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Reichman R. — Getting Computers to Talk Like You and Me. Discourse Context, Focus, and Semantics (An ATN Model)
Reichman R. — Getting Computers to Talk Like You and Me. Discourse Context, Focus, and Semantics (An ATN Model)



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Íàçâàíèå: Getting Computers to Talk Like You and Me. Discourse Context, Focus, and Semantics (An ATN Model)

Àâòîð: Reichman R.

Àííîòàöèÿ:

Getting a computer to understand our everyday language may be a long way off; the computer has to know how to think as well as follow the rules of a particular language. This book makes an important contribution to the study of pragmatics and discourse by presenting an explicit and precise computational approach to the complex problem of the structure of discourse.

As Professor Stephen Pinker of MIT notes, "Reichman has laudably chosen to inject some precision into a field much in need of it."

The book first looks at extended person-machine communication, beginning with person-person communication and focusing in particular on the conversational flow itself - what makes for coherent discourse? It then describes a computer model that describes this phenomenon as an augmented transition network (ATN).

Rachel Reichman is Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, San Diego.


ßçûê: en

Ðóáðèêà: Computer science/

Ñòàòóñ ïðåäìåòíîãî óêàçàòåëÿ: Ãîòîâ óêàçàòåëü ñ íîìåðàìè ñòðàíèö

ed2k: ed2k stats

Ãîä èçäàíèÿ: 1985

Êîëè÷åñòâî ñòðàíèö: 221

Äîáàâëåíà â êàòàëîã: 09.12.2005

Îïåðàöèè: Ïîëîæèòü íà ïîëêó | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ññûëêó äëÿ ôîðóìà | Ñêîïèðîâàòü ID
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Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü
Abstract process module, and context space resumptions      119—154
Abstract process module, use of ATN mechanism and      95—97
Activation, focus level assignment during      75—81
Analogies, in spontaneous discourse      163—166
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), and abstract process module      95—97
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), arcs in      91
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), discourse grammar compared to sentence grammar in      93—95
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), discourse grammar in      97 98 99
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), grammar in      91—97
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), registers in      91
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), states accessed in      128—136
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), trace of      93
Augmented Transition Network (ATN), violation of tests of      109—114
Boundary, of context space      25 27
Clue word(s), and conversational moves      36
Clue word(s), in discourse grammar      157—158
Cognitive processing, analogies      163—166
Cognitive processing, clues      36
Cognitive processing, expectations      29—30
Cognitive processing, formal logic      161—163
Cognitive processing, frame of reference      155—161
Cognitive processing, segmentation      23—27
Communicative dynamism (CD), approach      178—182
Context space      24—25 27
Context space constituents      51—66
Context space constituents, abstract slot      57
Context space constituents, antagonists slot      56
Context space constituents, authority slot      59
Context space constituents, claim slot      56
Context space constituents, contextual-function slot      52
Context space constituents, counterclaims slot      57
Context space constituents, countersupports slot      57
Context space constituents, derivation slot      52
Context space constituents, focus slot      53 55—56
Context space constituents, goal slot      52
Context space constituents, H-events slot      59
Context space constituents, mappings slot      57 59
Context space constituents, O-events slot      59
Context space constituents, orientation section slot      58
Context space constituents, protagonists slot      56
Context space constituents, relations slot      57
Context space constituents, speaker slot      52
Context space constituents, status slot      52—55
Context space constituents, support-cs slot      56
Context space constituents, support-fact slot      59
Context space constituents, support-statement slot      60
Context space constituents, topic slot      56
Context space constituents, type slot      52
Context space example      60—62
Context space theory, cognitive processing and      155—166
Context space theory, compared to world knowledge approach      189—204
Context space theory, features of      12 15—16
Context space, and characterization of abstract discourse structure      186—188
Context space, and concession of subargument      122—127
Context space, and discourse grammar rules      187—188
Context space, and linguistic theory      189—204
Context space, and theory of reference      71—90
Context space, and world knowledge      189—204
Context space, boundary points of      25 27
Context space, closed      84—85
Context space, components of      32—33 51—53
Context space, controlling      85—90
Context space, corelator slot in      32
Context space, direct challenge move and      65
Context space, further development move and      65—66
Context space, goal slot in      32
Context space, indirect challenge move and      64—65
Context space, influence of      28—29
Context space, interruption move and      64
Context space, maxim on quantity and      30
Context space, method slot in      32
Context space, open      83—84
Context space, prior logical abstraction move and      65
Context space, protagonist slot in      32
Context space, restatement move and      64
Context space, resumption of      81—90 120—121 127—136
Context space, resumption of, after subargument      120—121
