The book focuses on exploratory data analysis, learning of latent structures in datasets, and unscrambling of knowledge. It covers a broad range of methods from multivariate statistics, clustering and classification, visualization and scaling as well as from data and time series analysis. It provides new approaches for information retrieval and data mining. Furthermore, the book reports challenging applications in marketing and management science, banking and finance, bio- and health sciences, linguistics and text analysis, statistical musicology and sound classification, as well as archaeology. Special emphasis is put on interdisciplinary research and the interaction between theory and practice.