This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, ICCBR-95, held in Sesimbra, Portugal, in October 1995. The 52 revised papers included are classified as scientific papers , application papers , and posters . All current aspects of research and development aiming at industrial applications in CBR are addressed. Among the topical sections are case and knowledge representation, case retrieval, nearest neighbour methods, case adaption and learning, cognitive modelling, integrated reasoning methods, and application-oriented methods: planning, decision making, diagnosis, interpretation, design, etc.