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| Dickey F.M., Holswade S.C. — Laser beam shaping. Theory and techniques |
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| Ïðåäìåòíûé óêàçàòåëü |
 (Beta) 23 26 98 123 126 129—130 135—138 279—280 284 289 300 308
(Beta), constraints for successful shaping 13 26 289
(Beta), defined 12 23 130
(Beta), dimensionless parameter 127
(Beta), effect on target spot quality 135—138 280
(Beta), uses 8
Anamorphic lenslets see "Lenslet"
Arc sources 298
Archimedes see "History"
Aspherical deformation coefficient 182 229
Aspherical surfaces 174 188
Aspherical surfaces of beam shaper 217
Aspherical surfaces of lens system 239
Aspherical surfaces, fabrication 233
Aspherical, piano- 186 187 191
Asymptotic approximation 126
Attenuation 380—387
Attenuation, beam pickoff 381—384
Attenuation, in-line 384—387
Attenuation, in-line, bulk absorbing 385—387
Attenuation, in-line, neutral density filters 385—387
Attenuation, in-line, reflecting surface 385
Attenuation, in-line, scattering surface 387
Averaging 276 282—284 304—305
Beam, analysis 11—12 see
Beam, attenuation see "Attenuation"
Beam, collimated 132—134
Beam, diameter 187 192 see width"
Beam, integration 128
Beam, integration, diffracting 276 278—281
Beam, integration, imaging 274 275 288—289 290—291
Beam, integration, non-imaging 274 275
Beam, integration, zoom 291
Beam, profile 349—420
Beam, profile, industrial applications of 360
Beam, profile, instruments for 355
Beam, profile, medical applications of 358
Beam, profile, scientific applications of 352
Beam, profile, significance of 350
Beam, profile, viewing see "Viewing beam profiles"
Beam, shaper, far field 253
Beam, shaper, near field 250
Beam, shaper, one-mirror 324—332
Beam, shaper, two-lens 227 239
Beam, shaper, two-mirror 203 208—209
Beam, shaping, categories 3
Beam, shaping, defined 1
Beam, shaping, diffractive theory of 98—117
Beam, shaping, geometrical, equations for 87—88
Beam, shaping, geometrical, numerical solutions 97
Beam, shaping, geometrical, radially symmetric systems 89
Beam, shaping, lossless see "Lossless"
Beam, single mode 120 see
Beam, truncation effects 139—140
Beam, waist 131 169 220
Beam, width 395—405 see diameter"
Beam, width, accuracy 396—398 400—405
Beam, width, accuracy, camera baseline offset 396—398
Beam, width, accuracy, noise 396—398 400—405
Beam, width, definitions 398—399
Beam, width, second moment 399—405
Bundle of rays 166 316
Camera-based instruments, cameras 373—380 see
Camera-based instruments, computers 372
Camera-based instruments, description 371—389
Camera-based instruments, frame grabbers 372
Camera-based instruments, software 373
cameras 373—380
Cameras, CCD 373—379
Cameras, CCD, frame transfer 378—379
Cameras, CCD, interline transfer 378—379
Cameras, CID 373—375
Cameras, cooled infrared 375
Cameras, infrared bolometer 375
Cameras, InGaAs 375
Cameras, lead sulfide 374
Cameras, pyroelectric vidicon 374
Cameras, pyroelectric, solid-state 374 379—380
Cameras, signal-to-noise ratio of 377—378
Categories, beam integration 3
Categories, field mapping 3
Categories, multi-faceted 3
Caustic surfaces 323 see
Caustics 58
Coherence 284—288
Coherence, mutual 285—288
Coherence, partial 285—288 298
Coherence, spatial 282 284—288 298 301
Collimated beam 200 203
Collimated light 320 322
Combinatorial minimization 221
Conic constant 174—175
Curvature, Gaussian 321 327 348
Curvature, mean 321 327 347
Curvature, normal 321 327 347
Curvature, principal 317
Curvature, principal, radii of 315 322—324 347
