This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Colloquium on Theoretical Aspects of Computing, ICTAC 2010 held in Natal, Brazil, in September 2010. The 23 revised full papers presented with 2 invited papers and the abstract of 1 invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 68 submissions. The papers address all theoretical aspects and methodological issues of computing and are organized in topical sections on grammars, semantics, modelling, the special track on formal aspects of software testing and grand challenge in verified software, on logics, as well as algorithms and types.