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Accetta J.S. (ed.), Shumaker D.L. (ed.), Zissis J. (ed.) — The Infrared & Electro-Optical Systems Handbook. Volume 1: Sources of Radiation
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Íàçâàíèå: The Infrared & Electro-Optical Systems Handbook. Volume 1: Sources of Radiation
Àâòîðû: Accetta J.S. (ed.), Shumaker D.L. (ed.), Zissis J. (ed.)
Àííîòàöèÿ: The Infrared and Electro-Optical Systems Handbook is a joint product of the Infrared Information Analysis Center (IRIA) and the International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE). Sponsored by the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC), this work is an outgrowth of its predecessor, The Infrared Handbook, published in 1978. The circulation of nearly 20,000 copies is adequate testimony to its wide acceptance in the electro-optics and infrared communities. The Infrared Handbook was itself preceded by The Handbook of Military Infrared Technology. Since its original inception, new topics and technologies have emerged for which little or no reference material exists. This work is intended to update and complement the current Infrared Handbook by revision, addition of new materials, and reformatting to increase its utility. Of necessity, some material from the current book was reproduced as is, having been adjudged as being current and adequate. The 45 chapters represent most subject areas of current activity in the military, aerospace, and civilian communities and contain material that has rarely appeared so extensively in the open literature.
Volume 1, edited by George Zissis of ERIM, treats sources of radiation, including both artificial and natural sources, the latter of which in most military applications is generally regarded as background radiation.
ßçûê:
Ðóáðèêà: Òåõíîëîãèÿ /
Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö
ed2k: ed2k stats
Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1993
Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 383
Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 18.12.2010
Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
Ñêîïèðîâàòü ññûëêó äëÿ ôîðóìà | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ID
Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü
unit 167
Absolute wavelength measurement 357
Absorptance 23 64 148
Absorptance, solar absorptance of spacecraft materials 113
Absorption 23 145 147 174
Absorption bands of water vapor 194—195
Absorption coefficient 144—146
Absorption of 113
Absorption, atmospheric 111
Absorptivity 21 23
Aerosols 199
Air mass vs solar zenith angle 154
Air temperature 198
Aircraft 110—118 123
Airglow 201 204—210 see
Airy function 354
Albedo, earth 213—218
Albedo, lunar 158
Algae 259
Algae, attenuation coefficients 262
Algae, spectral reflectance 264
Alkali halides, spectra 34
Anisotropic radiators 28—29
Apertures 64
Apparent temperature 139
Areance 7
Artificial sources 49—135
Asteroids 190
Atmosphere 151—153
Atmosphere, spectral radiance 217—218
Atmospheric attenuation, effects on aircraft 123
Atmospheric effects 127
Atmospheric emission 195
Atmospheric particulates 141
Atomic spectra 32—34
Atomic spectra, Bohr model 32—33
Atomic spectra, hydrogen spectra 33—34
Atomic spectra, quantum number 32—33
Atomic spectra, Sommerfeld model 32
Aurora 200—208
Aurora, auroral spectra 201—203
Aurora, emission 200
Aurora, frequency distribution 204—205
Aurora, photon emission 208
Aurora, photon radiance 201
Aurora, spectral radiance 201 203
Auroral zones 201—202
Backgrounds see also "Infrared backgrounds"
Backgrounds from extragalactic sources 181 190
Backgrounds, galactic 181 190—191
Backgrounds, sky 194
Backgrounds, terrain 299—309
Backscattering 191 263
Band radiance 6
BASIC programs 8 38—47
Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) 26
Biological materials see "Botanical materials"
Blackbodies 3 32 52—59 64—65 79 139 146 180 see
Blackbodies, cylindrical 52—58
Blackbodies, goldpoint 58—59
Blackbodies, spectral radiance 196
Blackbodies, variable-temperature 58—59
Blackbody (Planckian) functions 8—21 38—47
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, BASIC programs, calculations and formulas 38—47
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, contrast 10—11
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, conversions to other geometries 10
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, conversions to photons 9
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, conversions, spectral scale conversions 9—10
