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Leverenz H.W. — An introduction to luminescence of solids

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Название: An introduction to luminescence of solids

Автор: Leverenz H.W.

Аннотация:

This book is designed to provide an introductory and useful description of luminescent solids, particularly artificial (man-made) phosphors, in language comprehensible to science graduates. Much of the material is drawn from personal experience in synthesizing, studying, and applying luminescent solids since 1931, that is, during the recent era of intensive phosphor research which made possible such modern developments as electronic television, "fluorescent" lighting, radar, electron microscopy, and devices for seeing many otherwise invisible forme of energy. Although the book is intended for nonspecialists in luminescence, it is expected that it will be useful as a text in training future specialists and in aiding scientists who wish (a) to refresh and increase their knowledge of solid matter and its interactions with radiations and charged material particles, and (b) to use phosphors for detecting radiation and material particles.

Язык:

Рубрика: Физика/

Статус предметного указателя: Готов указатель с номерами страниц

ed2k: ed2k stats

Издание: 1st edition

Год издания: 1950

Количество страниц: 569

Добавлена в каталог: 20.08.2009

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Предметный указатель

"Acid" process      73 474—476
"Candoluminescence"      148 151
"Cold light"      139
"Dead voltage"      319 427
"Dead-voltage" layer      388
"Fluorescent" lamps      316 339 387 401 415—421
"Fluorescent" lamps, efficiency of      416 417
"Fluorescent" lamps, life of      418—421
"Fluorescent" lamps, luminance of      420
"Holes" in matter      32—34 37 41 94
"Noise"      153
"Radioluminescence"      148 150
"Thermoluminescence"      148 151
"White" colors      417 431 438—441 452
$(Ca:Sr)_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ :Bi      240
$(NH_{4})_{3}UO_{2}F_{5}$       265
$(Sr:Ca)SiO_{3}$ :Eu      411
$2CdO\cdot ZrO_{2}\cdot 3SiO_{2}$ :Mn      238
$2MgO\cdot CdO\cdot 2SiO_{2}$ :Mn      238
$2MgO\cdot CdO\cdot 2SiO_{2}$ :[Si]      238
$2ZnO\cdot ZrO_{2}\cdot 2SiO_{2}$ :Mn      238
$4BeO\cdot CdO\cdot 3SiO_{2}$ :Mn      238
$9CaO\cdot MgO\cdot 6Al_{2}O_{3}$ :Mn      265
$BaO\cdot SiO_{2}$ :Re      221
$B_{2}O_{3}$       118
$CaO\cdot Al_{2}O_{3}$ :Cr      238
$CaO\cdot Al_{2}O_{3}$ :Mn      238
$CaSiO_{2}$ :Mn      338
$CaSiO_{2}$ :Pb:Mn      256 340 417
$Ca_{2}P_{2}O_{7}$ :Dy      168 171 186 231 240 255 289 373 450 453
$Ca_{2}P_{2}O_{7}$ :Mn      289
$Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ :Bi      78 359
$Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ :Tl      346 418
$CdO\cdot Al_{2}O_{3}$ :Cr      238
$CdO\cdot Al_{2}O_{3}$ :Mn      238
$CdO\cdot Ga_{2}O_{3}$ :Cr      222
$CdO\cdot Ga_{2}O_{3}$ :Mn      238
$e^{-at}$ decay      see "Exponential decay"
$H_{2}O$       28 31 70 484—487
$H_{3}BO_{3}$ :(organic-dye)      251—254 391
$H_{3}BO_{3}$ :fluorescein      391
$H_{3}BO_{3}$ :terephthalic acid      253
$H_{3}BO_{3}$ :toluic acid      253 254
$K_{2}SO_{4}\cdot UO_{2}SO_{4}\cdot 2H_{2}O$       463
$Mg[Pt(CN)_{4}]$       395 396
$Mg_{2}GeO_{4}$ :Mn      167 185 228
$Mg_{2}GeO_{6}$ :Mn      110 147 185 186 228 229 411
$RaSO_{4}$       463
$SrAI_{2}O_{4}$ : $[AIF_{3}]$ :Mn      77 78 110
$SrO\cdot B_{2}O_{3}$ :Eu      109
$SrSiO_{3}$ :Eu      74 240 272 289 293 338 379
$SrSiO_{3}$ :Re      221
$Th(NO_{3})_{4}$       174 293
$ThO_{2}\cdot Al_{2}O_{3}\cdot 2SiO_{2}$ :Mn      238
$ThSiO_{4}$ :Cu      192
$ThSiO_{4}$ :Eu      185 186 192 193 240 338
