This book brings together current advances in embryonic, adult, neural, hematopoietic, mesenchymal and pancreatic stem cell functions. The chapters are authored by top-notch scientists in specialized areas of stem cell biology. Topics of the book focus on: Improved characterization of stem cells, Genomic alterations in stem cells during aging, Differential gene expression profiling during Quiescence, Self renewal and Differentiation, Stem Cell Transcriptomics and Proteomics, Regulatory feed back loops by stem cell transcription factors and post-transcriptional controls, Molecular Signaling Cross-talks in Stem cells, Transcriptional logics behind Nuclear Reprogramming, Clinical perspectives of Emerging Stem cell specific novel small RNAs (Piwi RNAs and MiRNAs), Epigenetic regulation and stem cell specification, and Stem cell niche and its functional significance in therapeutic interventions. The book will be an invaluable resource for researchers, scientists, and clinicians in the rapidly progressing field of stem cells and regenerative medicine.