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, maxima 11—12
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, Planck equations 8 24—25
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, power 12
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, radiance 8—9
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, radiant exitance 8—9 12
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, radiation constants 9
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, relative contrast 10
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, Stephan — Boltzmann law 12
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, total integrals 12
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, universal curves and equations 10—21
Blackbody (Planckian) functions, Wien displacement law 11 15
Blackbody cavity theory 52—57
Blackbody cavity theory, conical cavity 52
Blackbody cavity theory, cylindrical cavity 52 55—56
Blackbody cavity theory, DeVos method 53—57
Blackbody cavity theory, Gouffe method 52
Blackbody cavity theory, spherical cavity 53 56
Blackbody simulators 57
Bohr model 32
Bolometer region 175
Bolometers 333
Botanical materials 277—295 see "Chlorophyll" "Leaves" "Vegetation"
Brightness temperature 30—31 139
Calibration 59 317 326—331 see calibration
Calibration of spectral irradiance 62
Calibration of spectral radiance 61
Calibration, absolute 317
Calibration, of UV sources 62—63
Calorimeters 333
Candela 57
Carbon arc lamps 77—84
Carbon dioxide 35 111 195
Carotenoids 278 281
Celestial background 160—194
Celestial background in the range 2.0—100.0 175—176
Celestial background in the visible range 165—167
Celestial background, cosmic microwave background 165
Celestial coordinates 160—165
Celestial coordinates, circle of celestial latitude 163
Celestial coordinates, circle of galactic latitude 164
Celestial coordinates, ecliptic 161
Celestial coordinates, ecliptic coordinate system 164
Celestial coordinates, equatorial coordinate system 164
Celestial coordinates, galactic center 163
Celestial coordinates, galactic coordinate system 164—165
Celestial coordinates, galactic equator 163
Celestial coordinates, horizon 163
Celestial coordinates, hour circle 163
Celestial coordinates, meridian 163
Celestial coordinates, north and south celestial poles 161
Celestial coordinates, north galactic pole 163
Celestial coordinates, north point 163
Celestial coordinates, vernal equinox 161
Celestial coordinates, vertical circle 163
Celestial coordinates, zenith and nadir 161
Chinese restaurant system 7
Chlorophyll 261 263 278 281
Cities, radiance of 219—220
Cloud meteorology 218—230
Cloud meteorology, cirrus clouds 218
Cloud meteorology, noctilucent clouds 230
Cloud meteorology, stratospheric clouds 229—230
Cloud meteorology, water content 230
Clouds, background radiation 194—197
Clouds, emission 197
Clouds, reflectance 216
Clouds, scattering 196—197
Clouds, sky cover 230—234
Clouds, spectral radiance 197
Clouds, temperature 197
Coatings 64
color temperature 32 79 139 174 176
Computer programs 13 38—47
Concentrated arc lamps 93 99—100
Condensation 150
construction materials 233—234 247—250
contrast 11
Contrast, photon 18 20—21
Contrast, radiant 19—20
Contrast, relative 11
Correlation function 287 296—297
Correlation function, autocorrelation function 296
Correlation function, covariance function 296
Correlation function, exponential 287
Correlation function, lag variable 287
Correlation function, scale length 287
Correlation function, Whittle 287
Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) 165 334
Council for Optical Measurements (CORM) 327
Cylindrical blackbody 52—58
Czerny — Turner mount 340
Detectivity of a radiometer 317 319—320
Detector optics 177
DeVos method 53—57
Dielectric surfaces 144 146
Diffraction 336—337
Diffraction, angular dispersion 337
Diffraction, Fraunhofer 337
Diffraction, gratings 337
Diffraction, resolving power 337
Distribution temperature 31 139
Doppler line 37
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus) 176 179—180 190—194 see
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), albedo 213—218
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), Earth 140 210—230
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), emission 214
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), luminance 216
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), particle distribution 193
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), particle temperature relation 192—192
