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Levy M. — Parabolic equation methods for electromagnetic wave propagation
Levy M. — Parabolic equation methods for electromagnetic wave propagation



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Название: Parabolic equation methods for electromagnetic wave propagation

Автор: Levy M.

Аннотация:

This is the first book to present the application of parabolic equation methods to electromagnetic wave propagation. These have become the dominant tool for assessing clear-air and terrain effects on radiowave propagation and are growing increasingly popular for solving scattering problems. Here, the mathematical background to parabolic equation modelling is given and simple parabolic equations are described before progressing to more advanced topics such as domain truncation, the treatment of impedance boundaries and the implementation of very fast hybrid methods combining ray-tracing and parabolic equation techniques. The last part of the book is devoted to scattering problems, with application to propagation in urban environments and to radar-cross-section computation


Язык: en

Рубрика: Физика/Электромагнетизм/

Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц

ed2k: ed2k stats

Год издания: 2000

Количество страниц: 336

Добавлена в каталог: 18.09.2005

Операции: Положить на полку | Скопировать ссылку для форума | Скопировать ID
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Предметный указатель
Absorbing layer      32 37 115 116
Airy equation      283
Airy equation and domain truncation      122
Airy equation and HPE      183
Airy equation and mode theory      73 76
Airy function      73 75 76 123 183 283 295
Airy function, asymptotic expansion      74 76 184 284 296 302 309
Airy function, zeros      123 284 296 302
Angular spectrum      12 17
Angular spectrum and HPE      184
Angular spectrum and Leontovich approximation      145
Angular spectrum, vertical      14 31 216
Atmospheric absorption      45 92
Axial symmetry PE      237 238 243 251
Beam pattern      40 61 134
Bilinear profiles      83
Bistatic RCS      201 229 230 232 233 280
Bistatic RCS, three-dimensional      293
Bistatic RCS, two-dimensional      291
Boundary conditions, air/ground      49 52
Boundary conditions, Dirichlet      24 210 217 229 230 232 251 253 316
Boundary conditions, impedance      218 294
Boundary conditions, Leontovich      141 145 270 278
Boundary conditions, Neumann      210 251
Boundary conditions, non-homogeneous      227
Boundary conditions, non-local      (see “Non-local”)
Claerbout      11 39 205
Conformal mapping for Earth flattening      53
Conformal mapping for irregular terrain      95 100
Crank — Nicolson      20 35 206—209 231 238
Debye formula      42 89 91
Diffraction by flat-topped obstacles      108
Diffraction by half-space screen      18
Diffraction by knife-edge      111
Diffraction by multiple knife-edges      95 104
Diffraction by spherical Earth      103
Discrete mixed Fourier transform      141 152 162
Discrete mixed Fourier transform and range-dependence      158
Discrete mixed Fourier transform and rough sea surface      166 171
Discrete mixed Fourier transform, stability of      153
DMFT      (see “Discrete mixed Fourier transform”)
Domain truncation      27 31 115 224
Domain truncation for axial symmetry PE      239
Duct, elevated      (see “Elevated duct”)
Duct, evaporation      (see “Evaporation duct”)
Duct, sloping      88 91
Duct, surface      (see “Surface duct”)
Earth flattening      34 42 53 71 103 142 193
Earth-space paths      192
Effective surface impedance      162 165
Eikonal equation      64
Elevated duct      88 114 134 195
Energy conservation      27 29 314
Energy conservation, three-dimensional      317
Energy conservation, two-dimensional      314
Evanescent wave      14 216
Evaporation duct      77—80 83 92 93 128
Excitation factor      70 72
Extended optics      177 193
Far-field      287
Far-field assumption      9
Far-field, three-dimensional      292
Far-field, two-dimensional      288
Fast Fourier Transform      15 28
Finite energy      25 26
Finite-difference methods      11 20 35 199
Finite-difference methods for impedance BC      149
Finite-difference methods, terrain modelling      102
Fourier methods      11 13 20 199
Fourier transform      13
Fourier transform in range      182
Fourier transform, discrete mixed      (see “Discrete mixed Fourier transform”)
Fourier transform, inverse      13
Fourier transform, mixed      141 150
Fourier transform, one-sided in range      120
Fresnel — Kirchhoff diffraction      17 104
Fresnel, integral      18 132 133
Fresnel, parameter      18 107
Fresnel, surface integral      104 107
Fresnel, zone plate      242—244 246
Generalized impedance      144
Geometrical optics      63 79
Geometrical theory of diffraction      67
