This volume of the series Advances in Quantum-Many-Body Theories contains the lecture notes of the second European summer school on Microscopic Quantum Many-Body Theories and their Applications, which was hosted during the time of Sept. 3- Sept. 14 by the Abdus Salam Center for Theoretical Physics in Miramare, Trieste (Italy). The aim of this school was to introduce a selected group of graduate students and young postdoctoral researchers to the dominant and most successful techniques of modern microscopic many-body theory. This summer school is the
sequel of a preceding one that was held in September 1997 at the Universidad Internacional Menendez Pelayo (UIMP) in Valencia.