This book examines mathematics education research from socio-political perspectives. It is organised in dialogic units which examine issues such as the critique of existing research results based on the adoption of socio-political approaches; the implications of alternative theoretical tools in researching mathematics education; the tensions emerging while conducting research in highly conflictive environments; the researchers' positioning with respect to research participants; and the adoption of socio-political methodological frameworks. As a whole, the book serves to illuminate what it means to say that power is a central constituent of mathematics education practices and research.