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| Авторизация |
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| Поиск по указателям |
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| Furui S. — Digital Speech Processing, Synthesis, and Recognition |
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| Предметный указатель |
 plane 16
 -law 142
 -type four-terminal circuits 223
%correct 322
A posteriori probability 363 365
A* search 312
a-Law 142
Abdominal muscles 10
Accent 10
Accent component 230
Accuracy 322
Acoustic background 303
Acoustic model 314
Adaptation on line 336
Adaptation to environmental variation 380
Adaptation, backward (feedback) 143 151
Adaptation, forward (feedforward) 143
Adaptation, instantaneous 336
Adaptive bit allocation 163
Adaptive delta modulation (ADM) 151
Adaptive differential PCM 143 148
Adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM) 151 158
Adaptive inverse filtering 114
Adaptive PCM, (APCM) 143
Adaptive prediction 147
Adaptive prediction, backward 149 151
Adaptive prediction, forward 149
Adaptive predictive coding 143
Adaptive predictive coding with adaptive bit allocation (APC-AB) 166
Adaptive predictive coding, (APC) 149 153
Adaptive predictive DPCM (AP-DPCM) 149
Adaptive quantization 138 143
Adaptive quantization, backward 151
Adaptive transform coding (ATC) 163
Adaptive transform coding (ATC) with VQ (ATC-VQ) 179
Adaptive vector predictive coding (AVPC) 180
Adjustment window condition 269
AEN (articulation equivalent loss) 201
Affine transformation 336
Affricate sound 11
Air Travel Information System (ATIS) 323
Alexander Graham Bell 1
Aliasing distortion 47
All-pole model 89
All-pole polynomial spectral density function 90
All-pole spectrum 68
All-pole speech production system 68
Allophones 219 229
Allophonic variations 320
Amplitude density distribution function 21
Amplitude level 20
Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion 45 51
Analysis-by-synthesis (A-b-S) method 42 71 190
Analysis-by-synthesis coder 196
Analysis-synthesis 73 135
Anti-model 347
Antiformant 30 127
Antiresonance 30
Antiresonance circuit 27 224
AR process 91
Area function 33 111
Arithmetic coding 134
Articulation 9 11 27 30
Articulation equivalent transmission loss (AEN) 201
Articulation, manner of 12
Articulation, place of 12
Articulators 11
Articulatory model 223
Articulatory movement 11
Articulatory organs 11 246
Articulatory units 381
Artificial intelligence (AI) 382
Aspiration 11
Auditory critical bandwidth 251
Auditory nerve system 7
Auditory scene analysis 385
Audrey 243
Augmented transition network (ATN) 312
Autocorrelation function 52 53 251 252
Autocorrelation method 87 252
Automation control 301
Autoregressive (AR) process 89
Average branching factor 322
Back-propagation training algorithm 401
Backward prediction error 102
Backward propagation wave 33
Backward variable 285
Bakis model 279
Band-pass bank 76 159 251
Band-pass filter (BPF) 82 70 250
Band-pass lifters 252
Bark-scale frequency axis 251
Basilar membrane 251
Baum — Welch algorithm 282 288
Bayes' rule 313
Bayes' sense 364
Bayesian learning 335
Beam search method 311
Bernoulli effect 10
Best-first method 311
BIC (Bayesian information criterion) 325 328
Bigram 316
Binary tree coding (BTC) 178
Blackboard model 310
Blind equalization 361
Bottom-up 308
Boundary condition at the lips and glottis 115
Boundary condition for the time warping function 268
Breadth-first method 311
Cascade connection 225
Case frame 312
Centroid 176 337 394
Cepstral analysis 79
Cepstral coefficient 62 77 251
Cepstral distance (CD) 202
Cepstral mean normalization (CMN) 325 341 361
Cepstral mean subtraction (CMS) 341 361
Cepstrum 62
Cepstrum method 252
CHATR 238
Cholesky decomposition method 89
City block distance 269
Claimed speaker 364
Class N-gram 317
Cluster-splitting method (LBG algorithm) 176 395
Clustering 332
Clustering-based methods 176
Coarticulation 16 245 378
Coarticulation, dynamic model of 383
Code vectors 176 393
Code-excited linear predictive coding (CELP) 193
Codebook 176 281 393
Codeword 279
Coding 45 47 199
Coding bit rate 200
Coding delay 200
Coding in frequency domain 159
Coding in time domain 141
Coding methods, evaluation of 199
Cohort speakers 364
Complexity of coder and decoder 200
Composite sinusoidal model (CSM) 126
Concatenation synthesizer 238
Connected word recognition 295
Connection strength 399
Consonant 6
context 308
Context-dependent phoneme units 229 247
Context-free grammar (CFG) 312
