In recent years, the research on Dipeptidyl Aminopeptidases has led from basic science to first concepts of pharmaceutical applications. The complex role of these enzymes in physiological processes as well as in the
pathophysiology of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disease, transplant rejections and cytokine-mediated abortions has become evident and provides a rationale for therapeutic interventions by a modulation of their respective enzymatic activity.