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Perina J., Hradil Z., Jurco B. — Quantum optics and fundamentals of physics
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Название: Quantum optics and fundamentals of physicsАвторы: Perina J., Hradil Z., Jurco B.Аннотация: This book deals with the contemporary development of quantum theory from the point of view of quantum optics. The fundamentals of quantum theory are presented, with particular attention being given to the quantum theory of measurement. General coherent states are adopted as the most important theoretical tool for the description of the interaction of optical fields with matter. Quantum theory predicts various nonclassical phenomena, such as squeezing of vacuum fluctuations, photon antibunching, sub-Poisson photon statistics, collapses and revivals of atomic motion, etc. These quantum effects can be observed, together with violation of various classical and Bell's inequalities, using photon interference and correlation techniques. This is demonstrated by experiments involving single-photon and two-photon interferences, squeezed and sub-Poisson light and twin photons produced by frequency down conversion. All these results are in agreement with quantum theory and they confirm the wave — particle duality of a photon and the `nonlocal' features of quantum theory. For research workers in quantum mechanics, quantum theory, quantum optics and electronics, optical communications, optoelectronics, photonics and nonlinear optics, optical processing and computing.
Язык: Рубрика: Физика /Статус предметного указателя: Указатель в процессе заполнения ed2k: ed2k stats Год издания: 1994Количество страниц: 350Добавлена в каталог: 16.11.2014Операции: Положить на полку |
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Algebra 135 Algebra, oscillator 135 Algebra, Weyl — Heisenberg 135 Amplitude-squared squeezing 160 Anharmonic oscillations 151 Anharmonic oscillator 234 235 Anholonomy 96 Annihilation operator 22 26 150 Annihilation operator of level 150 Annihilation operator of photon 150 Annihilation operator, Fermi — Dirac 207 Antibunching of photons 156 161 162 277 Antibunching of photons in resonance fluorescence 277 Anticommutator 158 159 Anticorrelation 261 Atom-field frequency detuning 188 Atomic coherent states 136 192 Atomic dipole momentum operator 187 Back-action-evading amplifier 109 Back-action-evading measurement 103 108 274 Baker — hausdorff identity 121 Bargmann representation 123 124 Beam 199 Beam, cross-spectrally pure 200 Beam, partially coherent 199 Beam, splitter 212 261 Beam, twin 232 233 Beats 207 Beats in fourth-order pattern 207 Behaviour 218 Behaviour, complementary of classical and quantum fields 299 Behaviour, particle-like 218 221 Behaviour, wave-like 218 221 Bell's inequalities 238 242 243 245 246 252 259 Bell's inequalities, modified 250 Bell's inequalities, violation of 242 250 252 259 Bernoulli distribution 40 Berry phase 96 Berry — Pancharatnam phase 96 222 306 Berry — Pancharatnam phase, topological 306 Bloch state 138 192 Bohm — Aharonov effect 95 Bose gas 25 Bose — Einstein distribution 41 Bunching of photons 161 Burgess variance theorem 41 Canonical commutation relation 21 Canonical quantization 20 21 Casimir operator 85 86 91 Cavity quantum electrodynamics 187 Cavity quantum optics 187 Cell of quantum phase space 198 Change of photon statistics 153 Change of photon statistics by nonlinear dynamics 153 Change of photon statistics in initial state 153 Chaotic light 161 162 205 Chaotic light from natural sources 161 Chaotic state 211 Characteristic equation 159 Characteristic function 39 45 78 128 129 178 Characteristic function for phase-conjugated beam 193 Characteristic function, antinormal 128 151 165 Characteristic function, connecting relations for 131 Characteristic function, Fourier transform of 178 Characteristic function, normal 128 144 152 166 Characteristic function, symmetric 128 Characteristic subspace 46 Classical device 59 Classical limit 173 Classical limit of strong fields 173 Classical-quantum correspondence 32 Clauser — Horne inequality 251 Clauser — Horne — Shimony — Holt inequality 249 Coherence 200 Coherence area 205 206 Coherence matrix 42 Coherence time 200 204 206 Coherence volume 198 205 206 Coherence, 2N-th order 210 Coherence, complete 210 Coherence, spatial 200 205 Coherence, temporal 200 205 Coherent state 32 116 123 157 210 Coherent state as eigenstates 122 Coherent state of harmonic oscillator 120 Coherent state, associated with Lie groups 118 Coherent state, atomic 136 Coherent state, basic properties of 120 Coherent state, canonical 120 140 Coherent state, even 122 Coherent state, odd 122 Coherent state, scalar product of 122 Coherent state, spin 136 Coherent state, two-photon 134 Coherent system 9 Coherent-state technique 149 Coherent-state technique, two-photon 151 Coincidence device 203 Collapse and revival 156 279 Collapse and revival of atomic oscillations 279 Collapse and revival of atomic population 156 188 Collapse and revival of probability 189 Collective operator 192 Commutation relation 22 28—30 Commutation relation of Heisenberg — Weyl algebra 121 Commutation relation, canonical 120 Complementarity 172 221 Complementarity of one-particle and two-particle visibilities 203 Complementarity, principle 173 197 216 Completeness 119 244 Completeness of coherent states 119 Continuous detection 71 Contractive state 104 Contravariant symbol 117 Control 195 Control of quantum statistics 195 Cooperative effects 192 Corpuscular properties 216 Correlated coherent state 