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Название: Negotiating Male Gender Identity in U.S. Fiction
Авторы: Cenamor R. (ed.), Brandt S.L. (ed.)
Аннотация:
At first glance, ecocriticism and masculinity seem to be irreconcilable opposites. How can a focus on the maintenance and protection of our environment go together with a concept that, historically speaking, epitomizes the destruction of natural resources and the conquest and penetration of wild, untamed spaces? The subdiscipline of ecofeminism, which has emerged since the mid-1970s (see D’Eaubonne 1974), has convincingly underlined this seeming incompatibility. From the ecofeminist perspective, women and nature seem closely connected, in terms of the degree of exploitation to which both are exposed in Western cultural practice. Most importantly, women and nature share a history of oppression by patriarchal systems (see Caldecott and Leland 1983; Plant 1989; Diamond and Orenstein 1990). A major work in establishing ecofeminism’s goals, as well as in formulating the field’s mission statement, is Gaard’s Ecofeminism: Women, Animals, Nature (1993). In this groundbreaking study, Gaard elucidates how ecofeminism calls for an end to all oppressions, arguing that no attempt to liberate women (or any other oppressed group) can be successful without equal efforts to liberate nature. The works that followed Gaard’s Ecofeminism continued to discuss how men have figured as obstacles for the development and freedom of both women and nature.