Electroporation Protocols for Microorganisms is the first complete guide to the electroporation of nearly all microorganisms of importance used in biological and biomedical research. It includes reproducible protocols for diverse bacterial, fungal, and protist species-many of which are important in human disease-as well as literature references to electroporation protocols for related species. The contributors also discuss electroporation theory and instrumentation, making it possible to develop new protocols or modify existing ones, and they provide extensive details about culturing and storing many species in a manner designed to optimize electroporation efficiency. Electroporation Protocols for Microorganisms is an indispensable resource for molecular geneticists working directly with microorganisms and for those who employ microorganisms to prepare materials for later introduction into higher organisms, such as plants and animals. Two companion volumes will follow: Plant Cell Electroporation and Electrofusion Protocols and Animal Cell Electroporation and Electrofusion Protocols.