159 Correlated photon pairs 253 Correlated photon pairs, state reduction for 253 Correlation function 30 Correlation function of stationary field 34 Correlation function, (m + n)-th order 31 Correlation function, analytic properties of 35 Correlation function, antinormal 32 Correlation function, even-order 38 Correlation function, factorization condition of 32 200 210 211 Correlation function, fourth-order 275 Correlation function, inequalities for 36 Correlation function, normal 31 Correlation function, odd-order 38 Correlation function, positive definiteness of 36 37 Correlation function, properties of 30 Correlation function, quantum 30 Correlation function, spectral 35 Correlation function, spectral properties of 33 Correlation function, wave equation for 35 Correlation interferometer 206 Correlation matrix 42 Correlation measurement 206 251 Correlation measurement, quantum 251 Correlations 186 Correlations of fluctuations 205 Correlations of intensities 204 207 Correlations of photoelectrons 205 Correlations, quantum 186 Correlations, signal-pump 186 Correlations, signal-signal 186 Correlator 203 Correspondence principle 259 Coulomb gauge 29 Counting rate 211 Counting rate, joint 211 Coupling of modes 153 Covariant symbol 117 Creation operator 22 26 150 Creation operator of level 150 Creation operator of photon 150 Crescent state 174 177 183 Cross-spectral purity 205 Cumulant 40 Cyclic vector 48 Damping constant 142 De Broglie guided wave 173 De Broglie guided-wave theory 300 De Broglie guided-wave theory for photons 300 Decay rate 191 Decoherence effects 257 Decomposition 63 Decomposition of identity operator 63 Degeneracy parameter 42 204 Degenerate subharmonic generation 165 Degenerate subharmonic generation with classical pumping 165 Degree of coherence 162 177 Degree of coherence, fourth-order 162 Degree of coherence, phase of 199 Degree of coherence, second-order 162 199 Degree of coherence, spectral 200 Degree of freedom 205 Degree of freedom, polarization 205 Degree of freedom, spatial 205 Degree of polarization 42 205 Delayed-choice experiments 217 306 308 Demolition measurement 104 Density matrix see "Statistical operator" Density operator see "Statistical operator" Detailed balance 147 Detailed balance, between absorption and emission 147 Detection 69 72 Detection of gravitational waves 98 110 Detection Operator 30 Detection volume 205 Detection, area 205 Detection, heterodyne 69 72 76 Detection, homodyne 69 72 73 Diagonal representation 117 Dicke state 136 192 Difference-amplitude squeezing 161 Diffraction of light 171 Diffusion coefficient 148—150 Diffusion coefficient, antinormal order 148 Diffusion coefficient, normal order 148 Dipole coupling constant 191 Disentangling formula 138 Dispersion relations 35 Displacement operator 113 121 123 Dissipation 170 Down conversion 231 Drift vectors 148 149 Dynamical phase shift 96 Effective Hamiltonian 150 185 222 224 225 Eigenvalue 46 158 Eigenvalue equation 46 158 Eigenvalue problem 173 Eigenvector 46 Eigenvector, generalized 50 Einstein formula 40 Einstein — Podolsky — Rosen (EPR), "paradox" 2 173 200 242 243 285 Electric strength operator 187 Electric-dipole matrix element 187 Electronic transitions 150 Electronic transitions, real 150 Electronic transitions, virtual 150 Element of physical reality 244 emission 158 Emission, spontaneous 158 221 304 310 Emission, stimulated 304 310 Entangled state 231 243 244 285 Entanglement 195 entropy 154 195 Entropy of squeezed coherent state 154 Entropy, global characteristic 154 Equation of motion 148 Equation of motion for characteristic function 148 Evolution operator 8 Exclusion principle 213 expectation value 10 Expectation value, vacuum 32 Experiment 260 Experiment with feedbacks 260 265 Experiment with frequency down conversion 286 Experiment with squeezed light 260 268 Experiment with sub-Poisson light 260 275 Experiment, cavity quantum electrodynamics 260 Experiment, polarization correlation 264 Experiment, resonance fluorescence 260 Experiment, single-photon interference 260 Experiment, two-photon 260 Experiment, two-photon interferometer 294 Factorial moments 40 145 153 155 Fano factor 41 163 Fano factor for chaotic field 43 Fano factor for coherent field 43 Fano factor for Fock state 43 Fano factor for sub-Poisson field 43 Fano factor for super-chaotic field 43 Fano factor for super-Poisson field 43 Feedback 222 267 Feedback mechanism 231 Feedback, negative 233 Feynman path amplitude 218 Field 32 Field, auxiliary 61 77 Field, chaotic 41 207 Field, classical 41 Field, coherent 32 41 207 Field, deterministic 32 210 Field, ergodic 34 Field, local oscillator 77 Field, partially coherent 177 202 Field, partially polarized 42 Field, Poissonian 41 Field, quantum 41 Field, second-order coherent 37 Field, signal 77 Field, stationary 34 Field, sub-Poissonian 41 Field, super-Poissonian 41 Flow of number probabilities 147 Fluctuations 157 Fluctuations in coherent state 157 Fluctuations, amplitude 211 Fluctuations, phase 211 Fluctuations, quadrature 157 Fluctuations, vacuum 157 fluorescent light 261 Fluorescent light from single atom 261 Fock representation 23 120 Fock space 23 135 Fock state 23 177 211 284 Fock vacuum 135 Fokker — Planck equation 145—150 223 225 235 Fokker — Planck equation, generalized 145—147 149 150 223 225 Fokker — Planck equation, non-Gaussian solution 236 Four-wave mixing 151 228 253 260 271—273 Four-wave mixing in optical fibres 272 Four-wave mixing, backward 271 Four-wave mixing, forward 272 273 Fourier transformation 50 178
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