In a biocybernetic sense, orientation is a regulatory system of adaptive
value. Motivation, then, is the releaser, and the identification and localization
of the goal are merely intermediate phases of the continuous circle.
The regulatory system includes both innate and learned components, that
is, "close" and "open" programs.
In primary orientation, successful orientation necessitates information
about the relative position of the limbs and the state of tension of all muscles.
The adjustment of the nominal value (Sollwert) of the regulatory
system to changing external (climate, season, time of day, etc.) and internal
(age, hormonal situation, social stress, etc.) conditions is subject to the
same parameters that may serve as the releaser of the orientation process.