CMOS IC technology is widely used today throughout industry and is the main
technology for digital integrated circuits. In the last decade, the use of wireless techniques
for transmission of data (mostly in digital form) has skyrocketed. Major
progress has been made in integrating the rich variety of digital signal processors
with RF and wireless circuitry so that single-chip solutions to wireless digital transmission
can be achieved (the so-called “single-chip radio”). Already, a wide variety
of wireless devices based on 802.11x, Bluetooth, WiMAX, or ZigBee standards, to
name just a few, have been fabricated in CMOS technology. In addition to the
numerous PCS applications, RFID and wireless sensors are being actively explored
with CMOS being the preferred technology for both baseband and RF circuitry