This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence, AICI 2009, held in Shanghai, China, on November 7-8, 2009. The 79 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 1203 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on support vector machine, rough set theory, particle swarm optimization, neural computation, intelligent agents and systems, information security, immune computation, genetic algorithms, fuzzy computation, biological computing, applications of computational intelligence, ant colony algorithm, robotics, pattern recognition, neural networks, natural language processing, machine vision, machine learning, logic reasoning and theorem-proving, knowledge representation and acquisition, intelligent signal processing, intelligent scheduling, intelligent information retrieval, intelligent information fusion, intelligent image processing, heuristic searching methods, fuzzy logic and soft computing, distributed AI and agents, data mining and knowledge discovering, applications of artificial intelligence, and others.