The state of knowledge in nuclear and radiochemistry is presented and applications are described in various fields in this work for researchers in chemistry, medicine, physics, mineralogy, and biology. Treatment avoids detailed derivations of equations. Coverage progresses from radioelements and isotopes, radioactive decay, chemical effects of nuclear reactions, and the chemistry of radionuclides, to applications of radionuclides in geo- and cosmochemistry, dating by nuclear methods, radionuclides in the geosphere and biosphere, and dosimetry and radiation protection. A wall chart, Karlsruhe "Chart of the Nuclides," is included. This second edition takes into account new results in the field since 1997.