The present volume consists of original scholarly articles that develop further issues pertaining to gender equity in mathematics education. The premise - that there is no physical or intellectual barrier to the participation of women in mathematics, science, and technology - provides the starting point for analyses and discussion. The authors explore the attitudinal and societal/structural reasons for the gender imbalance in these fields and look at foci for change, including curriculum and assessment practices, classroom and school cultures, and teacher education programs. A major part of the book comprises a series of detailed descriptive studies of education systems across the world from the perspective of mathematics and gender equity issues.