Curvature, radii of 321 343 347
Curvature, surface 175 229 345
Curvilinear coordinates 341
d-spacing 175
Detector 179
Differential arc-length 342
Differential equations 170—174 201-209
Differential equations, solution of 172—174
Differential geometry 341—348
Diffracting beam integrator see "Beam integration"
Diffraction 276 278—281
Diffractive evanescent order 257
Diffractive order 250
Diffractive theory see "Beam shaping"
Diffuser 249—271
Diffuser, applications 269—270
Diffuser, band limited 249
Diffuser, binary 260
Diffuser, example 260—264
Diffuser, fabrication 264—267
Discontinuities in stationary phase approximation 37 39
Discontinuities, effect on beam shaping 23—24 26 105
Discrete parameters 235
Eikonal equation 60—64 165
Element of area 317 330 343
Energy, balance 168—171 324 331 335
Energy, conservation of 163 184—189 203 217—218 316—319 329—335
Energy, density 166 172
Equation of surface 341
Errors, alignment 142—145
Errors, scaling 142—145
Fabrication 180 182 233
Fabrication of diffracting beam integrator, photolithographic 296—298
Fabrication of diffracting beam integrator, surface measurement 297—298
Fabrication of prototype laser beam shaper 193 197
Fabrication, GRIN 199
Fermats principle 54 68—70
Fiber injection see "Injection"
Fitting, accuracy of 182
Fitting, least squares 197
Fitting, process 174
Flux, density 315 323 330
Flux, flow equation 314—319 322—327
Fly's eye lens 128
Focal (imaging) points 323
Fourier, optics 73—74
Fourier, transform 122 125—126
Fourier, transform, lens 121—122 128 132
Frequencies, spatial 254
Fresnel, diffraction theory 70—82
Fresnel, lens, classes, or orders 5
Fresnel, lens, defined 4—5
Fresnel, lens, lighthouses 5
| Fresnel, number 77 279—281 289 300 308
Gaussian beam 120 125—126
Gaussian beam, circular 129
Gaussian beam, conversion of, to flat-top 93—95 107
Gaussian beam, conversion of, to polynomial 107—109
Gaussian beam, conversion of, to radial flattop 95 113
Gaussian beam, conversion of, to stairstep function 95—97 113
Gaussian beam, conversion of, to triangle function 109
Gaussian beam, Gaussian mode 169
Gaussian beam, resizing 14
Generalized ray trace equations 324
Genetic algorithms (GAs) 215—217 222—224
Genetic algorithms (GAs), macro 244—248
Genetic algorithms (GAs), micro-GA code 223
Genetic algorithms (GAs), optimization with 227—241
Genetic algorithms (GAs), parallelization of 222 224—227
Geometrical optics 54—70 127 163 165—168
Geometrical wavefront 165 167
Gradient-index (GRIN), axial 188—191
Gradient-index (GRIN), materials 221
Gradient-index (GRIN), using GRIN lenses 191—199 227 235—239
Grating 255—258
Grating, equation 257
Grating, vector 257
Hankel transforms 35
Hankel transforms and radially symmetric beam shaping 104—105
History of beam shaping 3—5
History of optics 3
History, Archimedes and the siege of Syracuse 3—4
Homogeneous wave equation see "Wave equation"
Illumination 333
Image processing 186
Imaging beam integrator see "Beam integration"
Index of refraction 167 191
Index of refraction, wavelength dependence of 181—182 184—185
Injection, fiber 299—309
Injection, lens 299 307
Intensity of beam 196—199 322
Intensity, distribution 177 196 199
Intensity, law 166
Intensity, profile 182—183 189 200—205
Intensity, profile, measuring 186—188
Interference 276 282—283 301 303
Irradiance 175 179 220 331 324—325
Irradiance, calculations 217 233 313 315—324
Irradiance, prescribed 333
Irradiance, profile 199 216 237—239 314 325
laser beam see "Beam"
Least squares technique 194 197
Lenslet, anamorphic 295