$ThSiO_{4}$ :Ti      192 193 202 239 240
$ThSiO_{4}$ :[Si]      192 193 240 243
$t^{-n}$ decay      see "Power-law decay"
$UO_{3}\cdot xH_{2}O$       61
$ZnAl_{4}O_{7}$       255
$ZnO\cdot MgO\cdot 2SiO_{2}$ :[Si]      223
$ZrO_{2}\cdot ThO_{2}\cdot 2SiO_{2}$ :Ag      222
$\beta -Zn_{2}SiO_{4}$       85
$\beta -Zn_{2}SiO_{4}$ :Mn      68 72 73 139 186 194 221 232 238 239 290 291 327 354
$\beta -Zn_{2}SiO_{4}$ :[Si]      220—222
$\gamma -Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$ :Ce      74 378 402 417—419
2-Naphthol 3-6 disulphonic acid, $C_{10}H_{7}O_{4}NaS_{2}$       410
Ab, E.A.      187 191 194
Absorption bands      119—123 128—135
Absorption bands, "tail"      122 128—135
Absorption bands, activator      121 122 128—135 141
Absorption bands, host-crystal      122 123 128—135 141 142
Absorption bands, induced      146—148 298 310—312
Absorption bands, long-wave edge of      120 128
Absorption bands, temperature variation      219
Absorption coefficient      154 160
Absorption edge      161—165
Absorption of primary energy      130
Absorption of radiation      78 90
Absorption spectra      161—170 341
Absorption spectra, temperature variation      161 164
Absorption, effect on efficiency      314 315 321
Absorption, selective      146—148 337 377 380 411 412 439 440
Accuracy of radiometric and photometric data      315
Acetone, $CH_{3}COCH_{3}$       61
Acoustic modes      113—115
Acriflavine, $C_{14}H_{14}N_{3}Cl$       61
Activation energy      23 101
Activation energy, thermal      252 267 269—271
Activator      64—79 89—103 364 365 374 375
Activator action      239—241
Activator center      96 97 99-102 132—135
Activator concept      191 192
Activator proportions      64—68 77—79 330 358 359 375
Activator proportions, effect on efficiency      141
Activator proportions, optimum      336 337
Activator, anionic      100
Activator, cationic      89
Activator, formed by transmutation      78
Activator, induced      67 68
Activator, initial composition      89
Activator, molecular group      98
Activator, multiple functioning of      300 336—343
Activator, multivalent      77 100
Activator, radical      98 100
Activator, valence states of      338
Activators, cooperating      339—342
Activators, single      337 338
Activators, two or more      338—343
Additive colors      411 416 417 438 452 453
Afterglow      61 147—161
Al salt of 8-hydroxyquinoline      409 410
Alkali process      473 474
Alpha particle      11
Aluminized screens      75 350 354 357 423 433 438 444 448 451 461 471
Amplitude of nuclear vibration      29 38
Anion      13 89 91
Application of phosphors      381—389 415 416
Area contrast      447
Atmosphere during crystallization      48 62 64—68 71—74 90 200 201 214—217 223 228 235 236 276 338 411 476
Atomic configurations in centers      96—98 104
Atomic dislocations      50—54
Atomic models      3 484—487
Atomic nuclei      10—12
Atomic number      10
Atomic polarization      156 193 232 375 380 392
Atomic Radii      13 486 487
Atomic readjustment      132—134
Atomic vibration modes, acoustical      140 142 143 144
Atomic vibration modes, optical      143 144
Atomic vibrations, effect on spectra      109 110
Atomic vibrations, frequency of, in solids      101
Atomic weight      12
atoms      12—21 26
Atoms, densities of      13
Atoms, sizes of      13 15
Atoms, transition-group      111
Attempt frequency      177 269 270
Ausleuchtung      148
Auxiliary activator      274
Avogadro's number      13
Band emission      338
Band overlap      122 123
Band spectra      409—411
Band theory of solids      35—39 54—58
Band versus bond picture      38 39 119 120
BaO: $SiO_{2}$ :Pb      168 239 401 417
Bardeen, J.      115
Barnett, C.E.      409

