This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Symposium "Computational Modeling of Objects Represented in Images. Fundamentals, Methods and Applications'', CompIMAGE 2010, held in Buffalo, NY, in May 2010. The 28 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 77 submissions. They are organized in topical sections on theoretical foundations of image analysis and processing; methods and applications on medical imaging, bioimaging, biometrics, and imaging in material sciences, as well as methods and applications on image reconstruction, computed tomography, and other applications.