|
|
 |
| Àâòîðèçàöèÿ |
|
|
|
| Ïîèñê ïî óêàçàòåëÿì |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
| Norman G.R., Streiner D. — Biostatistics: the bare essentials |
|
|
|
| Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü |
 contingency table 151
contingency table, measures of association for 163—166
Actuarial approach to survival analysis 184—186
additive rule 30—31
Adequacy, Kaiser — Meyer — Olkin Measure of Sampling 132—133
Alpha in significance testing 44
Alternate hypothesis 40
AM see “Arithmetic mean”
Analysis of covariance 120—125
Analysis of variance see “ANOVA”
Analysis, factor see “Factor analysis”
Analysis, log-linear 157—159
Analysis, survival see “Survival analysis”
Ancova see “Analysis of covariance”
Anomalous values 202—204
ANOVA in multiple regression 109 110
ANOVA, advanced topics in 119—128
ANOVA, factorial see “Factorial ANOVA”
ANOVA, Friedman two-way 172—173
ANOVA, one-way see “One-way ANOVA”
ANOVA, repeated-measures 88—96
Antiimage correlation matrix 132
Area of normal curve 27
Area of normal curve, table for 237—239
Arithmetic mean 15
Arithmetic mean, uses of 21
Association for categorical data 163—169
Association for ranked data 176—181
Average 15
Bar charts 6—9
Bartlett test of sphericity 132
BDI see “Beck Depression Inventory”
Beck Depression Inventory 25
Bell curve 19 23
Beta in multiple regression 113
Beta in significance testing 44
Between-subjects factor 91
Binomial distribution 33—36
BMDP in ANCOVA 128
BMDP in ANOVA, factorial 81—82
BMDP in ANOVA, one-way 72
BMDP in ANOVA, repeated-measures 95
BMDP in data analysis 13
BMDP in data description 22
BMDP in measures of association for categorical data 169
BMDP in measures of association for ranked data 181
BMDP in paired t-test 87
BMDP in principal components and factor analysis 142
BMDP in regression analysis, logistic 128
BMDP in regression analysis, multiple 118
BMDP in regression analysis, nonlinear 128
BMDP in regression analysis, simple 107
BMDP in significance testing for categorical frequency data 162
BMDP in significance testing for ranked data 175
BMDP in survival analysis 195
BMDP in t-test 63
Bonferroni correction in one-way ANOVA 67
Box plots 48—49
Case-control study 150
Categorical data, measures of association for 163—169
Categorical data, significance testing for 150—162 (see also “Significance testing”)
Cattell’s scree test 134—135
Central limit theorem 24
Central limit theorem in ANOVA 92
Central tendency, measures of 15—16
Central tendency, measures of, uses of 20—21
Chi-squared test 151—153
Chi-squared test, critical values for 244
Chi-squared test, Mantel — Cox 190—191
Chi-squared test, Mantel — Haenszel 156—157
Chi-squared test, McNemar 155—156
CHICC score 100
CI see “Confidence intervals”
Clinical importance 48
Coefficient of determination 103—104
Coefficient, beta 113
Coefficient, contingency 164
Coefficient, correlation see “Correlation coefficient”
Coefficient, factor score 140—141
Coefficient, phi 164
Coefficient, standardized regression 113
Coefficient, standardized regression in factor analysis 135
Cohen’s kappa 164—166
Cohort study 150
Communality, term 131
Comparing two groups 58—63
Computer see “BMDP” “Minitab” “SPSS/PC”
Computer in factor analysis 140—141
Computer in multiple regression 1 16
Conditional probability 31—32
Conditional probability in survival analysis 186
confidence intervals 47
Confidence intervals in correlation 106
Contingency coefficient 164
Contingency table 151
Continuity, Yates’ correction for 153
Continuous data 3
Controlled trial, randomized 150
Correction, Bonferroni 67
Correction, Yates’ 153
Correlation coefficient 103—104
Correlation coefficient in multiple regression 110
Correlation coefficient, interpretation of 104—106
Correlation coefficient, Pearson’s 104
Correlation coefficient, Pearson’s, critical values for 245
Correlation in multiple regression 112
Correlation matrix in factor analysis 131—133
Correlation, confidence intervals and significance tests in 106
Correlation, mean differences in 215
Correlation, point-biserial 177—178
Correlation, Spearman rank 177
Covariance 104
Covariance in survival analysis 191—193
Covariance, analysis of 120—125
Cox proportional hazards model 191—193
Cramer’s V 164
Critical values 50
Critical values for chi-squared test 244
Critical values for F test 246—249
Critical values for Pearson’s correlation coefficient 245
Critical values for t-test 241
Crossed factors in ANOVA 79—80
Cubic, term 119
Cumulative frequency polygon 12
Cumulative probability 186
Curve, bell 19
Curve, normal 26—28
Curve, normal, area of 237—239
Curve, survival 186
DATA 6—13
Data in survival analysis 183—184
Data, categorical 163—169
Data, histogram and bar chart 6—9
Data, ordinal 8 17
Data, ranked 176—181
Data, specific point of 14
Data, transforming 206—210
Data, types of 3—4
Data, usefulness of 6
Database see “BMDP” “Minitab” “SPSS/PC”
Database in multiple regression 116
Death probability see “Survival analysis”
Deduction 205
Degrees of freedom 65—66
Degrees of freedom in multiple regression 109
Dependent probability 31—32
Dependent variable 3
