Working scientifically
CHAPTER 1 Working scientifically 2
1.1 Questioning and predicting 4
1.2 Planning investigations 8
1.3 Conducting investigations 14
1.4 Processing data and information 17
1.5 Analysing data and information 24
1.6 Problem solving 32
1.7 Communicating 36
Chapter 1 Review 43
Module 5 Advanced
mechanics
CHAPTER 2 Projectile motion 49
How can models that are used to explain projectile
motion be used to analyse and make predictions?
2.1 Projectiles launched horizontally 50
2.2 Projectiles launched obliquely 57
Chapter 2 Review 63
CHAPTER 3 Circular motion 67
Why do objects move in circles?
3.1 Circular motion 68
3.2 Circular motion on banked tracks 78
3.3 Work and energy 86
3.4 Torque 94
Chapter 3 Review 103
CHAPTER 4 Motion in gravitational fields 105
How does the force of gravity determine the motion of
planets and satellites?
4.1 Gravity 106
4.2 Satellite motion 115
4.3 Gravitational potential energy 126
Chapter 4 Review 135
Module 5 Review 137
Module 6 Electromagnetism
CHAPTER 5 Charged particles, conductors, and
electric and magnetic fields 145
What happens to stationary and moving charged particles
when they interact with an electric or magnetic field?
5.1 Particles in electric fields 146
5.2 Particles in magnetic fields 157
Chapter 5 Review 164
CHAPTER 6 The motor effect 167
Under what circumstances is a force produced on a
current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field?
6.1 Force on a conductor 168
6.2 Forces between conductors 176
Chapter 6 Review 181
CHAPTER 7 Electromagnetic induction 183
How are electric and magnetic fields related?
7.1 Magnetic flux 184
7.2 Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws 189
7.3 Transformers 201
Chapter 7 Review 209
CHAPTER 8 Applications of the motor effect 213
How has the knowledge about the motor effect been
applied to technological advances?
8.1 Motors 214
8.2 Generators 222
Chapter 8 Review 229
Module 6 Review 231
Module 7 The nature of light
CHAPTER 9 Electromagnetic spectrum 239
What is light?
9.1 Electromagnetism 240
9.2 Spectroscopy 249
CHAPTER 10 Light: wave model 263
What evidence supports the classical wave model of light
and what predictions can be made using this model?
10.1 Diffraction and interference 264
10.2 Polarisation 274
Chapter 10 Review 278
CHAPTER 11 Light: quantum model 281
What evidence supports the particle model of light
and what are the implications of this evidence for the
development of the quantum model of light?
11.1 Black-body radiation 282
11.2 The photoelectric effect 290
Chapter 11 Review 297
CHAPTER 12 Light and special relativity 299
How does the behaviour of light affect concepts of time,
space and matter?
12.1 Einstein’s postulates 300
12.2 Evidence for special relativity 309
12.3 Momentum and energy 322
Chapter 12 Review 331
Module 7 Review 334
Module 8 From the universe
to the atom
CHAPTER 13 Origins of the elements 341
What evidence is there for the origins of the elements?
13.1 The big bang 342
13.2 The life cycle of a star 355
13.3 The life and death of stars 362
Chapter 13 Review 373
CHAPTER 14 Structure of the atom 375
How is it known that atoms are made up of protons,
neutrons and electrons?
14.1 The electron 376
14.2 Nuclear model of the atom 383
Chapter 14 Review 388
CHAPTER 15 Quantum mechanical nature
of the atom 391
How is it known that classical physics cannot explain the
properties of the atom?
15.1 Bohr model 392
15.2 Quantum model of the atom 404
Chapter 15 Review 414
CHAPTER 16 Properties of the nucleus 415
How can the energy of the atomic nucleus be harnessed?
16.1 Radioactive decay 416
16.2 Half-life 428
16.3 Nuclear fission and fusion 434
16.4 Energy from nuclear reactions 440
Chapter 16 Review 445
CHAPTER 17 Deep inside the atom 447
How is it known that human understanding of matter is
still incomplete?
17.1 The Standard Model 448
17.2 Evidence for the Standard Model 458
Chapter 17 Review 472
Module 8 Review 473