The ultimate goal of neurosurgeons is to minimize injury to the nervous system through their interventions and to create the best conditions for recovery. The concept of minimal invasiveness has evolved throughout the history of neurosurgery, blossoming in the last two decades as a result of technological improvements in neurosurgical instrumentation. These advances have been applied across all neurosurgical subspecialties and are not specific to any type of pathology or anatomical area. This has produced a revolutionary shift in neurosurgical practice in the operating room. However, minimal invasiveness does not directly translate as "neurosurgery of minimal surgical trauma." The design of minimally invasive instrumentation has rapidly produced many new types of tools, requiring new basic and clinical knowledge combined at times with totally different surgical skills. Only after achieving these skills can neurosurgeons embark on the application of these new surgical procedures. This combination of scientific information and know-how, as in the whole science and art of neurosurgery, has to be obtained with the guidance of a mentor. Only in the hands of the knowledgeable, skilled, and experienced can the goal of minimal trauma through minimal invasiveness be achieved.