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Amit Y. — 2D object detection and recognition
Amit Y. — 2D object detection and recognition



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Название: 2D object detection and recognition

Автор: Amit Y.

Аннотация:

Two important subproblems of computer vision are the detection and recognition of 2D objects in gray-level images. This book discusses the construction and training of models, computational approaches to efficient implementation, and parallel implementations in biologically plausible neural network architectures. The approach is based on statistical modeling and estimation, with an emphasis on simplicity, transparency, and computational efficiency.
The book describes a range of deformable template models, from coarse sparse models involving discrete, fast computations to more finely detailed models based on continuum formulations, involving intensive optimization. Each model is defined in terms of a subset of points on a reference grid (the template), a set of admissible instantiations of these points (deformations), and a statistical model for the data given a particular instantiation of the object present in the image. A recurring theme is a coarse to fine approach to the solution of vision problems. The book provides detailed descriptions of the algorithms used as well as the code, and the software and data sets are available on the Web.
Yali Amit is Professor of Statistics and Computer Science at the University of Chicago.


Язык: en

Рубрика: Computer science/Обработка изображений/

Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц

ed2k: ed2k stats

Год издания: 2002

Количество страниц: 306

Добавлена в каталог: 25.11.2005

Операции: Положить на полку | Скопировать ссылку для форума | Скопировать ID
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Предметный указатель
Absolute arrangements      26 184 196 201—208 219 230
Aggregate classifier      190 192 202—205
anchor points      123 163
Angiogram      76 80
Area integral      39
Arrangement of local features      26 184
Arrangement of local features, absolute      181 see
Arrangement of local features, constraints      113 151
Arrangement of local features, relational      181 see
Arrangement of local features, star type      184
Backward transform      41 55 89
Backward transform, discrete      42 90 91
Basis coefficients      33 42 85 86 88
Basis functions      32 33 38 41 42 45 53 85 105
Basis functions, Fourier      33 see
Basis functions, linear      92
Basis functions, principal components      54
Basis functions, wavelets      33 see
Bayes classifier      8
Bayesian modeling      x 11 18
Bayes’ rule      x 17
Binomial distribution      68 128 135
Boosting      191 192 203—205
Bottom-up processing      1 7 215
Brain      101 173
Brain, activity      101
Brain, matching      101
Brain, ventricle      109—111 120
Brute force search      153 154 156
Chess piece      45 216
Chess piece, classification      216
Cholesky decomposition      98
Classification tree      x 25 185 186 188 196 215 230 236
Classification tree, depth      185 187 203
Classification tree, multiple      181 see
Classification tree, node empirical distribution      186
Classification tree, predictors      25
Classification tree, purity measure      186
Classification tree, query      185 186 189
Classification tree, recursive partitioning      26
Classification tree, relational arrangements      198
Classification tree, split      186 200
Classification tree, stopping rule      186 203
Classification tree, terminal node      186 187
Classification tree, terminal node, class distribution      187
Classification tree, terminal node, class distribution estimates      187
Classification tree, testing      187
Classification tree, training      26 185 186 200
Clutter      45 57 64 76 79 207 208 219
Coarse to fine, computation      34 45 53 87 89 93 99 145 180
Coarse to fine, object model      180
Coarse to fine, sparse model      145
Comparison arrays      110 118 119
Compositional models      11
Computer vision      1 2 40
Conditional independence      16 36 53 57 61 69 72 95 115 128
Conjugate gradient      45 91
Continuum      57 84 87
Continuum formulation      32 36 37 49 53 81
Correspondence space search      5 148
Cost function      18 57 112
Cost function, deformable contour      37
Cost function, deformable image      95
Cost function, non-linear      41 107
Covariance matrix      54
Data model, deformable contour      35 48
Data model, deformable curve      59 68
Data model, deformable image      84 93
Data model, sparse model      114
Daubechies wavelet      33 100
Decomposability      140
Deformable contour      4 19 40 51 53 57 78 88 179
