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Berry M. — Principles of cosmology and gravitation
Berry M. — Principles of cosmology and gravitation



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Íàçâàíèå: Principles of cosmology and gravitation

Àâòîð: Berry M.

Àííîòàöèÿ:

General relativity and quantum mechanics have become the two central pillars of theoretical physics. General relativity has important applications in astrophysics and high-energy particle physics. Principles of Cosmology and Gravitation covers the fundamentals of the subject. Written for the undergraduate student the aim of this book is to describe the universe as revealed by observation and to present a theoretical framework to enable important cosmological formulae to be derived and numerical calculations performed.


ßçûê: en

Ðóáðèêà: Ôèçèêà/Ãðàâèòàöèîííîå âçàèìîäåéñòâèå/Êîñìîëîãèÿ/

Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö

ed2k: ed2k stats

Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1976

Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 179

Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 27.07.2005

Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ññûëêó äëÿ ôîðóìà | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ID
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Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü
'Big bang' theory      21—22
'Big bang' theory as consequence of general relativity      124—126
'Big bang' theory conditions before singularity      132—133
'Big bang' theory nature of singularity      156—157
'Big bang' theory, horizons in early epochs of      110
'Dachshund' universe      132
'Hair' of black hole      101
'Mikado', the      157
'Radius of universe'      105
Ad hoc hypothesis      21 22 30 139 143
Age of the universe      124—125 132 134 138
Angular momentum of protogalaxy      152—153
Antimatter in early universe      155—156
Arc length      48—49
Arc length in space of constant curvature      69
Arrow of time      see "Time"
Astronomical unit      7
Baade, W.      13
Bending of light      see "Deflection of light"
Berkeley, G.      37
Black hole      4 17 41 91—102
Black-body radiation      see "Cosmic black-body radiation"
Bondi, H.      4 133 134
Brans — Dicke theory      139
Brillouin, L.      157
Caesium clocks      78
Cepheid variables      12—14
Chaos in early universe      146
Charlier, C.      103
Clock paradox      24 57—58 79
Closed Universe      106 128
Clustering of galaxies      103
Collapse of universe      110 126—127 132—133
Comoving coordinates      104
Compton scattering      151
Continuous creation      22 135
Coordinate system      23 47
Coordinate system and equivalence principle      42
Coordinate system cosmic      104
Coordinate system in special relativity      35
Cosmic black-body radiation      5 22 105 140—145
Cosmic fluid      103
Cosmic fluid, gravitation of      119—123
Cosmic repulsion      see "Cosmical constant"
Cosmic scale factor      105
Cosmic scale factor and horizons      109—111
Cosmic scale factor and Hubble's constant      106
Cosmic scale factor and red shift      108
Cosmic scale factor in early universe      145 147
Cosmic scale factor on Dirac's theory      137—138
Cosmic scale factor, determination of      123—133
Cosmic scale factor, equations governing      119—122
Cosmical constant      120—123
Cosmogony      2
Cosmography      1 3—22
Cosmological principle      1—2 22 104 133—134
Covariance principle      48 56 59
Curvature      55 60—73
Curvature of spacetime      119—120
Curvature tensor      67 71
Cygnus, X1      102
de Laplace, P.      101
Deceleration parameter      108
Deceleration parameter and cosmical constant      122
Deceleration parameter and number counts      116
Deceleration parameter in Dirac's cosmology      138
Deceleration parameter in steady state theory      134
Deceleration parameter, determination of      113
Deflection of light      44-45 85—88
Density of galaxies      114
Density of matter      4 15—17 140
Density of radiation      5 140—145
Density on steady state theory      135
Deuterium in early universe      154