Context space, resumption of, by joining forces      127—128
Context space, resumption of, states accessed in simulation of      128—136
Context space, return move and      64
Context space, speaker intent in      190—192
Context space, status slots in      33
Context space, status value of      72—74
Context space, subargument concession move and      65
Context space, support move and      62—63
Context space, suspensions of      119—154
Context space, trace of resumption of      136—139
Context space, types of      56—62
Context space, types of, comment      58—59
Context space, types of, issue      56—57
Context space, types of, narrative      58—59
Context space, types of, nonissue      58—62
Context space, types of, support      59—62
Conversation, defined      21 35—36
Conversation, moves of      35—49
Conversation, moves of, analogy      45—47
Conversation, moves of, clue words and      36
Conversation, moves of, direct challenge      41
Conversation, moves of, further development      44—45
Conversation, moves of, indirect challenge      40—41
Conversation, moves of, interruption      39
Conversation, moves of, prior logical abstraction      43—44
Conversation, moves of, restatement      39
Conversation, moves of, return      39—40
Conversation, moves of, subargument concession      41—42
Conversation, moves of, succession of      47—49
Conversation, moves of, support      37—39
Conversation, moves of, support and logic rules for      37—38
Conversation, moves of, support challenge      42—43
Discourse analysis, CD approach to      178—182
Discourse analysis, content space approach to      171—173
Discourse analysis, ethnomethodology and      173—176
Discourse analysis, FSF approach to      178—182
Discourse analysis, genre approach to      167—172
Discourse analysis, hierarchical approach to      182—186
Discourse analysis, speech act, world knowledge approach to      11—15 190 192—204
Discourse analysis, Tagmemic school of      176—178
Discourse grammar      51—66
Discourse grammar, and focused processing      156—158
Discourse grammar, and frame of reference identification      158—159
Discourse grammar, and point of reference      159—160
Discourse grammar, and speaker selection      108—109
Discourse grammar, ATN representation of      97 98 99
Discourse grammar, clue word in      157—158
Discourse grammar, context space and      187—188
Discourse grammar, deictic expressions in      160—161
Discourse grammar, explicit shift mechanisms in      157—158
Discourse grammar, formal logic and      161—163
Discourse grammar, hierarchical structuring of information in      156
Discourse grammar, program representation of      100
Discourse modeling      100—101
Discourse modeling, of resumptions      139—140
Discourse modeling, registers of      101—114
Discourse modeling, simulation of states accessed in      128—136
Discourse modeling, updating of      101—114
Discourse, analogies in      163—166
Discourse, constituents of      24—33
Discourse, content-dependent structure of      167—168
Discourse, content-independent structure of      169
Discourse, elements of      21—33
Discourse, ethnomethodology and      9—10
Discourse, expectations of      29—32 106—107
Discourse, formal logic and      161—163
Discourse, forms of      168
Discourse, genre of      9 167—173
Discourse, hierarchical structure of      23—24
Discourse, major features of      31—32
Discourse, maxims for      18
Discourse, need for theory of      3—19
Discourse, processing of      105—106
Discourse, spontaneous      3—8
Discourse, structure of      167—188
Discourse, theories of      8—18
Discourse, world knowledge and      11—12
Ethnomethodology, and discourse      9—10
Ethnomethodology, and discourse analysis      173—176
Focus level      29
Focus level, activation during      75—81
Focus level, reassignment rules of      82
Focus, and pronominalization      69—90
Focus, importance of      68—71
Focus, of attention      70
Frame of reference, and focused processing      156—158
Frame of reference, discourse deictics and      160
Frame of reference, discourse processing and      158—160
Frame of reference, point of reference and      159—160
Functional-sentence-erspective (FSP), approach      178—182
Grammar      see also “Discourse grammar”
Grammar, abstract process module of      91—117
Grammar, ATN model      91—97
Grammar, context space      91—117
Grammar, reference      73—74
Linguistic theory, argument for      192—195
Linguistic theory, context space and      189—204
Linguistic theory, Logic rules      37
Modus-Ponens, defined      37
Modus-Tollens, defined      37
Processing, focused      27—29
Processing, focused, discourse grammar and      156—158
Processing, focused, frames of reference and      156—158
Processing, focused, selective attention and      156—158 160—161
Pronominalization, focus and      67—90
Reference, and focus level assignments      74—90
Reference, context space theory of      71—90
Reference, grammar rules of      73—74 75—76 82
Register(s), in ATN model      91
Register(s), in ATN model, CCS      104
Register(s), in ATN model, discourse-mode      104
Register(s), in ATN model, domain-constraints      105
Register(s), in ATN model, expectation      102—103
Register(s), in ATN model, expectation-list      103—104
Register(s), in ATN model, future-defender      105
Register(s), in ATN model, head-CCS      104
Register(s), in ATN model, participant-list      105
Register(s), in ATN model, sides      105
Register(s), in ATN model, speaker      104
Register(s), in ATN model, type-further-challenge      104
State(s), in ATN model      91
Surface linguistic phenomena      67—90
Trace, in ATN model      93
Trace, of resumption of context space      136—139
Tracking the relevant discourse context      62—66 119—154
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