Barrier layer      458
Base material      64
Benzene, $C_{6}H_{6}$       61 252
Bergmann, L.      129
Berton, A.      280
Bethe, H.A.      158
BI phosphor      308
Binders      387 388
Binding energy      486
Bioluminescence      148 172
Birefringence      155 160
Black body      137 138
Bleaching of tenebrescence      147 310—312
Blende      65
Boltzmann factor      33
Boltzmann's constant      31 142
Bond, covalent      24 51—53 484—487
Bond, determination of type      26 118 119
Bond, directed      27 28
Bond, electron-pair      24 51—53
Bond, heteropolar      22 51—53
Bond, homopolar      24 51—53
Bond, ionic      22 51—53 484—487
Bond, theory      22—28 38 39
Born, M.      93
Bose, H.N.      250
brackets [ ]      65 99
Bragg relation      113
Brauer, P.      139
Bremsstrahlung      156 158
Bright burn      388 448 449
Brightness      see "Luminance"
Bube, R.H.      177 263 266—268
Building atoms      12—20
Buildup      150 458
Butler, K.H.      227
Ca salt of 8-hydroxyquinoline      409 410
Carbonate process      69 73
Carry-over      447 458
Cascade luminescence      256 338—340 411 412 452—459 470
Cathode rays (electrons), heating by      82 83 219 311 451 452 460
Cathode rays (electrons), penetration of      90
Cathode rays (electrons), sources of      62 63 415 427
Cathode-ray tubes      427—462
Cathodoluminescence      148 464—466
Cathodoluminescence efficiency      317—320 322—334 349—361 367 378 383 384 400 420 427 428 430 439 447 464
Cathodoluminescence efficiency, maximum      359 367
Cathodoluminescence efficiency, reference standards for      195
Cathodoluminescence, versus current density      358 440 447 454 461 462
Cathodoluminescence, versus voltage      356 439—447
Cathodophosphorescence      147 255 261—269 280 290—292
Cation      13 89 91
CdO: $B_{2}O_{3}$ :Mn      147 168 175 233 234 256 335 345 346 359 417 453 460 468
Center      67 99—102 131—135
Center, ionized      134
Center, sensitizer      341
Chalk, luminescent      412 413
Characteristic frequency      21 110 154 423
Chemical elements      12 16—20
Chemical elements, transition      20
Chemical equations      60 70
Chemical reactions      22—27 59 60
Chemical reactions, solid-state      48—50 60 64—75
Chemiluminescence      22 148 152 172
Chinolin      248
Close packing of spheres      40 41
Coating density      412 413 415 421 424—426 439 443—448 462 463 465—468
Cobalt, effect on crystal transition      84
Code numbers of CRT screens      428—431
Coehn's law      172
Collins, G.B.      250
Collisions of the first kind      30
Collisions of the second kind      130 247
colon (:)      64 76
Color television      452 453 466
Color, of activator compounds      99
Color, of copper sulphate      70
Complementarity      4
Conducting transparent coatings on glass      471
Conduction band      54—56 114 122 133 282—285
Conductor crystal      36
Configurational coordinate      103 131—135 144
Configurational-coordinate diagram      182 186 258—260 283
Configurations of atoms in solids      52
Conjugated double bonds      250 251 409 410
Conservation laws      5
Conservation, of energy      5 125
Conservation, of momentum      5 112—116 125
Constitutions of solids      103
Contact electrification      172
contrast      408 435 446 447 454
Contrast expansion      470
Conventional luminescence      105 149 150 482 483
Coolidge, W.D.      321
Cooling rate      72 73 215—217 237 238 280
Coordination number      40
Cosine law of radiation      433 434
Covalent bonds      24 51—53 484
CR oscilloscopes      428 429
Crayon, luminescent      413
Critical flicker frequency      453
Crystal violet, $[(CH_{3})_{2}NC_{6}H_{4}]_{3}COH$       252
Crystalline transitions      48 49 65 66 68 80
Crystallinity      34
Crystallinity, effect on phosphor efficiency      84—88 322—333 347
Crystallization of phosphors      69—75 476
Crystallization temperature      215—217 236—238 347
Crystallization temperature, effect on efficiency      324—332
Crystallization time, effect on efficiency      329
Crystallographic systems      42—44
Crystalloluminescence      151
Crystals      34 485—487
Crystals, activity of      42 43
Crystals, aggregation of      81 82
Crystals, anisotropy of      42—45 101
Crystals, charge on      44 81 171 172
Crystals, cohesion      81 82
Crystals, growth of      34 47—50
Crystals, ionic      26 35—39 51—53 70 83 95—97 143 144 486 487
Crystals, ionic, versus nonionic      51 486 487
Crystals, lattice of      41
Crystals, metastable      85 96
Crystals, models of      484—487
Crystals, polarization of      392
Crystals, semiionic      25 26 28 39 51—53 83 95—97 486 487
Crystals, shapes of      82 83 486 487
Crystals, sizes of      48—50 63 71 81—83 90 486 487
Crystals, sizes of, optimum      434 435
Crystals, structure of      40—47 485—487
Crystals, structure of, determination      63
Crystals, symmetry of      85—88 107—109
Crystals, transitions in      84—88
cub.(hex.)-(Zn:Cd)(S:Se)      87 165 166 212
cub.(hex.)-(Zn:Cd)(S:Se):Ag      355 378 438
cub.(hex.)-(Zn:Cd)(S:Se):Cu      355 378
cub.- $BaF_{2}$ :Sm      107
cub.- $BaTiO_{3}$       312
cub.- $CaF_{2}$       46 141 312 477—479
cub.- $CaF_{2}$ :Sm      107 108
cub.- $CeO_{2}$ :Sm      107
cub.- $Cu_{2}Cl_{2}$       175
cub.- $Cu_{2}O$ :[Cu]      74
cub.- $Cu_{2}S$       118
cub.- $EuF_{3}$ :Bi      107
cub.- $FeS_{2}$       141
cub.- $Li_{2}O$       118
cub.- $MgAl_{2}O_{4}$ :Cr      238
cub.- $MgAl_{2}O_{4}$ :Mn      110 228 238
cub.- $Mg_{2}TiO_{4}$ :Cr      110 186
cub.- $Mg_{2}TiO_{4}$ :Mn      72 110 165 186 228 265 268

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