Lenslet, array 275 283 288—295 302 305
Lithography 265
Lithography, binary mask 265
Lithography, direct write 265
Lithography, gray scale mask 265
lossless 120—121 128
Lossless, versus lossy techniques 3
Magnification 178
Magnification, inverse 178 208
Magnification, radial 209
Magnification, rectangular 178 205
Measurement Methods 360—371
Measurement methods, electronic 363—371
Measurement methods, electronic, attenuation 363
Measurement methods, electronic, camera-based systems 371
Measurement methods, electronic, mechanical scanning instruments 365—371
Measurement methods, non-electronic 360—363
Measurement methods, non-electronic, acrylic mode burns 362
Measurement methods, non-electronic, burn paper 362
Measurement methods, non-electronic, fluorescing plates 362
Measurement methods, non-electronic, wooden tongue depressors 362
Measurement methods, quantitative see "Quantitative measurements"
Merit, beam integration 11 13
Merit, choosing 12—14
Merit, diffraction-based 8—9 13
Merit, diffusers 10—11 13
Merit, figures of see "Metrics"
Merit, function 215 221—224 228—231 236—239
Merit, geometric 9 13
Merit, Gerchberg — Saxton 14
Merit, irradiance mapping (non-laser) 11
Merit, measurement see "Measurement methods"
Merit, optimization-based 9 14
Merit, super-Gaussian 14
METHODS see also "Beam"
Metric coefficients 327 342
Metrics, absolute difference 5
Metrics, choosing 6
Metrics, minimum mean square error 5 122—124
Metrics, peak-to-average 300 303 309
Metrics, pitfalls 6—7
Minimum mean square error see "Metrics"
Mirror 320 322 325 333
Mirror, surface 201
Monotonic and non-monotonic schemes 2
Multi-faceted 273 274 276 282
Mutual intensity 285—287
Non-imaging beam integrator see "Beam integration"
Non-projective transformation 164 177 199 200 203
Optical design 163 168 172 180 191 216 222 224 241 324
Optical field 165
Optical path difference (OPD) 183—184 280
Optical path length (OPL) 163 171 178 187 203 207
Optical surfaces 174
Optics, sign convention 324
Optics, surface equation 174
Optimization 215—216 220—224 240
Parallel processing 231
Peak-to-average see "Metrics"
Phase 122
Phase, collimated and uncollimated output 1
Phase, conjugate 132—134
Phase, constrained vs. unconstrained 1
Phase, correction 131 132
Phase, element 120 122 135 145—146
Phase, function 127 131
Phase, Gaussian beam 131
Phase, positive and negative 130—131 140—141
Phase, uniform 131
Photo-radiometric calculations 314
Plane wave see "Wavefront"
Polar, coordinates 325 333
Polar, symmetry 200 208
Poynting vector 53
Profile see "Beam"
Projective transformation 176—177
Propagation vector see "Vector"
Quantitative measurements 393—419
Quantitative measurements,  411—415
Quantitative measurements, beam width 395—405
Quantitative measurements, centroid location 395
Quantitative measurements, divergence 408
Quantitative measurements, ellipticity 405—406
Quantitative measurements, Gaussian fit 406—407
Quantitative measurements, ISO standard 412—414
Quantitative measurements, pass/fail 411
Quantitative measurements, peak location 394
Quantitative measurements, peak power or energy 394
Quantitative measurements, power or energy 393—394
Quantitative measurements, signal processing 415—419
Quantitative measurements, statistics 408—411
Quantitative measurements, top hat 407—408
Quantitative measurements, wavefront phase 416—419
Radiant energy 166
Radiation 315
Ray 165 167
Ray, equation 168 188 335
Ray, path 170
Ray, reflected 317
Ray, trace equations 202 203 205 314 316 332
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