Context-oriented-clustering (COC) method 237
| Continuous speech recognition 246
Conversational speech recognition 246
Convolution 387
Convolutional (multiplicative) distortion 344
Corpus 314
Corpus-based speech synthesis 237
Cosh measure 256
Covariance method 87
CS-ACELP 205
Customer (registered speaker) 354
CV syllable 228 247
CVC syllable 228 247
DARPA speech recognition projects 323
Database for evaluation 386
Decision criterion (threshold) 356
DECtalk system 236
Deemphasis 51
Delayed decision encoding 173
Delayed feedback effect 8
Deleted interpolation method 316
Delta modulation (DM or AM) 149
Delta-cepstrum 262 363
Delta-delta-cepstrum 263
Demisyllable 229 297
Depth-first method 311
Detection-based approach 344
Devocalization 266
Diaphragm 10
Differential coding 148
Differential PCM (DPCM) 145 148
Differential quantization 149
Digital filter bank 70
Digital processing of speech 386
Digital signal processors (DPSs) 386
Digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion 51
Digitization 45
Diphone 229 247
Diphthong 13
Discounting ratio 317
Discourse 264
Discrete cosine transform (DCT) 163
Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) 57 163
Discriminant analysis 364
Discriminative training 293 347
Distance (similarity) measure 176 249
Distance (similarity) measure based on LPC 252
Distance (similarity) measure based on nonparametric spectral analysis 251
Distance normalization 364
Distinctive features 20
Distortion rate function 135
Divergence 363
Double-SPLIT method 278
Dual z-transform 68
Duration 230 234 264
Durbin's recursive solution method 89 105 108
Dyad 229 247
Dynamic characteristics 367
Dynamic programming (DP) matching 266 277 297
Dynamic programming (DP) matching, asymmetrical 270
Dynamic programming (DP) matching, staggered array 272 249
Dynamic programming (DP) matching, symmetrical 270
Dynamic programming (DP) matching, unconstrained endpoint 270
Dynamic programming (DP) matching, variations in 270
Dynamic programming (DP) method 287
Dynamic programming (DP) method, CW (clockwise) 300
Dynamic programming (DP) method, O(n) (order n) 301
Dynamic programming (DP) method, OS (one-stage) 301
Dynamic programming (DP) path 270
Dynamic spectral features 262 367 378
Dynamic spectral features (spectral transition) 262 367 378
Dynamic time warping (DTW) 260 266
Ears 7
EM algorithm 290
Energy level 248
entropy 322
Entropy coding 133
Equivalent vocabulary size 322
Error deletion 323
Error insertion 323
Error rate 323
Error substitution 323
Euclidean distance 250
Evaluation factors for speech coding systems 199
Evaluation methods for speech processing technologies 385
Evaluation methods, objective 200
Evaluation methods, subjective 200
F-ratio (inter- to intravariance ratio) 363
False acceptance (FA) 354
False rejection (FR) 354
Fast Fourier transform (FFT) 57 251
Feedforward nets 399
FFT cepstrum 69
Filler 305
Filler speech model 303
Filter bank 70
Fine structure 64
Finite slate VQ (FSVQ) 182
First-order differential processing 114
Fixed prediction 147
Formant 14 127
Formant, bandwidth 19
Formant, frequency 14 39
Formant, frequency, extraction 71
Formant-type speech synthesis method 224
Forward and backward waves 223
Forward prediction error 102
Forward propagation wave 33
Forward variable 283
Forward-backward algorithm 282 283
Forward-type AP-DPCM 153
Fourier transform 53
Fourier transform, pair (Wiener — Khintchine theorem) 54
Frame 60
Frame interval 60
Frame length 60
Frequency resolution 60
Frequency spectrum 52
Fricative 10
Full search coding (FSC) 178
Fundamental equations 35
Fundamental frequency (pitch) 10 24 79 230 351
Fundamental period 10
Gaussian 291
Gaussian mixture 305
Gaussian mixture model (GMM) 325 371
Generation rules (rewriting rules) 312
Glottal area 42
Glottal source 10
Glottal volume velocity 42
Glottis 10
Good — Turing estimation theory 317
Grammar 314
Granular noise 150
Hamming window 58
Hanning window 58
Hard limiters 399
Harmonic plus noise model (HNM) 220
Harpy system 311
Hat theory of intonation 230
Hearing 7
Hearsay II system 310
Hidden layers 399
Hidden Markov model (HMM) 278
Hidden Markov model (HMM) coding 184
Hidden Markov model (HMM) composition 344 363
Hidden Markov model (HMM) decomposition 344
Hidden Markov model (HMM) evaluation problem 282
Hidden Markov model (HMM) left-to-right 279
Hidden Markov model (HMM) linear predictive 371
Hidden Markov model (HMM), continuous 279 290
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