Deformable contour, algorithm      42 46
Deformable contour, coarse to fine      45 47 53 89
Deformable contour, computation      41
Deformable contour, cost function      37
Deformable contour, data model      35 37 48
Deformable contour, deformations      31 32 34 54 88
Deformable contour, detection      169
Deformable contour, discretization      42
Deformable contour, edge model      40 53
Deformable contour, initialization      79
Deformable contour, inside-outside model      31 36 55 88
Deformable contour, instantiation      32 42 48 54
Deformable contour, lattice parameterization      53
Deformable contour, likelihood      36 37
Deformable contour, parameter estimation, off-line      48 52
Deformable contour, parameter estimation, on-line      48 51 52
Deformable contour, posterior      35 36 48 49
Deformable contour, prior      32 35
Deformable contour, shape      31 174
Deformable contour, sparse model initialization      169 171 174
Deformable contour, spectral parameterization      33 53
Deformable contour, template      32 79
Deformable contour, time step      42 44
Deformable contour, variational analysis      37
Deformable curve      4 20 78 116 179
Deformable curve, algorithm, dynamic programming      63—66 78 80
Deformable curve, algorithm, tree based      67 74 78 80
Deformable curve, background model      59 68
Deformable curve, backtracking      76
Deformable curve, computation time      64
Deformable curve, data model      57 59 61 62 68
Deformable curve, deformations      57
Deformable curve, detection      169
Deformable curve, image transform      58
Deformable curve, initialization      79 80
Deformable curve, instantiation      57 60 62 67 79
Deformable curve, jump ahead      76
Deformable curve, likelihood      59—61 68
Deformable curve, local features      58
Deformable curve, model      62 63
Deformable curve, parameter estimation      61
Deformable curve, posterior      62 71
Deformable curve, posterior, partial      71 73 74
Deformable curve, prior      57 62 80
Deformable curve, prior, tree structured      67
Deformable curve, shape      67
Deformable curve, template      57 62 79
Deformable image      21 101 105 179
Deformable image, algorithm      101
Deformable image, algorithm, coarse to fine      89 99 101 104
Deformable image, Bernoulli model      4 85 93 97 105 112 121 168 179
Deformable image, Bernoulli model, background      96
Deformable image, Bernoulli model, image transform      94
Deformable image, computation time      100
Deformable image, cost function      87 88 95
Deformable image, cost function, linearization      92 97 98 100 101
Deformable image, deformations      81—83 87 88 93 95 101 105
Deformable image, discretization      90
Deformable image, displacement field      84 85 87 93 99
Deformable image, flow models      104
Deformable image, Gaussian model      84 97 112
Deformable image, image transform      85
Deformable image, initialization      92
Deformable image, instantiation      84 95 96
Deformable image, lattice parameterization      92 100 104
Deformable image, likelihood      84 87 95
Deformable image, parameter estimation      85 96 105
Deformable image, pose parameters      92
Deformable image, posterior      87 95
Deformable image, prior      85 87
Deformable image, prototype image      84 88 96 104
Deformable image, regularizing term      87
Deformable image, sparse model initialization      168 180
Deformable image, spectral parameterization      85 87 93 98 104
Deformable image, template      82
Deformable image, time step      91
Deformable image, training      96
Deformable models      x 3 6 19 24 111
Deformable models, automatic initialization      163 166
Deformable models, instantiation      161
Deformable models, sparse model initialization      180
Deformable models, user initialization      19
Deformations, deformable contour      31 32 54
Deformations, deformable curve      57
Deformations, deformable image      81—83 87 88 93 95 101 105
Dynamic programming      17 57 63 67 117 140 151
Dynamic programming, deformable curve      63 148
Dynamic programming, sparse model      148
Dynamic programming, state space      63 142 148 149
Edge arrangements      7 113 121 122 125 128 157 163 184 194 206 216 221 224
Edge arrangements, background density      129—131 133
Edge arrangements, complexity      121 129—131
Edge arrangements, subregions      121 129
Edge arrangements, two-edge arrangements      123 194 236 240
Edge arrangements, wedges      121 122 128
Edge maps      128 161 162
Edges      93 94 113 121 184 194 219 236
Edges, background density      129—131 136 160
entropy      69 72
Entropy, conditional      70 186
Entropy, joint      69
Euler equations      100
