This updated edition is a consolidation of reference material needed to design, analyze, and evaluate imaging system performance. The information is integrated from a wide range of subjects in which the analyst must be conversant: target characterization, atmospheric effects, optics, detectors, electronics, displays, and human perception of image quality. The material could otherwise only be obtained by sifting through dozens of textbooks and journal articles. Although emphasis is placed on infrared systems, the principles apply to all imaging systems operating in the visible region of the spectrum.