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Chaikin P.M., Lubensky T.C. — Principles of condensed matter physics
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Íàçâàíèå: Principles of condensed matter physicsÀâòîðû: Chaikin P.M., Lubensky T.C. Àííîòàöèÿ: This book provides an overview of the physics of condensed matter systems. Assuming a familiarity with the basics of quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics, the book establishes a general framework for describing condensed phases of matter based on symmetries and conservation laws. After surveying the structure and properties of materials with different symmetries, it explores the role of spatial dimensionality and microscopic interactions in determining the nature of phase transitions. Particular attention is given to critical phenomena and renormalization group methods. The properties of liquids, liquid crystals, quasicrystals, crystalline solids, magnetically ordered systems and amorphous solids are investigated in terms of their symmetry, generalized rigidity, hydrodynamics and topological defect structure. In addition to serving as a course text, this book is an essential reference for students and researchers in physics, applied physics, chemistry, materials science and engineering, who are interested in modern condensed matter physics.
ßçûê: Ðóáðèêà: Ôèçèêà /Ôèçèêà òâ¸ðäîãî òåëà /Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö ed2k: ed2k stats Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1995Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 699Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 12.08.2005Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó |
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Stability exponents 268 Stability of homogeneous fluids 113—115 Stable fixed point 245 669 Static cross-section 31 Static scattering 32 Stationary state, hydrodynamic 422 Steam 3 Steric entropy 635—638 Sterically stabilized phases 638—640 642 Stochastic models see “Models stochastic” Stochastic variable 375 Stokes’ law 360 682 strain 11 316 682 Strain rate 447 682 Strain tensor, Eulerian 331 Strain tensor, Lagrangian 331 Strain tensor, linearized 317 Strain, inverse compressibility 328 Strength of crystals 518 Strength of vortex 497 Stress 682 Stress tensor 334 Stress tensor, Eulerian 338—341 Stress tensor, Lagrangian 334—337 Stress-strain relations 340 Striped phase 618 Structure and scattering 29—103 Structure factor 33 Structure function 32 Sum rules 357 398—399 Sum rules and moment expansions 398 Superconductivity 135 216—217 571 Supercooling 171 Superfluids 123 575 Superfluids, and xy symmetry 138 Superfluids, density 290 460 Superfluids, free energy density 575—576 Superfluids, helium 138 289 460—464 551—555 Superfluids, hydrodynamics 460—464 Superfluids, hydrodynamics, third sound in thin films 553 Superfluids, Kosterlitz — Thouless transition in thin films 551—554 Superfluids, longitudinal and transverse response 575—577 Superfluids, velocity 460—464 Superheating 171 Superlattice peaks 87 Surface tension 481 486 635—638 Surfactants 636 638 susceptibility 231 341 Susceptibility, critical exponent 154 228 Symmetries, and order parameters 139 Symmetry group 39 133 Symmetry group, 139 231 Symmetry group, 137 139 231 289 Symmetry group, 138 156 230 231 Symmetry group, 138 156 202 298 Symmetry group, 135 139 152 231 Symmetry group, 137 139 Symmetry group, Euclidean 39 670 Symmetry group, U(1) 137 Symmetry, order parameters, and models 132—139 Symmetry, order parameters, and models, continuous symmetries 137—139 Symmetry, order parameters, and models, discrete symmetries 135—137 Symmorphic space group 57 Tangent plane 623 TDGL model 466 682 Temperature quench 483—484 Tension 335 Tetracritical point 181—182 235 253 682 Tetrahedra 7 191 TGB see “Ttwist-grain-boundary phase” thermal conductivity 425 Thermal equilibrium 381—383 Thermal fluctuation 10 Thermodynamic critical field of the TGB phase 564—565 Thermodynamic equilibrium 417—419 Thermodynamic laws of 109—112 Thermodynamic stability 321 Thermodynamic sum rule 357 365 Thermodynamics of homogeneous fluids 108—117 Thermotropic liquid crystal 68 682 Thermotropism 58 Third sound 553 Three-phase coexistence 174 Time reversal 133 359 361 Time translations 133 Time-dependent Ginzburg — Landau model 466 682 Time-of-flight