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Shafer G., Vovk V. — Probability and finance
Shafer G., Vovk V. — Probability and finance



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Название: Probability and finance

Авторы: Shafer G., Vovk V.

Аннотация:

Probability and Finance is essential reading for anyone who studies or uses probability. Mathematicians and statisticians will find in it a new framework for probability: game theory instead of measure theory. Philosophers will find a surprising synthesis of the objective and the subjective. Practitioners, especially in financial engineering, will learn new ways to understand and sometimes eliminate stochastic models.
The first half of the book explains a new mathematical and philosophical framework for probability, based on a sequential game between an idealized scientist and the world. Two very accessible introductory chapters, one presenting an overview of the new framework and one reviewing its historical context, are followed by a careful mathematical treatment of probability's classical limit theorems.
The second half of the book, on finance, illustrates the potential of the new framework. It proposes greater use of the market and less use of stochastic models in the pricing of financial derivatives, and it shows how purely game-theoretic probability can replace stochastic models in the efficient-market hypothesis.


Язык: en

Рубрика: Экономика и финансы/

Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц

ed2k: ed2k stats

Год издания: 2001

Количество страниц: 414

Добавлена в каталог: 09.12.2005

Операции: Положить на полку | Скопировать ссылку для форума | Скопировать ID
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Предметный указатель
Gambling system impossibility of      2
Game Blackwell      97
Game determined      96
Game market      20
Game of belief      19
Game of statistical regularity      19
Game probability      9 185
Game securities market      353
Game terminating      10
Game tree      96
Game upper forecasting      72
Game-theoretic differential equation for diffusion process      338
Game-theoretic differential equation for drift and volatility      336
Game-theoretic differential equation for volatility      336
GARCH model      230
Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777—1855) Gaussian distribution      143 165
Geometric Brownian motion      25 207
Girsanov, Igor V. (died 1967) Girsanov's theorem      235
Gnedenko, Boris (1912—1995) history of stable laws      311
Gnedenko, Boris (1912—1995) infinite divisibility      313
Godel, Kurt (1906—1978) Menger's seminar      197
Governed by, game-theoretic meaning      182 338
Greatest lower semicontinuous minorant      138
Hardy, Godfrey H. (1877—1947) strong law      119
Hausdorff, Felix (1868—1942) probability notation      41
Hausdorff, Felix (1868—1942) strong law      118
Heat equation      128 130 221
Hedging delta      221
Hedging dynamic      4
Hedging in the mean      24
Hedging upper and lower prices      13
Hedging vega      229
Hilbert, David (1862—1943) mathematical problems      35
Hilbert, David (1862—1943) philosophy of mathematics      45
Historic volatility      229
Holder's inequality      245
Holder, Ludwig Otto (1859—1937) Holder exponent      211
Holder, Ludwig Otto (1859—1937) Holder exponent in continuous time      274
Holtzmark distribution      312
Horizon finite or infinite      10
Horse races      359
Huygens, Christiaan (1629—1695) simplified Pascal's argument      31
Hyperreal number      272 284
Implied volatility      229
Impossibility of a gambling system      2
Impossibility practical      17
Independence      40
Indicator variable      15
Inequality Holder's      245
Inequality Jensen's      245
Infinitely divisible law      312
Infinitely large      284
Infinitesimal      284
Initial situation      66
integral      340
Interest rate nonzero      294
Interest rate zero      5
Internal measure      291
Internal object      290
Intrinsic move      322
Intrinsic strategy      322
Investor as Player I      4 217
Ionescu-Tulcea, Cassius (born 1923) Ionescu-Tulcea's theorem      181
Iowa Electronic Markets      71
Ito, Kiyosi (born 1915) Ito processes      206
Ito, Kiyosi (born 1915) lemma      232 340
Ito, Kiyosi (born 1915) photograph      231
Jensen's inequality      245
Joint hypothesis problem      228
Jordan, Camille (1838—1922) measure theory      36
Jumps in price processes      303
Kawada, Takayuki strong variation exponent      290
Kelvin William Thomson (1824—1907) statistical physics      35
Khinchin, Aleksandr (1894—1959) definition of stable law      311
Khinchin, Aleksandr (1894—1959) iterated logarithm      99 119
Khinchin, Aleksandr (1894—1959) Levy — Khinchin formula      312
Khinchin, Aleksandr (1894—1959) photograph      99
Klingenhofer, Frank pathwise stochastic integration      349
Kollektiv      46
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) axioms      40
