This book provides an overview of the recent advances in the genetics of respiratory control in health and disease. The objective of the book is to bring together top-level contributions on all aspects of the genetics of respiratory control. These include molecular aspects of respiratory neurodevelopment from embryonic to postnatal life, molecular biology of human respiratory control disorders, and interactions between genetics and plasticity in respiratory control. The book will also show how combined studies in humans and mouse models have helped to improve our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie genetically determined respiratory control disorders with the goal of developing new therapeutic interventions.