measurements 409 Topological defects 12 495—585 682 Topological defects, characterization 495—506 Topological defects, crystals disclinations 517—518 Topological defects, dislocation mediated melting 555—559 Topological defects, energies of 526—542 Topological defects, examples 506—526 Topological defects, Kosterlitz — Thouless transition 542—555 Topological defects, nematic and hexatic liquid crystals 524—526 Topological defects, order parameters spaces and homotopy 501—506 Topological defects, periodic solids 512—515 (see also “Dislocations disclinations and Torus 626 Transfer matrix 242 Translation vector 43 Translational invariance 35 329 Transport coefficients 425 Transverse strain 321 Triacontahedron 190 Triangular, lattice 51—53 255 520 Tricritical point 173—175 180 181 236 253 682 Tricritical point, three-state Potts critical point 256 Turbidity of nematics 307 Twist 299—306 561 687 Twist disclination 519 Twist wave vector 89 Twist-grain-boundary phase 561—573 682 Twist-grain-boundary phase, analogy with superconductivity 571—573 Twist-grain-boundary phase, X-ray scattering 568—571 Twisted nematic see “Cholesteric liquid crystal” Twisted nematic display 304 Two scale factor universality 234 Two-component fluids 453 Two-dimensional order 15 Two-dimensional order, Bravais lattice 50 Two-dimensional order, charge-density wave 80 Two-dimensional order, charge-density wave, smectic 311 Two-dimensional order, hexagonal solids 321 Two-dimensional order, orthogonal group 137 Two-dimensional order, orthogonal group 71—77 Two-fluid model 461 U(1) symmetry 289 (see also “xy symmetry”) Undamped oscillator 359 Undulations, smectic 315 Unit cell 43—46 Universality class 213 230 683 Unstable fixed point 245 Up-down symmetry 230 Upper critical dimension 213 215 228 264 Upper critical field 564 Ursell function 35—36 124 195—196 Vacancy 49 325 683 Vacancy, diffusion 459 Van der Waals attraction 18—20 683 Van der Waals equations of state 144 683 Van Hove theory 465 471 683 Variational mean-field theory 198 Velocity correlation function 385 Vesicle 70 73 683 Vicinal surface 648 Villain model 583 645 683 Villain model, duality 578—579 viscosity 387 447—448 683 Viscosity, kinematic 449 Viscosity, table of common materials 448 Viscous force 360 Volterra construction 515 517 519 683 Vortex energy 526 Vortices 495—499 504—506 Vortices, analogy with magnetism 530—531 Vortices, and the spin-wave stiffness 542—544 Vortices, energy 526—530 Vortices, helium films 551—555 Vortices, in xy-models 506—507 Vortices, Kosterlitz — Thouless transition 544—551 Vortices, superfluid helium films 551—555 Vortices, vortex pairs 499—500 Walls, kinks and solitons 590—656 Walls, kinks and solitons, 597—599 Walls, kinks and solitons, domain walls in mean-field theory 595—601 Walls, kinks and solitons, dynamics 599—601 Walls, kinks and solitons, fluctuating walls 620—635 Walls, kinks and solitons, fluctuating walls, arrays 635—643 Walls, kinks and solitons, Frenkel — Kontorowa model 601—620 Walls, kinks and solitons, soliton, sine-Gordon 599 Wandering exponent 594 629 Water as example of condensed matter 3—15 Water, ice crystals 8 Water, ice crystals, dislocations 12—13 Water, Navier — Stokes equation 448 Water, phase diagram 4 Water, viscosity 448 Wave number cutoff 152 666 Wedge disclination 519 Weight function 221 Weiner — Khintchine theorem 355 683 Weiss molecular field theory 144 148 683 White noise source 383 466 Wigner — Seitz cell 44—46 50 52 683 Winding number 497 503—505 528 603 Wine bottle 289 Work hardening 521 683 Wulff construction 653 Wulff plot 654 684 Wurtzite 9 X-ray diffraction and scattering chapter 2 33 67 613—614 X-ray diffraction and scattering, from TGB phase 568—571 (see also “Scattering” “Bragg and X-ray structure factor 325 Xenon 79 Xenon, electron scattering 560 Xenon, on graphite 77 324—326 560 Xenon, on graphite, incommensurate phases 635 XY-model 288 289 495 502 506 524 544—545 684 xy-model, elasticity 289—290 xy-model, longitudinal and transverse response 575—577 xy-model, shear modulus 555 xy-model, vortex energy 526—530 xy-model, vortex unbinding 555 xy-symmetry 137 Yang — Lee edge 286 684 Yield stress 12 518 684 Young’s modulus 337 533 557 684 Young’s modulus, 2-D 632 “Problems” 103—107 209—212 283—287 347—352 411—416 492—194 585—589 656—661
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