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) counterexample to strong law      88
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) Grundbegriffe      39 45
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) infinitely divisible laws      312
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) iterated logarithm      99 119
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) Kolmogorov complexity      46 50
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) philosophy of probability      43
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) photograph      39 75
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) probability before      30
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) sixth axiom      41
Kolmogorov, Andrei N. (1903—1987) strong law      75
Kono, Norio (born 1940) strong variation exponent      290
Lacroix, Sylvestre Francois (1765—1843) gambling systems      49
Lacroix, Sylvestre Francois (1765—1843) martingales      51
Laplace, Pierre Simon      1749—1827
Laplace, Pierre Simon Gaussian distribution      165
Laplace, Pierre Simon heat equation      129
Laplace, Pierre Simon photograph      165
Laplace, Pierre Simon Theorie analytique des probabilites      33
Lateral boundary      136
Law of iterated expectation      185
Law of Large Numbers      33
Law of large numbers strong      66
Law of large numbers strong for a securities market      356
Law of large numbers weak      38
Law of large numbers weak for a securities market      364
Law of the iterated logarithm      38 99
Law of the iterated logarithm for a securities market      363
Law of the iterated logarithm fuzzy      364
Law of the iterated logarithm sharpness      100 102
Law of the iterated logarithm validity      100 102
LEAPS      252
Least supermarket majorant      331
Least superparabolic majorant      138
Lebesgue, Henri (1875—1941) Lebesgue $\sigma$-algebra      41
Lebesgue, Henri (1875—1941) Lebesgue set      41
Lebesgue, Henri (1875—1941) measure theory      36
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1646—1716) differentiation rule for integrals      129
Lepinglc, Dominique (born 1943) strong variation      290
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) abstract probability      38
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) Borel — Cantelli — Levy lemma      88
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) continuous Levy process      316
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) Cournot's bridge      44—45 60
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) dependent variables      54
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) formula      312
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) infinitely divisible laws      312
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) Levy measure      312
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) Levy process      313
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) Levy — Khinchin formula      312
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) Lindeberg's theorem      166
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) photograph      54
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) resistance to Kolmogorov's framework      42
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) revival of probability      35
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) stable laws      311
Levy, Paul (1886—1971) stable Levy process      315
LIFFE      264
Likelihood      192
Likelihood partial      192
Lindeberg, Jarl Waldemar (1876—1932) condition      153
Lindeberg, Jarl Waldemar (1876—1932) method of proof      131 165
Lindeberg, Jarl Waldemar (1876—1932) photograph      147
Lindeberg, Jarl Waldemar (1876—1932) protocol      148
Lindeberg, Jarl Waldemar (1876—1932) theorem      153
Lipschitzian function definition      244
Liptser, Robert S. (born 1936) Kolmogorov's strong law      84
Littlewood, John E. (1885—1977) strong law      119
Loeb, Peter A. (born 1937) Loeb measure      291
Log-Gaussian model      207
Log-likelihood      192
Log-likelihood partial      192
Log-Lipschitzian      260
Long-term options      252
Los, Jerzy (born 1920) ultraproduct      286
Lower boundary      136
Lower price      13 151
Lower probability      15
Lower semicontinuous smoothing      138
Lower variance      14 152
Lyapunov, Alexander(1857—1918) central limit theorem      162 165
Lyapunov, Alexander(1857—1918) condition      162
Mandelbrot, Benoit (born 1924) alternatives to the normal      208
Mandelbrot, Benoit (born 1924) observed variation spectra      253
Mandelbrot, Benoit (born 1924) photograph      207
Manipulation      226
Market as Player II      4 217
Market function      332
Market game      20
Market move      322
Market portfolio      355
Market price of risk      236
Market protocol      319
Market unit      352
Market Volatility Index (VIX)      230