Face      128 132 162 163 168
Face, deformations      81 82
Face, detection      97 125
Face, detector      161—163
Face, edge arrangements frequencies      125
Face, edges frequencies      125
Face, instantiation      96
Face, matching      82
Face, sparse model      125 126 155
Fast Fourier Transform      42
Feed forward neural net      185 196 253
Fisher      185
Forward transform      38 41 50 55 89 95
Forward transform, discrete      42 90 91
Fourier basis      35 42 86 87
Gaussian      35 37 48 52 84 85 93
Generative models      11
Geometric invariance      10 26 118 122 184 193 212 241
Geons      178
Global optimization      57
Global optimum      55 79
Gradient descent      17 31 41 57 84 88 89 92 95 99 100 112
Gradient flow      38 41 91
Green’s Theorem      39 50
Handwritten digits      181 202 233
Heart      51
Heart ventricle      46
Hebbian learning      29 237 241 245 253 256
Hebbian learning, field dependent      244 245 253 257
hessian      44 91 100
High-level processing      1
Homeomorphisms      104
Hopfield networks      257
Hough transform      6 153—155
Hypothesis      128
Image compression      93
Image deformation      81
Image grid      13
Image normalization      9
Image registration      9
Image segmentation      1 7 11 27 53 181 215 227
Image sequence analysis      4 100
Image surface      20 41 81
Image surface, local topography      14 109 120
Image surface, topography      81 85
Image synthesis      5 111
Image transforms      4 16 18 21
images, background      129 135 161
Images, office      136
Inexact consistent labeling      6 148
Initialization      31 55
Initialization, deformable contour      79
Initialization, deformable curve      78 79
Initialization, deformable image      107
Instantiation, deformable contour      32
Instantiation, deformable curve      57 79
Instantiation, deformable image      95 96
Instantiation, region of interest      161 162 181
Instantiation, region of interest, registration      161
Instantiation, sparse model      112 116
Interpolation      160
Interpolation, linear      90
Laplacian      100
LATEX symbols      201 206 247
LATEX symbols, detection      226
LATEX symbols, prototype      168
LATEX symbols, random deformations      168
LATEX symbols, recognition      226
LATEX symbols, scene analysis      224—226
LATEX symbols, sparse model      168
LATEX symbols, sparse model, detection      170
LATEX symbols, sparse model, local features      168
LATEX symbols, sparse model, training      168
Least squares      98 100
Level curves      81
Level set methods      54
Likelihood, deformable contour      36 37
Likelihood, deformable curve      59
Likelihood, deformable image      87
Likelihood, ratio      60
Likelihood, sparse model      114 115
Linear discriminant analysis      185 196
Local features      16 20 24 93 112 184 221
Local features, background density      111 128 129 135—137 145 161
Local features, background probabilities      115 118
Local features, binary      16 21
Local features, clustering      158
Local features, comparison arrays      118 see
Local features, consistent arrangement      5
Local features, density      149
Local features, edge arrangements      121 see
Local features, edges      93 see
Local features, false positives      109
Local features, invariant      112
Local features, micro-image codes      184 see
Local features, on class probability      246
Local features, pose invariance      133
Local features, registered      216 217 219 221
Local features, ridges, see ridges      93
Local features, spreading      193 196 201 206 219 241
Local features, statistics      111 128 245
Low-level processing      1
Machine learning      212
Maximum likelihood      48 61
Mean curvature      41
Medical imaging      31
Micro-image codes      193 202
Minimal cut      55
Model shifting      233
Motion estimation      93 104
MPEG      93
MRI      31 101 109
MRI, brain scan      48 58 65 66 76 77 102 106 109 110 144 147
MRI, brain scan, instantiation      174
MRI, brain scan, sparse model      146 173 174
MRI, brain scan, ventricle      109
MRI, functional      101
Multiple classification trees      27 165 189 202 216 217 225
Multiple classification trees with absolute arrangements      196
Multiple classification trees with relational arrangements      198
Multiple classification trees, aggregation      189—191 202
Multiple classification trees, boosting      191 192
Multiple classification trees, boosting, overfit      204
Multiple classification trees, conditional covariance      209
Multiple classification trees, conditional independence      209
Multiple classification trees, experiments      201
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