The 2nd international conference on Carbon for Energy Storage and Environmental Protection, CESEP’07 was held in Cracow, Poland, 2–7 September, 2007. The first one has been initiated and organized by the French Carbon Group in 2005 in Orleans, France.

The conference provided an excellent platform for the scientists, some of the word’s experts, engineers and technologists on scientific and technological aspects of carbon materials related to energy storage and environmental protection to impart their views and present their latest research findings. Biological and medical aspects of new forms of carbon were presented as well. Thus, the theme of this conference was clearly useful to scientists and technologists alike, to further the use and development of carbon. The topics will be continued far during the third conference CESEP’09, which, in turn will be organized by the Spanish Carbon Group in 2009 in Oviedo, Spain.

All the papers in the Special Issue have been subjected to additional review to satisfy the criteria of Energy Conversion and Management. This Special Issue is made possible by the authors and the efforts of the reviewers and Guest Editors. The quality level of the publications is a direct function of their opinions. On behalf of the organizing committee, we acknowledge with appreciation their contribution.