Grazing angle and HPE      184
Grazing angle and rough sea surface      164
Grazing angle and RPO limiting ray      176
Grazing angle and shadowing      169
Grazing angle, estimation      171
Hankel function      9 17 240 287
Hankel function, asymptotic expansion      9 289
Height-gain function      70—72 76
High antenna      132
High antenna and hybrid methods      175
High antenna and surface duct      188
High antenna in linear medium      133
High antenna, HPE modelling      188
Hilbert — Schmidt operator      298 307 311
Horizontal PE method      175 179 188 193
HPE      (see “Horizontal PE method”)
Hybrid methods      175
Incoming energy term      131 221 223 241
Incoming energy term for varying terrain      140
Intensity law      65 66
Irregular terrain      95
Kirchhoff approximation      162 167
Laplace transform      120
Laplace transform and HPE      175 181
Laplace transform for axial symmetry PE      239 240
Leontovich      (see “Boundary conditions Leontovich”)
Linear medium and HPE      183
Linear medium and mode theory      300
Linear medium for auxiliary HPE solution      189
M-units      53
Maxwell’s equations      47 142 267 268
MLAYER      64 80
MLAYER and rough sea surface      172
Mode theory      63 69 79 80 83 294
Modified refractivity      53
N-units      43
Narrow-angle PE      11 37 106 201 206 207 211 229
Near-field/far-field      17 40 42 61 229
Near-field/far-field, three-dimensional      293
Near-field/far-field, two-dimensional      289
NLBC      (see “Non-local boundary condition”)
Non-local boundary condition      115 120 222 241
Non-local boundary condition for axial symmetry PE      252
Non-local boundary condition, diffractive      121 220
Non-local boundary condition, transmitting      131 189 221
Non-local boundary condition, wide-angle      218 22 224 225
Nyquist criterion      31 99
Nyquist criterion for HPE      184
Ocean wave spectrum      162 163
Optical path length      68 69
Oversea propagation      77
Pade approximant      11 202 204 205 207 211 216
Pade scheme      201 203 205 208 209 228 251 261
Pade scheme, consistency      203
Pade scheme, convergence      202
Pade scheme, stability      (see “Stability”)
Parabolic wave equation      7 143
Paraxial, approximation      8
Paraxial, cone      5 225 226
Paraxial, direction      4 201 226 228 260
Path loss      58
PE algorithms, finite-difference      35
PE algorithms, split-step/Fourier      20
Perfectly matched layer      115 118
Phase screen      20 22 245
Physical optics      279 280
Piecewise linear profiles and mode theory      73
Piecewise linear profiles and ray-tracing      67
Propagation factor      61
Propagation factor and ray-tracing      69
Pseudo-differential operator      6 202 203 215 250
Radio Physical Optics      175 176
Radio refractive index      42
Range dependence      23 85
Ray optics and RPO      176
Ray-tracing      64
Rayleigh roughness parameter      162 164 165
RCS      214 252 279
Recovery effect      160
Reflection coefficient and generalized impedance      148
Reflection coefficient and source modelling      62
Refractive index and ray-tracing      65
Refractive index, atmospheric      34
Refractivity      43
Resolvent      298 304 307 311
Rotating PE      201 225
Rough sea surface      162
Roughness reduction factor      167
RPO      (see “Radio Physical Optics”)
Scattering by buildings      260
Scattering by cylinders      230 272
Scattering by rough surface      257 265
Scattering by spheres      242 251 273
Scattering, three-dimensional      237
Scattering, two-dimensional      199
Sine transform and DMFT      158
Sine transform, continuous      25
Sine transform, discrete      28
Snell’s law      65
Sommerfeld radiation condition      24 25 71 115 294
Source modelling      20 40 61
Spe      (see “Standard PE”)
Specular reflection      162 164 168
Split-step incoming energy PE      136 138
Split-step sine transform      24 85
Split-step/Fourier      20 215
Square-root operator      202 203 208
Stability      203 204 208
Stability, unconditional      204—207 212
Staircase terrain modelling      96
Standard PE      10 21 268
Stratified medium and mode theory      69
Stratified medium and ray-tracing      65 66
Surface duct      83 88 188 194
Surface duct and rough sea surface      171
Surface duct, HPE example      186
Surface impedance      145
Surface impedance and mode theory      70
Surface wave      141 158
Trilinear profiles      83
Tropospheric propagation      42 58
Vector PE      267
Wave equation, cylindrical coordinates      9
Wave equation, D summary      57
Wave equation, three-dimensional      248
Wave equation, two-dimensional      5
Waveguide and discrete sine transform      27
Waveguide and mode theory      64 70
Wide-angle PE      11 32 201 206 207 211 212 215 216 218
X-ray optics      242
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