelobes, Blackman window and 184—187
Sidelobes, finite impulse response filters and 173
Sidelobes, low-pass finite impulse response filters and 179—191
Sign-magnitude binary data format 353
Signal processing, analog 2
Signal processing, digital 2
Signal processing, operational symbols 10—12
Signal processing, use of term 2
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), coherent averaging 324r—25
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), incoherent averaging 329—330
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), word length and A/D converters 359—364
Sine function 73—74 108—110 123
Sines of consecutive angles, calculation of 436—438
Single-bin frequency response to real cosine input 125—127
Software programs, fast Fourier transform 136
Spectral inversion in bandpass sampling 43—46
Spectral replications 29—32
Square roots, obtaining 400
Stability, conditional 236
Stability, Laplace transfer function and 230—238
Stability, z-transform and 240—242
Standard deviation 320 479
Standard deviation of a sinewave 480—481
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