Markov, Andrei A. (1856—1922) central limit theorem      165
Markov, Andrei A. (1856—1922) dependent variables      54
Markov, Andrei A. (1856—1922) revival of probability      35
Markowitz, Harry (born 1927) portfolio selection      199
Martin's theorem      76 88 94 96
Martin, Donald A. (born 1940) Blackwell games      97
Martin, Donald A. (born 1940) determinate games      96
Martin, Donald A. (born 1940) photograph      94
Martin-Lof, Per (born 1942) collectives      48
Martin-Lof, Per (born 1942) random sequences      50
Martingale      51
Martingale approximate      129
Martingale bounded forecasting      67
Martingale convergence theorem      81
Martingale gambling system      51
Martingale game-theoretic definition      53 91 188
Martingale measure-theoretic definition      55 170
Martingale scaled      174
Martingale strong law of large numbers      90
Martingale transformation      173
Martingale Ville's definition      52
Martingale witnessing      173
Material implication      79
Maxwell, James Clerk (1831—1879) statistical physics      35
Measurable      169
Measure internal      291
Measure Loeb      291
Measure nonstandard      291
Measure probability      41
Measure theory advent of      35
Measure theory equally likely cases      34
Measure theory foundation for probability      39
Measure zero      36
Measuring instruments ideal and of the first kind      190
Menger, Karl (1902—1985) seminar      197
Mercurio, Fabio discrete hedging      258
Merton, Robert C. (born 1944) Black-Scholes formula      215
Merton, Robert C. (born 1944) dynamic hedging      60
Merton, Robert C. (born 1944) photograph      293
Meyer, Paul-Andre (born 1934) change of time      306
Meyer, Paul-Andre (born 1934) general theory of stochastic processes      315
Mikosch, Thomas (born 1955) pathwise stochastic integration      349
Mill, John Stuart (1806—1873) probability frequency      34
Modulus of continuity      140
Montmort, Pierre de (1678—1719) used Fermat's and Pascal's methods      32
MOST      283
Mutual funds success over time      365
Mutual funds tracking      358
Natural numbers      283
Neuberger, Anthony (born 1951) remaining variance      349
Neutral forecasting strategy      178
Nonstandard analysis      26
Nonstandard function      273
Nonstandard function continuous      273 286
Nonstandard function relatively continuous      275 286
Nonstandard function strictly positive      275
Nonstandard measure      291
Nonstandard number      272
Norvaisa, Rimas (born 1956) pathwise stochastic integration      349
Number hyperreal      272 284
Number nonstandard      272
Numeraire      6
Open interest      371
Opening Market      353
Option      23
Option American      317
Option European      216
Option exotic      323
Option long-term      252
Option passive      322
Optional quadratic variation      340
Oracular prices      256
Osborne, M.F. Maury (born 1916) log-Gaussian model      207
p-variation      209 274
Papangelou, Fredos (born 1939) change of time      306
Parabolic equation      221
Parabolic function      138
Parabolic fundamental convergence theorem      139
Parabolic measure      136
Parabolic Poisson integral      138
Paris, Jeff (born 1941) determinate games      97
Partial log-likelihood      192
Pascal, Blaise (1623—1662) dynamic hedging      30 60
Pascal, Blaise (1623—1662) photograph      30
Passive financial instrument      322
Path      9 66 90 149 183
Path begin      66
Path for market protocol      319
Path go through situation      149
Path in game tree      96
Path unbounded forecasting      81
Payoff basic      110
Payoff market protocol      319
Payoff of martingale      110
Perfect set      98
Perfect trader option      323
Poincare, Henri (1854—1912) revival of probability      35
Poincare, Henri (1854—1912) three body problem      36
Poisson, Simeon-Denis (1781—1840) Poisson distribution      303
Poisson, Simeon-Denis (1781—1840) Poisson integral      142
Poisson, Simeon-Denis (1781—1840) protocol      304 306
Poisson, Simeon-Denis (1781—1840) subjective and objective probability      34
Polya, Georg (1887—1985) central limit theorem      165
Popper, Karl (1902—1994) collectives      47
Popper, Karl (1902—1994) propensities      22
Port Royal Logic      32
Portfolio arbitrage      355
Portfolio equivalent      355
Possibility      33
Potentiality      46
Practical certainty and impossibility game-theoretic meaning      17
Predictable      169
Predictable process      169
Predictable quadratic variation      340
Predictably unbounded forecasting protocol      102
Prequential principle      8 58
Price      14
Price almost sure      344
Price exact      14 151 184
Price in situation      151
Price lower      13 151 184
Price strong      328
Price upper      12 151 184
Price weak      328
Probability classical      33
Probability conditional      42
probability distribution      41
Probability distribution positive      178
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