Dirac, P.      136—139
Distance, hierarchy      5—15
Distance, luminosity      112
Distance, measures of      1 112
Distance, modulus      11
Distance, proper      50 51 106
Distance, table of      4
Doppler shift      see "Red shift"
Dynamics of universe models      119—139
Earth as vantage point      1 3
Earth, clocks near      76—79
Earth, precession of orbit      84
Echo, radar, time delay of      88—91
Eddington — Lemaitre model      132 134
Einstein, A., absolute space      33
Einstein, A., closed universe      128—129
Einstein, A., cosmical constant      120
Einstein, A., covariance principle      47—48
Einstein, A., equivalence principle      42
Einstein, A., field equations      48 71
Einstein, A., geodesic postulate      59
Einstein, A., special relativity      23 35
Electromagnetism      34 38
electrostatic forces      24
Entropy of universe      133
Equivalence principle      41—45 49 55 85
Ergosphere      100
Ether      34—35
Event      23 43 47
Event horizon      see "Horizon"
Evolution of galaxies      112 116—118 134—135
Evolution of universe models      119—133
Expansion of universe and red shift      20
Expansion of universe and scale factor      105—106
Expansion of universe and time's arrow      133
Extremal path      see "Geodesic"
Field equations      48 59 71 72 120 128
Fluctuations in ylem      146
Frame of reference      23 47
Frame of reference cosmic      104 143—144
Frame of reference local inertial      43—44 49 55 59 60 70
Frame of reference Newtonian inertial      31—34 36
Frame of reference, dragging of      97—99
Friedmann's equation      123—124
Galactic evolution      see "Evolution"
Galaxies clustering      103
Galaxies condensation      143—153
Galaxies mass      15—17
Galaxies number density      113—134
Galaxies origin of disc shape      152—153
Galaxies recession      18—19
Galaxies types, frontispiece      3
Galaxies, brightest      14—15
Galileo, G., equality of inertial and gravitational mass      27
Galileo, G., relativity      31—33 35
Galileo, G., transformation of coordinates      23 35
Gauss, K., curvature formula      66—67 76 119 160—163
Gauss, K., geometry near Earth      61 73
Gauss, K., intrinsic geometry of surfaces      60
Geodesic      55—60
Geodesic circle      62
Geodesic coordinates      160
Geodesic in Schwarzschild spacetime      79 86
Geodesic on cylinder      64—65
Geodesic triangle      67
Gilbert, W.S.      157
Gold, T.      134
Gravitational collapse      92 100
Gravitational shift      see "Red shift"
Gravitational waves      39—41 73 102
Gravity, variation of      136—139
Hafele — Keating experiment      76—79
Helium formation      154—155
Hertzsprung — Russell relation      11—12
Hierarchical model of universe      103
Homogeneity of universe      103—104 110 145—146
Horizon 'event' and 'object'      109—111
Horizon and Hubble's law      22 39
Horizon in early universe      146
Horizon near black hole      100
Hoyle, F.      135
Hubble's Law      18-19 21 22 39 106 110 117
Hubble, and Cepheid variables      13
Hyperspheres      68—70
Icarus, precession of orbit      84
Inertial frame      see "Frame of reference"
Inertial induction      39
Initial singularity      156—157
Instability in early universe      146—150
Interatomic forces      25
interval      see "Separation"
Isotropy of universe      104 110 146
Jeans' mass      147—150
Kerr, R.      98 101
Kinematics of universe models      103—118
Light cones      93 98—99
Lorentz contraction      50—51
Lorentz transformation      23—24 35 43 49
Luminosity and Dirac's theory      138
Luminosity and number counts      17 116—117
Luminosity and red shift      113—113
Luminosity and steady state theory      135—136
Luminosity of collapsing star      97
Luminosity, absolute and apparent      9—10
Mach's principle      37—39 97 120 128 139
Magnitude, absolute and apparent      10 112
Main sequence stars      11—12
Mass abundance of helium      154—155 see
Mass and spacetime      70—73
Mass, inertial and gravitational      25—28 59 81
Matter-dominated era      141 149
Mercury      see "Precession of perihelion"
Metric tensor      53—55 59