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), power spectral densities of 191
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), satellite viewing 210—211
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), spectral radiance of 191—193
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), spectral reflectance 215
Dust, interstellar (IR cirrus), stratospheric particulates 200
Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) 334
Earth surface, emission spectra 213—226
Ecliptic coordinate system 177
Emissance 21 23
emission 23 145—146
Emission of exhaust plume 113
Emission of industrial smokestack 113
Emissivity 23 27 145
Emissivity for a cylindrical blackbody 56
Emissivity for a spherical blackbody 56
Emissivity of common materials 112
Emissivity of exhaust gases 111—115
Emissivity of spacecraft materials 113
Emissivity, blackbody 52—57
Emissivity, directional 23
Emissivity, hemispherical 23
Emissivity, spectral 23
Emissivity, total 23
Emissivity, weighted 23
Emittance 21 see
Enclosed arc and discharge sources (high pressure) 82—90
Enclosed arc and discharge sources (low pressure) 90—93
Energy density 10
Engine radiation 113
Entrance aperture 317
Etalons 354 359
Etendue see "Throughput"
evaporation 150 246 257—258
Exhaust plumes see "Gases exhaust"
Exitance 5—6 8 21 139 145—148
Exitance, stellar 174 180
Exoatmospheric illuminance 174
Exposure 8
Extended galactic background 190—191
Extragalactic infrared sources 181 190
Fabry — Perot interferometers 354—359
Fabry — Perot interferometers, Airy function 354
Fabry — Perot interferometers, compound interferometer 358
Fabry — Perot interferometers, etalon 354 359
Fabry — Perot interferometers, interference 356
Fabry — Perot interferometers, PEPSIOS spectrometer 359
Fabry — Perot interferometers, SISAM spectrometer 359
Fabry — Perot interferometers, spherical Fabry — Perot interferometer 358
Fabry — Perot interferometers, SPIFI interferometer 359
Field trials 129
Flares 124—125
Fluence 8
Fluence exposure 5
Fluometry 6
Flux 5 8
Flux density 5 29
Flux, stellar 180
Foot-candle 8
Fraunhofer diffraction 337
Fresnel's law 143—144
Full width at half-maximum (FWHM) 37
Galactic background see "Background galactic"
Galactic infrared point sources 179—190
Galactic infrared point sources, blackbody spectral exitance 180
Galactic infrared point sources, number of 179—180
Galactic infrared point sources, spectral energy distribution of 179
Galactic infrared point sources, spectral index 180
Galactic infrared point sources, spectral irradiance 179—190
Galaxies 190—191
Gases 32 34—35
Gases, exhaust 110—118 123
Gases, hot 117 119
Gases, spectral lines 35
Gegenshein 191
Glow modulator tubes 100 103—105
Goldpoint blackbody 59
Gouffe method 52 113
Gratings 337—348
Gratings, angular dispersion 337
Gratings, blazed 343
Gratings, concave 342
Gratings, configurations 337—346
Gratings, diffraction 337
Gratings, multiple-beam interferometer 337
Gratings, resolving power 337
Gratings, slits (grooves) 337
Gratings, unblazed 337
Graybodies 70
Graybodies, temperature 30
Guns, muzzle flash 117—121
Heat exchange 146—151
Heat flux 148—149
Heat transfer 148 150—151 231
Helicopters 124
Helmholtz reciprocity theorem 26
Henry Draper classification 168
Hinge point 259 262
Histograms, of terrain backgrounds 299—309
Hubble constant 181
Hydrogen 33—34
Hydrogen and deuterium arc lamps 103 107
Ice, properties of 271—280
Ice, properties of, brash ice 276
Ice, properties of, bulk reflectance 271
Ice, properties of, depth of penetration 271
Ice, properties of, index of refraction 271
Ice, properties of, new (clear) ice 274
Ice, properties of, pancake ice 277
Ice, properties of, refrozen-slush ice 276
Ice, properties of, slush curd ice 276
Ice, properties of, snow ice 275
Ice, properties of, spectral reflectance 279—280
Illuminance 140
Incandescent sources 65 70—77
Incidance 5—6 8
Index of refraction 143—144
Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) 177—179 191—192
Infrared backgrounds, statistical measures 285
Infrared backgrounds, statistical measures, correlation function representation 287 296—297
Infrared backgrounds, statistical measures, nonisotropic correlation functions 298—299
Infrared backgrounds, statistical measures, power spectra representation 297—309
Infrared backgrounds, statistical measures, probablistic model 285—287
Infrared backgrounds, statistical measures, terrain background statistics 299—308
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