Descriptive statistics 2 211—212
Determination, coefficient ol 103—104
Deviation, mean 18
| Deviation, standard see “Standard deviation”
Discrete data 3
Discrimination in point-biserial correlation 178
Dispersion, measures of 16—19
Dispersion, measures of, uses of 20—2f
Distribution of variance 136
Distribution, binomial 33—36
Distribution, Gaussian 23
Distribution, normal see “Normal distribution”
Distribution, rectangular 24
Dot plots 7
effect size 51
Effect size in one-way ANOVA 70
Effect size in t-test 62
Eigenvalue one test 134
Empirically derived probability 29—30
Equal sample sizes in t-test 59—60
Error in repeated-measures ANOVA 90
error, random 38
ES see “Effect size”
Eta in one-way ANOVA 70
Exclusive events, mutually 30—31
Existential variables 4
Expansion binomial 33—34
Exponential 193
F test in regression analysis 103
F test, critical values for 246—249
F test, partial 112
F-ratio in multiple regression 109
F-ratio, distribution of 66
FA see “Factor analysis”
Factor analysis 129—142
Factor analysis, definitions in 130—131
Factor analysis, factors in, extracting 133—134
Factor analysis, factors in, retaining and discarding 134—135
Factor analysis, factors in, rotating 135—139
Factor analysis, interpretation of 139 140
Factor analysis, matrix in, correlation 131—133
Factor analysis, matrix in, loading 135
Factor analysis, use of 140—141
Factorial ANOVA 73—82
Factorial ANOVA, crossed and nested factors in 79—80
Factorial ANOVA, graphing data in 76—79
Factorial ANOVA, mean differences in 2f5
Factorial ANOVA, random and fixed factors in 79
Factorial ANOVA, sample size calculations in 80
Factorial ANOVA, sums of squares and mean squares in 76
Factorials 33—34
Factorials, complexity of 136
Far outliers in box plots 49
Fences in box plots 49
Fisher’s exact test 153—155
Fixed factors in ANOVA 79
Freedom, degrees of 65—66
Freedom, degrees of in multiple regression 109
Frequency polygon 10—12
Frequency, significance testing for see “Significance testing”
Friedman two-way ANOVA 172—173
Gambler’s fallacy 32
Gaussian distribution 23 (see also “Normal distribution”)
Geometric mean 21
GM see “Geometric mean”
graphing 8
Graphing of ANOVA 76—79
Group comparison 58—63
Harmonic mean 61
Hazard, term 185
Hazards model, Cox proportional 191—193
Hierarchical stepwise regression 113—115
Homoscedasticity 92
Honestly significant difference 68
HSD see “Honestly significant difference”
Hypothesis testing in correlation 106
Hypothesis testing in inferential statistics 40
Hypothesis testing, constructs in 130
Identity matrix in factor analysis 132
Imputing data 205—206
Independent samples 32 212
Independent variable 3
Inferential statistics 2 38—52
Inferential statistics, box plots in 48—49
Inferential statistics, clinical importance in 48
Inferential statistics, concepts of 38—39
Inferential statistics, confidence intervals in 47
Inferential statistics, elements of 40
Inferential statistics, errors in 43—46
Inferential statistics, hypothesis testing in 40
Inferential statistics, one- and two-tail tests in 46—47
Inferential statistics, populations in 39
Inferential statistics, samples in 39
Inferential statistics, samples in, estimation of 49—51
Inferential statistics, signal-to-noise ratio in 42—43
Inferential statistics, significance testing in 4f
Inferential statistics, standard deviation and error in 40—41
Inferential statistics, statistical significance in 48
Inferential statistics, z-test in 41—42
Inner fence in box plots 49
Interquartile range 17—18
Interquartile range in box plots 49
Interquartile range, uses of 20—21
Interval, confidence 47
Interval, confidence in correlation 106
Interval, variable of 4—5 211 212
Interval, variable of, graphing of 8
Interval, variable of, t-test and 58—59
Interval, width of 8
IQR see “Interquartile range”
Kaiser criterion 134
Kaiser — Meyer — Olkin measure of sampling adequacy 132—133
Kaplan — Meier approach to survival analysis 186—187
Kappa, Cohen’s 164—166
Kappa, weighted 166—167
Kendall’s tau 178—179
Kendall’s W 179—180
KMO see “Kaiser — Meyer — Olkin measure of sampling adequacy”
Kruskal — Wallis one-way ANOVA 172
kurtosis 19—20
Latent variables 129 130
Lawley test 134
Least significant difference 68
Least-squares analysis 102
Leptokurtic, term 19
Life table analysis see “Survival analysis”
Line, regression 102
Log-linear analysis 157—159
Log-rank test, Mantel — Cox 190—191
Logarithm in data transformation 209
Logistic regression 125—126
LSD see “Least significant difference”
Mann — Whitney U test 171
Mantel — Cox log-rank test 190—191
Mantel — Haenszel chi-squared test 156—157
Marginals 31
Matched observations in significance testing 155—156
Matrix, correlation 131—133
Matrix, factor 135 140—141
McNemar chi-squared test 155—156
Mean 14 15—16
Mean deviation 18
Mean in binomial distribution 35
Mean square in ANCOVA 122 123
Mean square in ANOVA, factorial 76
Mean square in ANOVA, one-way 66
Mean square in multiple regression 109
Mean survival 183
Mean, arithmetic 21
Mean, confidence interval around 47
Mean, difference among 215
Mean, geometric 21
Mean, harmonic 61
|
|
|
| Ðåêëàìà |
|
|
|
|
|
Î ïðîåêòå