This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First Joint International Workshop on Statistical Atlases and Computational Models of the Heart and Cardiac Electrophysiological Simulation Challenge, STACOM-CESC 2010, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2010, in Beijing, China, in September 2010. The 27 revised full papers presented together with 3 keynote presentations were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on methods and infrastructure for atlas construction, structure and flow, mechanics and motion, electrophysiology and electrical activation, and computational electrophysiological simulation challenge