Metric tensor and curvature of surface      63—67
Metric tensor of Robertson — Walker spacetime      105
Metric tensor of Schwarzschild spacetime      76 91—92
Metric tensor of space of constant curvature      68—70
Michelson — Morley experiment      35
Microwave background radiation      see "Cosmic black body radiation"
Minkowski, H.      37
Missing mass problem      17 123 144 145 151
Moessbauer effect      41 45
Moving cluster method      9
Naked singularity      101
Neutrality of charge      25—26
Neutron star      40 101
Newtonian limit of general relativity      72 81 120—121
Non-Euclidean geometry      15 61 73 121 see
novae      14
Nuclear forces      24—25
Nucleosynthesis      153—155
Null cones      93 98—99
Null geodesic      58 59
Null geodesic in cosmic fluid      107—108
Null geodesic in Schwarzschild spacetime      86—87 89 95
Number counts      17 115—117 134—136
Numerical coincidences      136—139
Object horizon      see "Horizon"
Olbers' paradox      4—5 114—115
Orbits in Schwarzschild metric      81—83 100
Orthogonal metric      66
Oscillating universe models      132—133
Oscillations in early universe      146—150
Pair production in fireball      154—155
Parallax      6—8
Parallax, statistical      9
Parsec      7
Particle horizon      see "Horizon"
Penzias, A., and Wilson, R.      142
Perfect cosmological principle      22 133—134
Perihelion      see "Precession of perihelion"
Planck's law      141—142
Pound — Rebka experiment      45
Precession of perihelion      28—30 36 79—85
Pressure in early universe      146—150
Primaeval fireball      see "Ylem"
Proper distance      see "Distance"
Proper motion      8
Proper time      see "Time"
Pythagoras' theorem      48—50 63
QSOs (quasistellar objects)      4 20 87 117—118 132
Quantum gravity      92 156—157
Radial coordinate      68 72 74 104—105
Radiation-dominated era      140—141 148
Radio background radiation      5 115
Radio sources and homogeneity of universe      103
Radio sources, evolution of      116—118
Recombination era      144 151
Red shift and binary stars      101
Red shift and cosmic scale factor      107—109
Red shift and Earth's motion through cosmic fluid      143—144
Red shift and equivalence principle      45—46
Red shift and Hubble's law      17—22
Red shift and luminosity      112—113
Red shift and number counts      115—116
Red shift and steady state theory      134
Red shift in Schwarzschild space-time      96
Red shift of fireball photons      141
Red shift of QSO's      117—118 132
Rigid coordinate rods      47 68 72 74
Robertson — Walker metric      105
Sandage, A.      113
Scale factor      see "Cosmic scale factor"
Schwarzschild spacetime      74—102
Schwarzschild spacetime central singularity      100—101
Schwarzschild spacetime coordinate singularity      91—93
Schwarzschild spacetime metric      76
Schwarzschild spacetime null geodesics      85—91
Schwarzschild spacetime timelike geodesics      79—85
Scott effect      15 112
Separation      51 56—59
Separation, Robertson — Walker      105
Separation, Schwarzschild      76
Shapiro, I.      90 139
Signature of metric      55
Slipher, V.      18
Space, absolute      33—34 35 37 39
Spacetime      36 44 47 55
Spacetime cosmic      101—105
Spacetime, Schwarzschild      74—76
Spectral shift      see "Red shift"
Static limit      99
Steady state theory      22 113 118 133—136
Summation convention      53
Temperature of cosmic black-body radiation      104 141—145
Tensor curvature      67
Tensor metric      53
Theorema egregium      160—163
Tidal effects      44
Time, absolute      23
Time, cosmic      104
Time, gravitational dilation      46 72 96—97
Time, proper      48—51 76—78
Time, relativistic delay      88—91
Time, Schwarzschild      74—75
Time, special-relativity dilation      49—50
Tired light effect      21
Turbulence in early universe      153
Twin paradox      see "Clock paradox"
Venus, echo from      90—91
Venus, precession of orbit      84
Viscous damping in early universe      146 150—152
von Leibniz, G.      37
von Soldner, J.      85
Vulcan      30
Wheeler, J.      129
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